Analysis of the influence of hot rolled plate steel treatment using temper and quench-temper method on vickers hardness number enhancement

Authors

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.15587/1729-4061.2021.233349

Keywords:

martensite, ferrite, pearlite, bending, quenching, tempering, microstructure

Abstract

This paper wants to know the effect of bending radius on the distribution of hardness, grain distribution and microstructure on the surface area of tensile stress and compressive stress after bending, quenching and tempering. Material testing helps determine and analyze material quality. The research was conducted on the bending of Hot Rolled Plate Steel material with a radius of 50 mm, 55 mm, 60 mm, 65 mm and 70 mm with a measurement distance of 1 mm, 2 mm and 3 mm, the highest value was obtained at a radius of 55 mm with a measurement distance of 1 mm. After getting the quench-temper treatment with a holding time of 30 minutes, the value of 498 HV was obtained at a radius of 70 mm with a measurement distance of 2 mm. Hardness test was performed using the austenite temperature of 900 °С, microstructure test results obtained finer grains in the compression area r=2.173 µm and in the tensile area r=2.34 µm. This observation aims to determine the microstructure of the material undergoing a heat treatment process at a temperature of 900 °С with a holding time of 30 minutes using water cooling media. The results of the observation of the microstructure of the test specimens before the quench-temper process showed that the structure of ferrite was more abundant than perlite, but after the quench-tempering process the results showed that there was more perlite than ferrite due to the presence of austenite. The treatment on the transformation of the Ar3 line causes the hardness to change the shape of the martensite microstructure into steel while the thickness of the carburizing layer increases with the increase in the carbonization temperature on the surface of the quenched specimen, resulting in the formation of martensite and residual austenite causing the coating to become hard.

Supporting Agency

  • The author would like to thank the support and guidance from Prof. Dr. Ir. Pratikto, MMT as Principal Counselor, Prof. Ir. Agus Suprapto, MSc., PhD, Co Promotor1 and Dr. Ir. Achmad As’ad Sonief, MT Co Promotor2. The authors also would like to thank Prof. Ir. Rochim Suratman, MEng., PhD (Head of Engineering PT Pindad) and Ir. Amung Sumantri, MM (Product Development Manager of PT Krakatau Steel) for their support and suggestion.

Author Biographies

Achmad Taufik, Brawijaya University Malang; Malang National Institute of Technology

