UDK: 664.1-663 RESEARCH OF INFLUENCE OF BIOLOGICAL ACTIVATION ON THE VITAMIN COMPLEX OF GRAIN CEREAL CULTURES

The hydrothermal treatment of grain of cereal cultures - wheat, bare grain oats, triticale, which promotes increase in its nutritional value, in particular increase in amount of vitamins, by biological activation is offered. In the course of the offered grain preparation contents of anti-mineral substance of phytin significantly decrease, the content of vitamins of antioxidants, vitamins of group B and inositol considerably grows

blood formation, increases immunity, compensates vitamin and mineral deficiency, normalizes acid-base balance, promotes cleaning of an organism of slags, effective digestion, raises a potentiality, slows down processes of aging [5].
In domestic and foreign scientific literature it is noted that during germination of grain increased the content of vitamins [6]. Scientists note that the content of B group vitamins, in particular, B 1 , B 2 , B 5 , B 6 at 5-10 times higher in wheat sprouted grain than in mature. Also during germination of grain wheat vitamin C is synthesized [7]. It is established that after biological activation of grain wheat during the 24 hours the content of vitamins B 2 and B 6 increases by 26 and 65%, the content of vitamin E increased in 6,5 times, the amount of nicotinic acid (PP) increased by 1,3 times [ 8 9]. Scientists noted that the maximum increase in contents of folic acid by 3,6 times in germinated grain of wheat and 1,7 -3,8 times in rye is recorded for the fifth time of germination, the quantity of carotinoids is the highest for the seventh day of germination [10,11]. During of germination of such valuable grain crops as triticale and oats authors did not investigate accumulation of vitamins.
It is known that a phytic acid forms insoluble calcium salts that are not digested by the digestive juice [12]. Therefore, the presence of phytin in foods is not desirable.
The scientists developed methods of phytin selection from grain raw materials and waste of its redoing [13,14]. However, the degree of hydrolysis of phytin in the course of biological activation of grain authors is not installed. The accumulation of an inositol in the soaking and sprouting grains also not investigated.
Insufficient study of influence of biological activation at the concrete reasonable modes of grain of valuable cereal cultures of wheat, bare grain oats and triticale on change of content of all main vitamins and extent of hydrolysis of phytin proves need of carrying out researches for this direction.

3.The aim and tasks of the study.
The aim of this work is establishment impact the biological activation of grain cereal crops wheat, oats and triticale by hydrothermal processing of the change content of essential vitamins and degree of hydrolysis phytin. For researches used samples of grain wheat, triticale and bare grain oats, respectively, grades Myronivska 137, Alkid, Solomon.
Indicators of physiologic value of grain defined according to techniques [15].
Phytin determined by extraction it from grain 1-% solution of nitric acid and further sedimentation by 25-% solution of ammonia. The besieged phytin was filtered and dried up in a drying cabinet at 80 ºС for 10 hours [13]. The inositol was determined by method of a highly effective liquid chromatography, which included the freeze-drying and milling of the sample, extraction of 0,5 M hydrochloric acid, a decantation, filtering of a dekantat under pressure and actually a chromatography on a chromatography of PERCIN ELMER. Definitions carried out with use of the ultraviolet detector (λ=325 nm).
Definition of vitamin C was carried out by a titration method [16]. From grain vitamin C was extracted 2-% HCl solution. Contents were maintained during 10 minutes, filtered. The received extracts titrated by solution of sodium 2,6dichlorophenolindophenolate to the appearance of weakly pink color. For definition of vitamin P to 1 g of a sample added 40 ml of 2% KOH solution and heated on the boiling water bath with the return refrigerator of 15 minutes. The received extract was cooled, filtered. Optical density measured of the solution on the photocolorimeter at a wavelength about 500 nm in cuvette with a layer thickness of 5 mm. Control solution -distilled water [16]. Definition of vitamin E is based on formation of quinone during oxidation of molecules tocopherol, extractable from studied sample, by chlorine iron. There is a recovery of chlorine iron to chlorous which quantity is defined behind intensity of a coloring during addition of orthophenanthroline [16].
For determination choline, sample hydrolyzed in the presence of 20% HNO 3 on the boiling water bath. To the filtrate, neutralized 33% alkaline solution (pH 10), was added 2% solution of chromthiocyanate salt and left for 18 hours in the refrigerator. The precipitate, that formed, was filtered, washed with n-propanol at 0°C, was dissolved in acetone. The resulting solution is calorimetry on the FEC-56М, (λ = 510-540 nm). Control solution was acetone [16].
Vitamin B 1 is determined fluorometric [17]. The method is based on the oxidation of thiamine into red blood salt in alkaline in tiohrom, extraction of the latter in an organic solvent, measuring the fluorescence intensity at spectrofluorimeter  The conducted researches showed that during germination of grain is a significant phytin hydrolysis. And at the lower temperatures hydrolysis actively.
Inositol, vitamin-like substance B 8 Table 3. It was established that during germination is an active synthesis of an inositol, at the lowest temperature as a result of more active hydrolysis of phytin, the bigger quantity of an inositol is formed.
Important task of preparation of raw materials is preservation and the maximum increase in content of vitamins. The change of vitamins content was investigated in the process of biological activation of grain; vitamins exhibit antioxidant properties -tocopherol, ascorbic acid, vitamin P (tab. 4).   Native grain The conducted researches showed that during the biological activation grain cereals is a significant phytin hydrolysis, these results are consistent with practical data known from the work of G. Sripriya et al [5] with colleagues who say that soaking and sprouting help reduce anti-food substances in grains and seeds. But unlike existing data, our researches show the degree of hydrolysis of phytin antimineral substances during germination grain of perspective cereal cultures of wheat, triticale and oats, which are important for increasing its nutritional value.
The received results correlate with theoretical data, known from works of scientists who say that under the action of the enzyme phytase, that is activated in germinating grain, inozytphosphoric acid contained in a grain in the form of phytin, decomposes into inositol and free orthophosphoric acid [13]. But, unlike existing data, which only note the inositol is formed of phytin at germination of grain, our results demonstrate increasing the nutritional value of grain raw material due to a significant increase of inositol, which is required for normal growth and development of young organism; helps prevent disease alopecia. Important, from the point of view of increase the nutritional value, are the results of research content in main vitamins in biologically activated grain of cereal cultures. These data are consistent with researches of a number of scientists [6][7][8][9][10], but the value of our results is due to the definition of a full complex of vitamins in wheat, triticale and oats for the concrete technological parameters of its processing that enables the development of perspective technology of preparation of grain.

Conclusions.
We offered the hydrothermal treatment regime -cold conditioning of grain, which promotes increase of its nutritional value.
Biological activation of grain crops of wheat, triticale, bare grain oats gives a raw material for producing health foods with a high content of B vitamins, niacin, and those that exhibit antioxidant properties E and C, substances with P-vitamin activity. The proposed method of preparation of grain raw materials allows to minimize of anti-mineral substance of phytin.