Criteria of diagnostics of intraccellular infection in children with community-acquired pneumonia

Authors

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.15587/2519-4798.2018.149295

Keywords:

community-acquired pneumonia, intracellular pathogen, intracellular infection, diagnostic criteria, diagnostic algorithm

Abstract

Community-acquired pneumonia is the largest group of pneumonia, which the doctor has to meet daily in outpatient practice and in the hospital.

The interest in this problem is due to the fact that no final response has been received regarding the prevalence of intracellular pathogens with this disease, the role of herpes viruses, mixed associations, the entire spectrum of immuno-pathological changes caused by persistence of infection in the child’s body.

Undetermined criteria for the diagnosis of pneumonia on the background of intracellular infection with herpes virus persistence, which are based on clinical, anamnestic and paraclinical indicators.

The aim of the study was to determine the criteria for the diagnosis of intracellular infection in children with community-acquired pneumonia with the development of a diagnostic algorithm for this cohort.

Methods. A comprehensive survey of 120 children hospitalized for community-acquired pneumonia was conducted. The average age of patients was 6.9 ± 0.2 years. Verification of the diagnosis was carried out on the basis of a complex of clinical and anamnestic, laboratory and radiological data. The determination of pathogens was established on the basis of: bacteriological culture of material from the pharynx, nose on the flora with an antibiogram, bacteriological culture of sputum on the flora with an antibiogram. The presence of Streptococcus pneumoniae, Haemophilus influenzae in smears from the pharynx, nose, sputum was determined by real-time polymerase chain reaction. The method of immunoassay was determined immunoglobulin classes M and G to Ch. pneumoniae, M. pneumoniae, the presence of antibodies to herpes viruses (human herpes virus 6th type, cytomegalovirus, Epstein-Barr virus).

According to the results of the polymerase chain reaction in real-time determined the presence of DNA Ch. pneumoniae, M. pneumoniae, herpes viruses. Using heterogeneous sequential Wald-Genkin procedures, diagnostic factors (DF) and diagnostic informativity (I) of symptoms were determined with the formation of generalized and reduced algorithms for diagnosing intracellular infection with herpesvirus persistence in children with community-acquired pneumonia.

As a result of the study, community-acquired pneumonia was diagnosed in 38.3 % of patients against intracellular infection with herpes virus persistence (Mycoplasma pneumoniae, Chlamydophila pneumoniae, cytomegalovirus, Epstein-Barr virus, human herpes virus 6th type).

Considering that all types of examination of patients differ in significant diagnostic information, this made it possible to form an algorithm for diagnosing intracellular infection with herpes virus persistence in children with community-acquired pneumonia.

The obtained properties of the algorithms have a positive significance for clinical practice, since it is better to overestimate the unfavorable clinical situation than to admit the absence of a proper assessment.

Conclusions. The highest diagnostic information in the diagnosis of intracellular infection of children with community-acquired pneumonia are: the contents of monocytes (Ι = 1.84); the number of replacements of ABT (Ι = 1.65); the nature of the adaptation reactions of the body (Ι = 1.39); severity of pneumonia (Ι = 1.34); dimensions of the main area of darkening in the lungs (Ι = 1.31); conducting infusion therapy (Ι = 1.27); body temperature (Ι = 1.12) and the form of pneumonia (Ι = 1.12).

The high diagnostic reliability of the proposed algorithm allows recommending it for clinical use

Author Biography

Sergey Matvienko, State institution "Kharkiv Medical Academy of Postgraduate Education" Amosova str., 58, Kharkiv, Ukraine, 61176

