Metamorphoses of alcohol addiction’s pathomorphism and the new approaches to its treatment
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.15587/2313-8416.2015.47411Keywords:
alcohol addiction, pathomophism, rehabilitation potential, medical and rehabilitation accompaniment, treatment, newest approachesAbstract
Aim: to elaborate the differentiated system of medical and rehabilitation accompaniment of patients from the position of biopsychosocial approach to the modern pathomorphism of alcohol addiction (AA).
Methods: retrospective analysis of medical documentation, clinical and anamnestic, social and demographic, clinical and psychopathologic, psychodiagnostic, statistical.
Results. In the research it was proved an existence of such phenomenon as pathomorphism of AA in the modern period, identified its meaning content and marked out its psychosocial, clinical and therapeutic forms that can exist separately or turn from the one to another causing the complication of medical and social effects of AA. It was also established the specificity of clinical and psychopathologic and social peculiarities of AA that were systematized as indicators of intensity of the harmful effects of AA that were united into clusters of signs in aspect of optimization of its complex treatment: minimal, apparent and heavy harmful effects. It was proved the necessity of its detection as a criterion of differentiation of the choice of content and volume of measures of medical and rehabilitation accompaniment of patients with AA depending on heaviness of the harmful effects of an alcohol disease. It was detected the peculiarities of an ability to perception of the social support in persons with alcoholic addiction. Compromise of emotional and volitional features of person and the low communicative and emotional competence that form a personal resource of perception of the social support and also the negative dynamics of the aforesaid phenomenon in patients with AA in progression of disease were defined as the main impact factors on the process of perception of the social support.
On the base of analysis and generalization of received data there was elaborated an algorithm of assessment of rehabilitation potential (RP) of patients with AA as a criterion of differentiation of the volume and content of the measures of medical and rehabilitation accompaniment – an integral indicator that includes a standardized assessment of psychosocial, clinical and therapeutic resources of patient. The two-phased system of medical and rehabilitation accompaniment that consists of inpatient and out-patient treatment and differentiated depending on the RP of patient was scientifically ground, elaborated and introduced into clinical practice.
Conclusions. An introduction of this system with detection of changes in clinical, psychosocial and personal\interpersonal spheres of patient lives proved its efficiency compared with measures of regulated therapy.
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