Experimental study of the fluctuations of gas medium parameters as early signs of fire

Authors

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.15587/1729-4061.2018.122419

Keywords:

fire, early ignition, gaseous medium, simulation chamber, correlations of fluctuations, window estimation

Abstract

The results of the experimental study of fluctuations of dynamics of hazardous factors of gaseous medium at early ignition of combustible materials in the chamber, simulating pressurized premises, are presented. The authors considered a non-traditional approach to research into dynamics of hazardous factors, based on current window estimation of the Pearson lag correlations for fluctuations of the main parameters of gaseous medium as non-stationary processes. In contrast to the known approaches, a given approach makes it possible to perform reliable localization in time of an early ignition of materials in premises.

 It was established that early ignition of materials has a significant effect on correlations of temperature fluctuations, concentrations of carbon monoxide and smoke in gaseous medium. It was shown that correlations of fluctuations of carbon monoxide and smoke concentrations are most informative for localization of early ignitions. Temperature fluctuations are more informative at localization of early ignition of alcohol and paper. The results of current window evaluation of the Pearson lag correlations show that in the absence of ignitions, fluctuations can be considered uncorrelated. In this case, existence of ignition leads to occurrence of non-stationary fluctuations of correlations.

It is indicated that fluctuations of parameters of gaseous medium in the general case are described by autoregression processes of higher order, depending both on the type of combustible material and the stage of ignition development. A sustainable sign of early ignition of combustible materials in the simulation chamber is a significant increase in the correlation interval of non-stationary temperature fluctuations, as well as concentrations of carbon monoxide and smoke in gaseous medium. In equilibrium of gas medium, fluctuations of its parameters have a much smaller correlation interval, characteristic for uncorrelated processes

Author Biographies

Boris Pospelov, National University of Civil Protection of Ukraine Chernyshevska str., 94, Kharkiv, Ukraine, 61023

Doctor of Technical Sciences, Professor

Research Center

Vladimir Andronov, National University of Civil Protection of Ukraine Chernyshevska str., 94, Kharkiv, Ukraine, 61023

Doctor of Technical Sciences, Professor

Research Center

Evgeniy Rybka, National University of Civil Protection of Ukraine Chernyshevska str., 94, Kharkiv, Ukraine, 61023

PhD

Research Center

Vadym Popov, National University of Civil Protection of Ukraine Chernyshevska str., 94, Kharkiv, Ukraine, 61023

Doctor of Technical Sciences, Associate Professor

Research Center

Andrey Romin, National University of Civil Protection of Ukraine Chernyshevska str., 94, Kharkiv, Ukraine, 61023

