Examining features of the process of heavy metals distribution in technogenic placers at hydraulic mining
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.15587/1729-4061.2017.92638Keywords:
mineral resources, heavy metals, hydraulic borehole mining, technogenic placer, technological cycleAbstract
Effectiveness of the use of technogenic tuff placers for the extraction of heavy metals, which are accumulated on the objects of processing mineral raw material, was shown. It was experimentally proved that the distribution of metals in a technogenic placer is uneven both by the height and lengthwise in a placer. The bulk of metal with the hydraulic mix is concentrated in the central section of a placer and forms the heavy metals zone in the form of the core with percentage from 59.46 % to 85.35 %.
Pulp consistency (P:T) in the studies was accepted in ratio 80 % to 20 %; 85 % to 15 %; 90 % to 10 % with percentage of native copper 0.5 %, 0.75 %, 1 % with respect to the tuff weight. Under conditions of placers formation on a plane, we substantiated the regularities of heavy metals distribution, which makes it possible to determine their position and to design parameters of the zones of increased metal concentration in the body of a technogenic placer.
It is proven that the height and the length of the base of a technogenic cone-shaped placers depend on the density of hydraulic mix. The height of a placer increases at an increase in ratio P:T, and the width of its base decreases. A formula for determining parameters of the zones of heavy metals concentration in the body of a technogenic placer was obtained. Parameters of the zones of increased content of heavy metals in a technogenic placer change by a dependence, described by polynomial of third degree. Polynomial coefficients characterize the dynamics of formation of the core of a placer, where from 59.46 % to 85.35 % of heavy metals are concentrated.
Obtained results of the studies indicate the need for processing technogenic waste, which include precious metals, by searching for the zones of their maximum concentration by the established regularity for the purpose of their extraction and further processing.
Results of the studies make it possible to develop initial requirements for conducting commercial tests and creating an area for processing technogenic tuff placers for the purpose of extraction of copper and other metals.References
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