Smoking as a risk factor of multiple sclerosis: results of cohort study in volyn region
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.15587/2313-8416.2016.59256Keywords:
multiple sclerosis, smoking, Volyn, incapability, risk factors, disability, clinical course, progressionAbstract
Smoking is the modified risk factor of the multiple sclerosis (MS) development. In spite of the low smoking percentage in the population of Volyn region the rates of MS prevalence and morbidity is there the one of the highest in the country.
Aim of research: to assess an influence of smoking in Volyn dwellers on the type of clinical course, progression quickness and the incapability degree in patients with MS.
Materials and methods: According to the smoking status all patients were divided into three groups: smokers, ex-smokers, non-smokers. There were assessed age, sexual differences, the age of the debut of disease, neurological deficiency degree, the disease progression quickness between groups. Statistical analysis was carried out with the help of Microsoft Excel, SPSS program for Windows using the standard descriptive statistics, correlative and regressive analysis. For analysis of events achievement there were used the plural assessments of Kaplan-Meier. The comparison of survival functions in two groups was carried out using Cox and Wilkinson F-criterion.
Results: There were examined 338 patients with multiple sclerosis from all districts of Volyn region among them – 220 (65,1 %) women. The men-women ratio was 1,87:1. The mean age of patients was 47±12,18 years old, the age of the MS first symptoms appearance– 30±9,19 years old. The age of patients at the time of diagnosis– 33±9,4 years old. The mean grade on EDSS scale – 4±2,04. There was established that patients in the group of smokers were younger, the first symptoms appeared earlier compared with those who never smoked or stopped smoking (p<0,05). The disability level on EDSS scale was lower in the group of patients who never smoked (p=0,015). There was not revealed the statistically significant difference for the next rates: the type of clinical course, type of debut of disease and progression quickness of disease.
Conclusion: The MS appears earlier in smoking patients. The incapability degree in ex-smokers is reliably higher comparing with patients who never smoked. There was not revealed any influence of smoking on the type of clinical course and progression quickness of disease. It is reasonable to study the combination of smoking factor with the other possible factors of the disease development
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