Some life skills of female wheelchair basketball players

purpose: the current study aimed to know the level of life skills of female wheel-the current study aimed to know the level of life skills of female wheel-chair basketball players and statistical differences in the life skills of female wheelchair basketball players according to team affiliation. Material & Methods: the study was conducted on female wheelchair basketball players, where the study sample amounted to 30 players. The life skills scale prepared by Al-Sutri (2007), which contains four dimensions, was adopted; the skill of communication, the skill of teamwork and cooperation, the skill


Introduction
Human societies include many disabled people, young or old, male or female, due to diseases, wars, natural and human disasters and poor social conditions (Sikorska & Gerc, 2018).This category of people is destined to be in a state of physical, sensory or mental deficiency due to hereditary or acquired injuries, which makes them unable even to carry out daily tasks without dependence on others, and this category is the category of people with special needs (Martin, 2005).
In the current era, the interest of societies in people with special needs has increased, based on the principle of equal opportunities, and education, sports and recreational activities have become for all (Sinason,1992).Motor disabilities category (fe-Motor disabilities category (fe-Motor disabilities category (fe-original paper copyright: © 2022 by the authors. male and male) has a lot of attention and benefit from various sport programs through care and rehabilitation so that they can live according to their potentials and abilities (Malm et al, 2019).Wheelchair basketball, which has attracted many people with motor disabilities, whether male or female, is considered a movement sport of great functional and psychological benefit, and all body systems participate in its performance (De Witte et al, 2016).And after women's wheelchair basketball was just a recreational and therapeutic sport, it has now become a competitive sport of a high level, the goal of which is to achieve high achievements and great results and win various local, national and international championships (DePauw& Gavron, 2005).
Life skills are an imperative for all members of society, especially for the disabled, because of the requirements that individuals need to conform to themselves and the society in which they live, which helps them solve daily problems and interact with everyday situations (Bьhler et al,2008;Singla et al,2020).Several studies (Goudas, et al,2006. Celenk, 2021;Martin,2012;Holloway, & Long,2019) in the field of motor disability have recommended the necessity of practicing sports activity and preparing training programs that suit the teristics of this category, which helps in developing the skills that help them to meet life requirements.
There is a lack of previous studies that dealt with the life skills of women with motor disabilities who engage in various recreational and competitive sports activities.That is why the importance of the current study, which aims to know the level of life skills of female wheelchair basketball players and statistical differences in the life skills of female wheelchair bas-female wheelchair bas-female wheelchair basketball players according to team affiliation.

Participants:
The study was conducted on female wheelchair basketball players, where the study sample amounted to 30 players, who play in the Mustapha Ben Boulaпd Club (Ouargla), the Hodna Club (M'sila), and the Intisar Bashar Club (Bashar).These clubs are active in the National Wheelchair Basketball Championship.The exploratory study also consisted of 12 female wheelchair basketball players.All sample members agreed orally and in writing to participate in the study.

Statistical analysis:
The Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (IBM SPSS) version 26 was used to get the results (Pearson cor-relation coefficient, Cronbach's alpha coefficient, split half, Spearman Brown, mean, standard deviation, one-way ANO-standard deviation, one-way ANO-standard deviation, one-way ANO-one-way ANO-one-way ANO-VA).
The measure: The life skills scale prepared by Al-Sutri (2007), which contains four dimensions, was adopted; the skill of communication dimension (9 items ), the skill of teamwork and co-dimension (9 items ), the skill of teamwork and co-dimension (9 items ), the skill of teamwork and cooperation dimension (6 items), the skill of taking personal responsibility dimension (8 items), and the skill of physical and technical dimension (14 items).The formulation of the scale items was positive, and the answer was evaluated on a five Likert type scale (always= 5, often= 4, sometimes= 3, rarely= 2, never= 1.The range of scores are shown in the table 1.To verify the validity of the scale, the researchers calculated the internal consistency of the scale (construction validity), by calculating the correlation coefficients (Pearson's method) between each statement and the total score of the scale (Table 2).
Table 2 showed the degree of correlation of each item in the life skills scale with the total score of the scale, which shows that the scale items are related to the total score of the scale, which means that there was a statistically significant correlation.The life skills scale was characterized by high validity.Table 3 showed that the value of Cronbach's alpha coefficient was equal to (.84), and the value of the split-half coefficient (Spearman-Brown) was (.80).Results of the table 3 showed that the reliability coefficients of the scale were a function.In table 5, analysis of variance (one-way ANOVA) was used to test the significant differences in the life skills of female wheelchair basketball players according to team affiliation.F value reached (1.615), when the degree of freedom was (2) between the groups, and the level of significance was (0.05).Consequently, there were no significant differences between female wheelchair basketball players according to team affiliation in the life skills.

Discussion
The life skills of female wheelchair basketball players were high.The reason is the positive participation in various sports activities, regular and continuous training, and various organized competitions throughout the sports season.What gave the female players some life skills such as the skill of social communication, cooperation, teamwork among members of one team, taking responsibility within the team, as well as acquiring some physical and technical qualities.Greve and Sьßenbach (2021) indicated that life skills are among the most important skills acquired when playing basketball on wheelchairs, whether for men or women.Wheelchair basketball players are characterized by cooperation, and communication between team members, in addition to psychological skills in the form of mutual trust between players, and a sense of responsibility to achieve the desired goal (Celenk, 2021).The main goal of physical activity is to acquire some physical and technical qualities (Goudas et al, 2006).
Despite the harsh climatic conditions (the desert environment) and the culture of society that sees women as inferior to men, the female wheelchair basketball players still practice their sports activities (Nauright, 2012;Limoochi and Le Clair, 2011).
It was found that there are no statistically significant differences between female wheelchair basketball players according to their affiliation with sports teams.The reason is that the expectations of the players towards life skills and their abilities towards performance had the same positive feelings (Gerling et al, 2014;Hutzler et al, 2016).The players from the same sports specialization have one goal, which is to achieve victories and highlight some personal traits such as self-confidence and self-realization (Richardson et al, 2017).In addition, all sports teams belong to the same environment (Walseth, 2008;Tamminen & Gaudreau, 2014).

Conclusions
Through the previous results, it was found that the level of life skills of female wheelchair basketball players.ishigh and there are no statistically significant differences in life skills according to their affiliation with sports teams.It is very im-It is very important to develop special sports programs that enhance the life skills of persons (male/female) with disabilities, taking into account the type and severity of the disability, employing life skills in sports activities programs by linking what a disabled person takes and what he/she faces in his/her daily life situations, and opening special sports centers and clubs for peo-and opening special sports centers and clubs for peo-and opening special sports centers and clubs for people with disabilities (female / male) so that they can practice various sports on a regular basis.