Doctor of Science in Public Administration, Associate Professor

References

  1. Poulsen, A., Jomaas, G. (2011). Experimental Study on the Burning Behavior of Pool Fires in Rooms with Different Wall Linings. Fire Technology, 48 (2), 419–439. doi: 10.1007/s10694-011-0230-0
  2. Wu, Y., Harada, T. (2004). Study on the Burning Behaviour of Plantation Wood. Scientia Silvae Sinicae, 40, 131.
  3. Zhang, D., Xue, W. (2010). Effect of Heat Radiation on Combustion Heat Release Rate of Larch. Journal of West China Forestry Science, 39, 148.
  4. Ji, J., Yang, L., Fan, W. (2003). Experimental Study on Effects of Burning Behaviours of Materials Caused by External Heat Radiation. Journal of Combustion Science and Technology, 9, 139.
  5. Peng, X., Liu, S., Lu, G. (2005). Experimental Analysis on Heat Release Rate of Materials. Journal of Chongqing University, 28, 122.
  6. Andronov, V., Pospelov, B., Rybka, E. (2016). Increase of accuracy of definition of temperature by sensors of fire alarms in real conditions of fire on objects. Eastern-European Journal of Enterprise Technologies, 4 (5 (82)), 38–44. doi: 10.15587/1729-4061.2016.75063
  7. Andronov, V., Pospelov, B., Rybka, E. (2017). Development of a method to improve the performance speed of maximal fire detectors. Eastern-European Journal of Enterprise Technologies, 2 (9 (86)), 32–37. doi: 10.15587/1729-4061.2017.96694
  8. Pospelov, B., Andronov, V., Rybka, E., Skliarov, S. (2017). Design of fire detectors capable of self-adjusting by ignition. Eastern-European Journal of Enterprise Technologies, 4 (9 (88)), 53–59. doi: 10.15587/1729-4061.2017.108448
  9. Pospelov, B., Andronov, V., Rybka, E., Skliarov, S. (2017). Research into dynamics of setting the threshold and a probability of ignition detection by self­adjusting fire detectors. Eastern-European Journal of Enterprise Technologies, 5 (9 (89)), 43–48. doi: 10.15587/1729-4061.2017.110092
  10. Shi, M., Bermak, A., Chandrasekaran, S., Amira, A., Brahim-Belhouari, S. (2008). A Committee Machine Gas Identification System Based on Dynamically Reconfigurable FPGA. IEEE Sensors Journal, 8 (4), 403–414. doi: 10.1109/jsen.2008.917124
  11. Skinner, A. J., Lambert, M. F. (2006). Using Smart Sensor Strings for Continuous Monitoring of Temperature Stratification in Large Water Bodies. IEEE Sensors Journal, 6 (6), 1473–1481. doi: 10.1109/jsen.2006.881373
  12. Cheon, J., Lee, J., Lee, I., Chae, Y., Yoo, Y., Han, G. (2009). A Single-Chip CMOS Smoke and Temperature Sensor for an Intelligent Fire Detector. IEEE Sensors Journal, 9 (8), 914–921. doi: 10.1109/jsen.2009.2024703
  13. Aspey, R. A., Brazier, K. J., Spencer, J. W. (2005). Multiwavelength sensing of smoke using a polychromatic LED: Mie extinction characterization using HLS analysis. IEEE Sensors Journal, 5 (5), 1050–1056. doi: 10.1109/jsen.2005.845207
  14. Heskestad, G., Newman, J. S. (1992). Fire detection using cross-correlations of sensor signals. Fire Safety Journal, 18 (4), 355–374. doi: 10.1016/0379-7112(92)90024-7
  15. BS EN 54-30:2015. Fire detection and fire alarm systems. Multi-sensor fire detectors. Point detectors using a combination of carbon monoxide and heat sensors.
  16. BS EN 54-31:2014. Fire detection and fire alarm system. Multi-sensor fire detectors. Point detectors using a combination of smoke, carbon monoxide and optionally heat sensors.
  17. Gottuk, D. T., Wright, M. T., Wong, J. T., Pham, H. V., Rose-Pehrsson, S. L., Hart, S. et. al. (2002). Prototype Early Warning Fire Detection Systems: Test Series 4 Results. NRL/MR/6180-02-8602. Naval Research Laboratory.
  18. McGrattan, K., Hostikka, S., McDermott, R., Floyd, J., Weinschenk, C., Overholt, K. (2016). Fire Dynamics Simulator Technical Reference Guide. Vol. 3. National Institute of Standards and Technology.
  19. Andronov, V., Pospelov, B., Rybka, E., Skliarov, S. (2017). Examining the learning fire detectors under real conditions of application. Eastern-European Journal of Enterprise Technologies, 3 (9 (87)), 53–59. doi: 10.15587/1729-4061.2017.101985
  20. Pospelov, B., Rybka, E., Meleshchenko, R., Gornostal, S., Shcherbak, S. (2017). Results of experimental research into correlations between hazardous factors of ignition of materials in premises. Eastern-European Journal of Enterprise Technologies, 6 (10 (90)), 50–56. doi: 10.15587/1729-4061.2017.117789

Downloads

Published

2018-02-02

How to Cite

Pospelov, B., Andronov, V., Rybka, E., Popov, V., & Romin, A. (2018). Experimental study of the fluctuations of gas medium parameters as early signs of fire. Eastern-European Journal of Enterprise Technologies, 1(10 (91), 50–55. https://doi.org/10.15587/1729-4061.2018.122419