DEVELOPMENT OF A METHOD TO IMPROVE THE RELIABILITY OF ASSESSING THE CONDITION OF THE MONITORING OBJECT IN SPECIAL-PURPOSE INFORMATION SYSTEMS

The peculiarities of modern military conflicts signifi-cantly increase the requirements for the efficiency of object state assessment. Therefore, it is necessary to develop algorithms (methods and techniques) that can assess the state of the monitoring object from different sources of intelligence for a limited time and with a high degree of reliability. Accu-rate and objective object analysis requires multi-parameter estimation with significant computational costs. That is why the following tasks were solved in the study: the formaliza-tion of the assessment of monitoring objects was carried out, a method of increasing the efficiency of assessing the condition of monitoring objects was developed and an efficiency assessment was carried out. The essence of the proposed method is the hierarchical hybridization of binary classifiers and their subsequent training. has sequence of actions: classifier hierarchical The novelty of the method lies in taking into account the type of uncertainty and noise of the and taking into the computing resources of the The novelty of the method also lies in the use combined training procedures training neural and selective use system connecting only the necessary detectors. The method allows you to build a top-level classifier using various low-level schemes for combining them and aggregat-ing compositions. The method increases the efficiency of data processing by 12–20 % using additional advanced procedures. This paper reports the construction and analysis of the economic and mathematical model of the duopoly of supply chains, based on the model of optimization of plans for the release and delivery of multi-range articles, taking into consideration the marketing and innovative activities of industrial enterprises. Demand for goods is supposed to be an increasing function of advertising costs. In this case, marketing investments affect only the base selling prices of articles and do not affect competitive discounts. The explicit form of this dependence can be established as a result of marketing research. It is also assumed that investments in innovative technological projects could reduce industrial costs; production costs are decreasing functions of the size of the investment. It is believed that the demand function is linearly dependent on the total volume of output produced. The criterion of optimality for supply chains is the maxi-mum of the total profit received from the sale and delivery of finished products to points of consumption, taking into consideration the costs of production and advertising. As a result of this study, equilibrium solutions of the duopoly according to Cournot and Stackelberg were found. That has made it possible to determine the optimal values of product volumes for output, the size of investment investments, as well as product advertising costs. The model helped study the impact of investment deductions and advertising costs on the acquisition of competitive advan-tages by manufacturing enterprises. A numerical illustration of the results obtained is given. The proposed approach could be used to build and analyze dynamic optimization models taking into consideration the innovation and marketing activities of enterprises, as well as to study other market structures. This paper reports a comparative analysis of the known methods for reducing open transportation problems to a balanced form in order to further optimize freight traffic based on them. A series of significant shortcomings have been revealed that largely narrow the scope of their application. A new method has been proposed, termed the method of proportional redistribution of cargo transportation volumes among participants in the transportation process, devoid of the identified shortcomings. The transportation problem is a special case of the general linear programming problem, to which one of the methods for solving it, namely the simplex one, can be applied. A procedure to construct a simplex table based on the data from the transport table has been described, as well as the algorithm of subsequent simplex transformations. A transportation problem is often stated in the form of a map of the location of transport hubs of cargo dispatch and destination. A matrix-network model has been proposed, which makes it possible to reduce the network representation to a matrix form with the subsequent finding of the optimal plan for cargo transportation. In to identify of for transportation problems a that are of the the and the difference method 9 cases. The of a for the management efficiency by an average of 25 This paper reports a study into the main parameters of long-term contracts for the maintenance of roads. Weak-nesses in existing methods and models of substantiation of the initial characteristics of contracts have been identified. It is established that the main reason for the transition to long-term contacts in the road sector is the need to improve the efficiency and effectiveness of road asset management. This determines the main goal to maintain the operational condition of all components of roads at a level that ensures the satisfaction of user requirements and contributes to the preservation of assets. A simulation model for substantiating the parameters of long-term contracts for road maintenance has been built, which makes it possible to simulate forecast assessments of the characteristics of contracts. Underlying this study is the Monte Carlo method, as well as the triangular law of distribution, models of deterioration and restoration of the condition of road elements. Taking into consideration these models, it was established that the error in justifying the parameters of long-term contracts according to the devised method is up to 10 %. developed section of a motorway with a length of 87.3 km with an average level of requirements. According to the results of the test, the assessment of the laws of distribution of value, as well as the amount of deductions and profits of a long-term contract, was carried out. The calculation results demonstrated the model’s capability to determine the strategies for the maintenance of roads, taking into consideration the risk of implementing a contract with an error of up to 3.9 %. The practical use of the devised simulation model makes it possible to improve the efficiency of operational maintenance of roads, as well as to save from 10 % to 40 % of the cost of road maintenance.

