Comparative assessment of methods for evaluation of drought tolerance in winter bread wheat varieties
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.15587/2519-8025.2019.186813Keywords:
winter bread wheat, water deficit, callus culture, seeds, mannitol, toleranceAbstract
The aim of the work was to estimate the drought tolerance of winter bread wheat varieties by the laboratory method and in vitro culture and to compare the obtained results.
Materials and methods. The object of research was winter bread wheat varieties of various ecological and geographical origins. In the work methods of tissue and organ in vitro culture, in vitro selection, laboratory and statistical data analysis were applied. The resistance to water deficit of 15 wheat varieties was studied by seed germination in the osmotic solution and the proportion of living calli on a selective medium with mannitol.
Results. The winter bread wheat varieties, created in various ecological zones, were screened for drought tolerance and sources of tolerance to water deficit were identified. The genotypic reaction to osmotic stress of the varieties was manifested by different proportions of viable calli and different percentage of germinated seeds under the action of the stress factor. It was established, that the Balada Myronivska and Gorlytsya Myronivska varieties were characterized by the highest tolerance to water deficit, in which the percentage of seed germination and callus survival on media with osmotic was the highest. The Ovidii and Wenzell varieties turned out to be the most sensitive to the action of water deficit, because under selective conditions they had the lowest tolerance to the osmotic stress. A reliable correlation was revealed (r = 0.86) between the drought tolerance indices, obtained by the laboratory method and in vitro. A method for assessing the drought tolerance of wheat genotypes has been developed and patented, which will contribute to the creation of new varieties with valuable practical properties.
Conclusions. The tolerance indices, obtained at various levels of organization (cells, seedlings), basically coincided for the majority of the studied varieties; therefore, in vitro and laboratory assessment methods can be used to evaluate breeding material. The possibility of using selective systems with mannitol for screening wheat genotypes for tolerance to water deficit is shown. The Balada Myronіvska and Gorlytsia Myronіvska varieties can be a valuable source material for further selection of wheat
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Copyright (c) 2019 Serhii Pykalo, Oleksandr Demydov, Tetiana Yurchenko, Nataliia Prokopik, Mykhailo Kharchenko
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