Рostgraduate Student

Department of Pediatrics

References

  1. Cardinale, F., Cappiello, A. R., Mastrototaro, M. F., Pignatelli, M., Esposito, S. (2013). Community-acquired pneumonia in children. Early Human Development, 89, 49–52. doi: http://doi.org/10.1016/j.earlhumdev.2013.07.023
  2. Harris, M., Clark, J., Coote, N., Fletcher, P., Harnden, A. et. al. (2011). British Thoracic Society guidelines for the management of community acquired pneumonia in children: update 2011. Thorax, 66, 1–23. doi: http://doi.org/10.1136/thoraxjnl-2011-200598
  3. Rudan, I., Boschi-Pinto, C., Biloglav, Z., Mulhollandd, K., Campbell, H. (2008). Epidemiology and etiology of childhood pneumonia. Bulletin of the World Health Organization, 86 (5), 408–416. doi: http://doi.org/10.2471/blt.07.048769
  4. Esposito, S., Francesca Patria, M., Tagliabue, C., Longhi, B., Sferrazza Papa, S., Principi, N.; Chalmers, J. D., Pletz, M. W., Aliberti, S. (Eds.) (2014). CAP in children // European respiratory monograph 63: Community-acquired pneumonia. 2014. Р. 130–139. doi: http://doi.org/10.1183/1025448x.10003913
  5. Picot, V. S., Bénet, T., Messaoudi, M., Telles, J.-N., Chou, M., Eap, T. et. al. (2014). Multicenter case–control study protocol of pneumonia etiology in children: Global Approach to Biological Research, Infectious diseases and Epidemics in Low-income countries (GABRIEL network). BMC Infectious Diseases, 14 (1). doi: http://doi.org/10.1186/s12879-014-0635-8
  6. Manikam, L., Lakhanpaul, M. (2012). Epidemiology of community acquired pneumonia. Paediatrics and Child Health, 22 (7), 299–306. doi: http://doi.org/10.1016/j.paed.2012.05.002
  7. Levenets, S. S., Renchkovska, S. O., Pranik, N. O. (2014). Pneumonia in children: nastanovi, realіi, mozhlivostі. Actual nutrition pediatric, obstetrics and gynecology, 2, 30–31.
  8. Bhuiyan, M. U., Snelling, T. L., West, R., Lang, J., Rahman, T., Borland, M. L. et. al. (2018). Role of viral and bacterial pathogens in causing pneumonia among Western Australian children: a case–control study protocol. BMJ Open, 8 (3), e020646. doi: http://doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2017-020646
  9. Benet, T., Sanchez, V., Messaoudi, M. et. al. (2017). Microorganisms Associated With Pneumonia in Children. Clinical Infectious Diseases, 65 (4), 604–612.
  10. Gorbich, O. A., Chistenko, G. N. (2016). Features of community-acquired pneumonia in childhood. Medical Journal: Scientific and Practical Journal, 3, 61–65.
  11. Lee, W.-J., Huang, E.-Y., Tsai, C.-M., Kuo, K.-C., Huang, Y.-C., Hsieh, K.-S. et. al. (2016). Role of Serum Mycoplasma pneumoniae IgA, IgM, and IgG in the Diagnosis of Mycoplasma pneumoniae-Related Pneumonia in School-Age Children and Adolescents. Clinical and Vaccine Immunology, 24 (1). doi: http://doi.org/10.1128/cvi.00471-16
  12. Wishaupt, J. O., Versteegh, F. G. A., Hartwig, N. G. (2015). PCR testing for Paediatric Acute Respiratory Tract Infections. Paediatric Respiratory Reviews, 16 (1), 43–48. doi: http://doi.org/10.1016/j.prrv.2014.07.002
  13. Tsaregorodtsev, A. D., Ruzhitskaya, E. A., Kisteneva, L. B. (2017). Persistent infections in pediatrics: A modern view on the problem. Rossiyskiy Vestnik Perinatologii i Pediatrii (Russian Bulletin of Perinatology and Pediatrics), 62 (1), 5–9. doi: http://doi.org/10.21508/1027-4065-2017-62-1-5-9
  14. About the hardening of the key protocols in the field of medical help for the specialist of pulmonology (2007). The order of the Ministry of Health of Ukraine No. 128. 19.03.2007. Available at: http://old.moz.gov.ua/ua/portal/dn_20070319_128.html
  15. Garkavi, L. Kh., Kvakina, E. B., Ukolova, M. A. (1990). Adaptive reactions and body resistance. Rostov on Don: Pub. Rostov University, 224.
  16. Garkavi, L. Kh., Kvakina, E. B., Kuzmenko, T. S., Shikhlyarova, A. I. (2002). Antistress reactions and activation therapy. P. 1. Ekaterinburg: Philanthropist, 196.
  17. Gubler, E. V. (1978). Computational methods of analysis and recognition of pathological processes. Moscow: Medicine, 294.
  18. Yulish, E. I., Chernyshova, O. E., Konyushevskaya, A. A. (2014). Typical course of atypical pneumonia. Child health, 5 (56), 78–82.

Downloads

Published

2018-12-03

How to Cite

Matvienko, S. (2018). Criteria of diagnostics of intraccellular infection in children with community-acquired pneumonia. ScienceRise: Medical Science, (7 (27), 38–45. https://doi.org/10.15587/2519-4798.2018.149295

Issue

No. 7 (27) (2018)

Section

Medical Science

License

Copyright (c) 2018 Sergey Matvienko

Creative Commons License

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.

Our journal abides by the Creative Commons CC BY copyright rights and permissions for open access journals.

Authors, who are published in this journal, agree to the following conditions:

1. The authors reserve the right to authorship of the work and pass the first publication right of this work to the journal under the terms of a Creative Commons CC BY, which allows others to freely distribute the published research with the obligatory reference to the authors of the original work and the first publication of the work in this journal.

 2. The authors have the right to conclude separate supplement agreements that relate to non-exclusive work distribution in the form in which it has been published by the journal (for example, to upload the work to the online storage of the journal or publish it as part of a monograph), provided that the reference to the first publication of the work in this journal is included.