The peculiarities of modern military conflicts significantly increase the requirements for the efficiency of object state assessment. Therefore, it is necessary to develop algorithms (methods and techniques) that can assess the state of the monitoring object from different sources of intelligence for a limited time and with a high degree of reliability. Accurate and objective object analysis requires multi-parameter estimation with significant computational costs. That is why the following tasks were solved in the study: the formalization of the assessment of monitoring objects was carried out, a method of increasing the efficiency of assessing the condition of monitoring objects was developed and an efficiency assessment was carried out. The essence of the proposed method is the hierarchical hybridization of binary classifiers and their subsequent training.
The method has the following sequence of actions: determining the degree of uncertainty, constructing a classifier tree, determining belonging to a particular class, determining object parameters, pre-processing data about the object of analysis and hierarchical traversal of the tree.
The novelty of the method lies in taking into account the type of uncertainty and noise of the data and taking into account the available computing resources of the object state analysis system. The novelty of the method also lies in the use of combined training procedures (lazy training and training procedure for evolving neural networks) and selective use of system resources by connecting only the necessary types of detectors.
The method allows you to build a top-level classifier using various low-level schemes for combining them and aggregating compositions. The method increases the efficiency of data processing by 12-20 % using additional advanced procedures.
Keywords: special-purpose information systems, efficiency of information processing, computing power. 7   This paper reports the construction and analysis of the economic and mathematical model of the duopoly of supply chains, based on the model of optimization of plans for the release and delivery of multi-range articles, taking into consideration the marketing and innovative activities of industrial enterprises. Demand for goods is supposed to be an increasing function of advertising costs. In this case, marketing investments affect only the base selling prices of articles and do not affect competitive discounts. The explicit form of this dependence can be established as a result of marketing research. It is also assumed that investments in innovative technological projects could reduce industrial costs; production costs are decreasing functions of the size of the investment. It is believed that the demand function is linearly dependent on the total volume of output produced. The criterion of optimality for supply chains is the maximum of the total profit received from the sale and delivery of finished products to points of consumption, taking into consideration the costs of production and advertising. As a result of this study, equilibrium solutions of the duopoly according to Cournot and Stackelberg were found. That has made it possible to determine the optimal values of product volumes for output, the size of investment investments, as well as product advertising costs. The model helped study the impact of investment deductions and advertising costs on the acquisition of competitive advantages by manufacturing enterprises. A numerical illustration of the results obtained is given. The proposed approach could be used to build and analyze dynamic optimization models taking into consideration the innovation and marketing activities of enterprises, as well as to study other market structures.
Keywords: supply chain, duopoly, equilibrium solution, marketing activity, innovation activity, industrial enterprise, competitive environment.  This paper reports a comparative analysis of the known methods for reducing open transportation problems to a balanced form in order to further optimize freight traffic based on them. A series of significant shortcomings have been revealed that largely narrow the scope of their application. A new method has been proposed, termed the method of proportional redistribution of cargo transportation volumes among participants in the transportation process, devoid of the identified shortcomings.

References
The transportation problem is a special case of the general linear programming problem, to which one of the methods for solving it, namely the simplex one, can be applied. A procedure to construct a simplex table based on the data from the transport table has been described, as well as the algorithm of subsequent simplex transformations.
A transportation problem is often stated in the form of a map of the location of transport hubs of cargo dispatch and destination. A matrix-network model has been proposed, which makes it possible to reduce the network representation to a matrix form with the subsequent finding of the optimal plan for cargo transportation.
In order to identify the priority of methods for reducing open transportation problems to a balanced form, 100 transportation problems that are unbalanced in terms of the volume of cargo transportation were solved. That was done with the help of a designed decision support system for the management of freight transport. As a criterion, the best freight transportation plan was chosen.
As a result, the simplex method proved the best in 48 cases, the coefficient method -in 27, the dummy node me thod -in 16, and the difference method -in 9 cases. The use of a decision support system for the management of freight transport has increased its efficiency by an average of 25 %.

Alona Shpyh
Research Institute of Transport Problems and Construction Technologies, Kyiv, Ukraine ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6909-7088 This paper reports a study into the main parameters of long-term contracts for the maintenance of roads. Weaknesses in existing methods and models of substantiation of the initial characteristics of contracts have been identified. It is established that the main reason for the transition to long-term contacts in the road sector is the need to improve the efficiency and effectiveness of road asset management. This determines the main goal to maintain the operational condition of all components of roads at a level that ensures the satisfaction of user requirements and contributes to the preservation of assets.
A simulation model for substantiating the parameters of long-term contracts for road maintenance has been built, which makes it possible to simulate forecast assessments of the characteristics of contracts. Underlying this study is the Monte Carlo method, as well as the triangular law of distribution, models of deterioration and restoration of the condition of road elements. Taking into consideration these models, it was established that the error in justifying the parameters of long-term contracts according to the devised method is up to 10 %.
The devised model was tested by applying the developed original LTCsimula program using an example of the section of a motorway with a length of 87.3 km with an average level of requirements. According to the results of the test, the assessment of the laws of distribution of value, as well as the amount of deductions and profits of a long-term contract, was carried out. The calculation results demonstrated the model's capability to determine the strategies for the maintenance of roads, taking into consideration the risk of implementing a contract with an error of up to 3.9 %.
The practical use of the devised simulation model makes it possible to improve the efficiency of operational maintenance of roads, as well as to save from 10 % to 40 % of the cost of road maintenance.