The structure of population life quality

. Purpose : to formate the conceptual life quality model that defines the basic components of human well-being. Material and Methods: theoretical analysis, scientific and methodical literaturedata generalization, sociological and statistical methods. The 300 youth respondents, 98 adults of first mature age, 290 adults of second mature age and 150 elderly people were surveyed. Results : objective and subjective component was selected in life quality; the basic components of life quality were identified. Conclusions : physical component, psychological component, social activity, material component, development and identity, environment are the basic components of quality of life.

(tab. 1) are useful at introduction and realization of monitoring of different level, formation of bases of standard data, estimations of quality of life of the certain individual and the population, in general. By the similar principle the system EUROMODULE which combines objective living conditions, subjective wellbeing, perception of quality of life, at the level of the certain individual and society functions. Objective indicators of EUROMODULE were chosen according to recommendations of the Program of development of the Organization of economic cooperation and development. A number of objective indicators is captured, in particular, the characteristic of conditions of dwelling, income, a living wage, educational services, a state of health and so forth. The main subjective indicators of this system is: the satisfaction living conditions, life, feeling of happiness, uneasiness and an anomy, the relation (optimistic, pessimistic) to vital problems, existence of the conflicts and so on. The assumption is key in this system that the satisfaction of basic requirements will define the structure of a family, relations with people around, income, a state of health, welfare of the population.
It is possible to consider approach of the system KIDSCREEN alternative which considers a holistic model of health with the corresponding allocation of a physical, psychological, social and material component [2]. The quality of life in this system is studied according to separate indicators: physical and mental wellbeing, mood and emotions, perception, autonomy, relations with parents, social support and coevals, social perception, the school environment, financial resources.
It should be noted that, despite of a weak communication between separate parameters of a subjective and objective component, they are necessary for the full characteristic of the quality of life (pic. 1). Correlation coefficients, average and insignificant behind size between a value judgment of the quality of life are found both some subjective and objective parameters. There are, average and insignificant correlation coefficients by a size between a value judgment of the quality of life and the main subjective and objective indicators. The greatest values of coefficient of correlation are found for such groups of parameters: satisfaction with life and satisfaction with work (r=0,41), assessment of wellbeing and health (r=0,4), education and income (r=0,31), quality of life and financial position (r=0,37), physical fitness and quality of life (r=0,28). The received results found a confirmation in numerous data of literature.
It is possible to claim that in most cases of studying of quality of life isn't provided the development of the corresponding model, and by the allocation of separate components, understanding of communications between them is carried out within certain estimating systems. They can provide the collecting of objective and subjective data, however the compound qualities of life which are picked up according to the research objective. The analysis of the estimating systems (on the example of such which are designed for children and youth) found out that the main components of quality of life is physical and mental health, financial position, pastime free, communication with society, a state of environment (tab. 2). The analysis of a number of the estimating systems found the difficult hierarchical structure, but also compliance to the principles of subjectivity (the perception of the outside world is considered by the individual) and realities (aspects of activity are considered both positive and negative). To the main structures and substructures of quality of life of children and youth belong: physical health (physical and physical activity, pain, vigor, growth and development, incidence), mental health (emotional state (mood, positive and negative emotions, temperament), cognitive functioning), social health (social life, social support, relations with coevals, bully, relations with native, pastime free with parents), environment (school and rest, medical care, safety of conditions of the environment), social-psychological competence, financial position.
Similar results can be made by results of the analysis of the estimating systems for persons of mature and senile age. The structure of quality of life contains physical, mental and social health, pain, mood, dream, social contacts or isolation, labor productivity, a way of pastime free and so forth (tab. 3). Note. * -1 -general assessment of wellbeing or state of health; 2 -mental wellbeing; 3 -social wellbeing; 4 -cognitive wellbeing; 5 -physical functioning, in particular, physical activity; 6 -incidence, complaints; 7 -working capacity, daily activity; 8 -estimation of efficiency of treatment, examination or rehabilitation, action on health care; 9 -quality of a dream.
Factors which influence the quality of life of elderly people are given in pic. 2. Absolutely, according to respondents with poor quality of life, problems with health (95,2%) and in families (81,0%), low level of social activity (57,1%) are capable to worsen wellbeing. The modern generation of elderly people has low expectations of rather own life, because of social and economic problems and events of the first half of the XX century. Such assessment displays the underestimated expectations and opportunities and can be uncharacteristic for the next generations. But, except a good shape of health, the existence of friendly relations with others, positive influence on quality of life has an income (71,4%) and a work (51,0%). Most of respondents (69,4%) as one of factors that is capable to improve quality of life, remember the activity in free time. Elderly people connect the high quality of life not only with absence of diseases, satisfaction with life, but ability to perform daily tasks independently, to carry out a choice independently and not to depend on the help of others. Dependence on a thought and a choice of other 85,7% of respondents with poor quality of life was chosen as a factor which significantly reduces wellbeing. Among respondents with the high quality of life a third of respondents (34,7%) chooses a mobility and nearly a half of respondents chooses an independence (46,9%) as factors which are capable to improve quality of life of the elderly person.

Conclusions:
1. Basic components of quality of life are similar at persons of different age. It allows using the only instrument of measurement of wellbeing irrespective of age, sex, the social status or a state of health of a respondent. The specialized narrowly targeted estimating systems are based on the statement what exactly the absence of diseases testifies to high quality of life and consequently, contain indicators, which are not actual for the main group of the population. Such approach doesn't provide understanding of quality of life, and provides set of sample statistics for use in medical practice.
2. Basic components of wellbeing of a person is a physical component (substructures -somatic health, daily activity, free time), a psychological component (an emotional state, a self-assessment), social activity (interaction, cohesion), a material component (a financial position, employment, living conditions), development and self-identification (purposes and values, autonomy, activity and a choice, education and skills), environment (the rights, characteristic of the environment).
Prospects of the subsequent researches is in the development of the theoretical structure of quality of life that allows characterizing compound qualities of life, connections among them and the main indicators.