Doctoral Student

Department of Mechanical Engineering

Department of Mechanical Engineering

Pratikto Pratikto, Brawijaya University Malang

Doctorate of Mechanical Engineering, Professor

Department of Mechanical Engineering

Agus Suprapto, Brawijaya University Malang

Doctor of Metallurgy, Associate Professor, PhD

Department of Mechanical Engineering

Achmad As’ad Sonief, Brawijaya University Malang

Doctorate of Mechanical Engineering, Associate Professor

Department of Mechanical Engineering

References

  1. Karagöz, Ş., Atapek, Ş. H., Yilmaz, A. (2010). Microstructural and Fractographical Studies on Quenched and Tempered Armor Steels. Materials Testing, 52 (5), 316–322. doi: https://doi.org/10.3139/120.110134
  2. Konca, E. (2020). A Comparison of the Ballistic Performances of Various Microstructures in MIL-A-12560 Armor Steel. Metals, 10 (4), 446. doi: https://doi.org/10.3390/met10040446
  3. Long, S., Liang, Y., Jiang, Y., Liang, Y., Yang, M., Yi, Y. (2016). Effect of quenching temperature on martensite multi-level microstructures and properties of strength and toughness in 20CrNi2Mo steel. Materials Science and Engineering: A, 676, 38–47. doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.msea.2016.08.065
  4. Peet, M. (2015). Prediction of martensite start temperature. Materials Science and Technology, 31 (11), 1370–1375. doi: https://doi.org/10.1179/1743284714y.0000000714
  5. Kılıç, N., Ekici, B. (2013). Ballistic resistance of high hardness armor steels against 7.62mm armor piercing ammunition. Materials & Design, 44, 35–48. doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.matdes.2012.07.045
  6. Atapek, S. (2013). Development of a New Armor Steel and its Ballistic Performance. Defence Science Journal, 63 (3), 271–277. doi: https://doi.org/10.14429/dsj.63.1341
  7. Sanusi, O., Akindapo, J. (2015). Ballistic Performance of a Quenched and Tempered Steel Against 7.62mm Calibre Projectile. Nigerian Journal of Technology, 34 (2), 309. doi: https://doi.org/10.4314/njt.v34i2.15
  8. Shuai, X., Mao, H., Kong, Y., Du, Y. (2017). Phase field crystal simulation of the structure evolution between the hexagonal and square phases at elevated pressures. Journal of Mining and Metallurgy, Section B: Metallurgy, 53 (3), 271–278. doi: https://doi.org/10.2298/jmmb170527027s
  9. Magudeeswaran, G., Balasubramanian, V., Sathyanarayanan, S., Reddy, G. M., Moitra, A., Venugopal, S., Sasikala, G. (2010). Dynamic fracture toughness of armour grade quenched and tempered steel joints fabricated using low hydrogen ferritic fillers. Journal of Iron and Steel Research International, 17 (5), 51–56. doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/s1006-706x(10)60099-4
  10. Singh, B. B., Kumar, K. S., Madhu, V., Kumar, R. A. (2017). Effect of Hot Rolling on Mechanical Properties and Ballistic Performance of High Nitrogen Steel. Procedia Engineering, 173, 926–933. doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.proeng.2016.12.144
  11. Herbirowo, S., Adjiantoro, B., Romijarso, T. B., Pramono, A. W. (2018). The effect of tempering treatment on mechanical properties and microstructure for armored lateritic steel. AIP Conference Proceedings, 1964, 020043. doi: https://doi.org/10.1063/1.5038325
  12. Kim, H., Inoue, J., Okada, M., Nagata, K. (2017). Prediction of Ac3 and Martensite Start Temperatures by a Data-driven Model Selection Approach. ISIJ International, 57 (12), 2229–2236. doi: https://doi.org/10.2355/isijinternational.isijint-2017-212
  13. Tukur, S. A., Usman, M. M., Muhammad, I., Sulaiman, N. A. (2014). Effect of Tempering Temperature on Mechanical Properties of Medium Carbon Steel. International Journal of Engineering Trends and Technology, 9 (15), 798–800. doi: https://doi.org/10.14445/22315381/ijett-v9p350
  14. Mondal, C., Mishra, B., Jena, P. K., Siva Kumar, K., Bhat, T. B. (2011). Effect of heat treatment on the behavior of an AA7055 aluminum alloy during ballistic impact. International Journal of Impact Engineering, 38 (8-9), 745–754. doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijimpeng.2011.03.001
  15. Banerjee, M. K. (2017). 2.1 Fundamentals of Heat Treating Metals and Alloys. Comprehensive Materials Finishing, 1–49. doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/b978-0-12-803581-8.09185-2
  16. Hasan, M. F. (2016). Analysis of Mechanical Behavior and Microstructural Characteristics Change of ASTM A-36 Steel Applying Various Heat Treatment. Journal of Material Science & Engineering, 05 (02). doi: https://doi.org/10.4172/2169-0022.1000227
  17. Steel. Availablle at: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Steel
  18. Dlouhy, J., Podany, P., Džugan, J. (2020). Influence of Martensite Deformation on Cu Precipitation Strengthening. Metals, 10 (2), 282. doi: https://doi.org/10.3390/met10020282

Downloads

Published

2021-08-26

How to Cite

Taufik, A., Pratikto, P., Suprapto, A., & Sonief, A. A. (2021). Analysis of the influence of hot rolled plate steel treatment using temper and quench-temper method on vickers hardness number enhancement . Eastern-European Journal of Enterprise Technologies, 4(12(112), 18–24. https://doi.org/10.15587/1729-4061.2021.233349

Issue

Section

Materials Science