FORCED MIGRANTS’ SOCIOLOGICAL REINTEGRATION ANALYSIS

. The article defines that the term “forced migrants” refers to all those persons who, to one degree or another, are either persecuted or suffer from external hostility. Among the most frequent reasons that encourage people to move or seek refuge are several signs, including: the internally displaced person religion, individuals’ sexual orientation, and war. migration is a social and economic order phenomenon rather than legal, although in general forced migration refers to the people territorial movement because of persecution, the threat of life loss and loss of person social identification, as well as due to the absence of any possibility of full human participation in various life areas and the impossibility of the their abilities and skills implementation, in conditions where there is no political, economic or other choice. with social domestic problems the family seeking help a view to further socialization. may issues of further employment in temporary stay places or payment for child support. the main at is the determination of the immigrants’ category, who need urgent social assistance; 2) the social support provision and preventive measures in order to avoid delinquent manifestations in places of mass immigrants accommodation. The main task is to satisfy the basic psychological needs for safety, security, acceptance and social approval (to place the victim in a safe environment and to adapt to the environment, establishing successful functioning in society); 3) one of the social work’s areas is active cooperation with the media.


Introduction
In Ukraine, unprecedented phenomena have recently occurred -foreign intervention, occupation, terrorism, ATO. They have social consequences that have led to a large number of internally displaced persons and human rights violations. Such citizens of Ukraine are now called internally displaced persons, emphasizing the motives of their displacement -they are forced to leave their homes in order to save their own lives and the lives of loved ones, to avoid violence and politically motivated prosecution for their beliefs. " The number of immigrants is growing, but the scale at the moment is not yet critical. According to the estimates of the Office of the United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees, 25,000 refugees live in Ukraine. About 6-7 thousand more people seek refuge. And the fighting in the east of Ukraine and the conflict in the Crimea forced tens of thousands of people to leave their homes. On the territory of Ukraine, more than 38,000 displaced persons from the eastern regions of Ukraine and the Crimea. Among them, the majority are children, women, old people. This category of people requires special attention from state bodies and civil society.
Officially, more than 21,000 displaced people have been registered in Ukraine so far. Most of the internally displaced persons are currently registered in the Kharkov region (about 4,400 people), in Kiev (almost 3,000), as well as in Kyiv (over 2.5 thousand) and Zaporozhye (more than 2,000) regions. There are still a large number of people who have not yet registered as migrants from the conflict zone, but have moved in to live with relatives or friends. According to the Ombudsman, unofficially the number of internally displaced persons can reach 35-39 thousand people. According to the UN, as a result of the crisis in the Crimea and the Donbas in Ukraine, there are now about 55,000 displaced people.
Such foreign scholars G. Gudvill, T. Hajimanuel, V. Targonskene The article aim is to identify specific problems of reintegration of forced migrants in Zaporozhye.
The research´s basis methodology is the methods and procedures for empirical and theoretical knowledge of social reality. 395 migrants from the modular camp of Zaporizhzhya participated in the study. The results of the study gave us an opportunity to see the nature of the problems that refugees face. Task of research: -determine the legal status of forced migrants in Ukraine; -analyze the state activity on regulation of migration flows; -to form the results of the survey among the settlers in the modular camp.

Key findings
Forced migrants are a relatively new phenomenon in the migration of the population. The events in Yugoslavia, the countries of the former Soviet Union, when certain categories of the population left their homes because of the threat of ethnic cleansing, eviction, deprivation of property or other legal rights, triggered this appearance (Akmalova, 2008, p.10).
Modern international law does not regulate the issue of internally displaced persons. Previously it was thought that they appear, as a rule, as a result of civil wars, internal disorders and conflicts, and therefore do not fall under international legal regulation. At present, the problems of internally displaced persons have received an interstate character, but this has not yet been confirmed by separate agreements. The agreement on assistance to refugees and displaced persons within the framework of the UIS is the first postcard in this regard. However, even some states of this association do not participate in it (Akmalova, 2008, p.17).
Today, the issue of internally displaced persons is governed mainly by national laws, in which states attempt to equate the status of these individuals with the status of refugees. Thus, the Law of Ukraine "On Forced Migrants" determines the status of forced migrants, establishes economic, social and legal guarantees for the protection of their rights and legal interests on the territory of Ukraine in accordance with the Constitution of Ukraine, international treaties of Ukraine, and the principles and norms of international law (Law of Ukraine "About internally displaced persons", 2014).
In accordance with Article 1 of the Law of Ukraine "About Forced Migrants", an internally displaced person is a citizen of Ukraine who has changed his place of residence in order to avoid the negative consequences of armed conflict committed in relation to his or his family members violence or other forms of persecution or real danger of being persecuted on the basis of citizenship racial or ethnic affiliation, religion, language, as well as on the basis of belonging to a particular social group or political allegations that led to hostile companies against a particular person or group of individuals, mass violations of public order, violations of human rights and fundamental freedoms, as a result of famine, epidemics or natural and man-made emergencies (the Law of Ukraine "About Forced Migrants", 2014).
According to the circumstances stipulated by clause 1 of this article, a forced migrant is recognized: 1) a citizen of Ukraine who is forced to leave his place of residence on the territory of a foreign state and arrived in the territory of Ukraine; 2) a citizen of Ukraine who is forced to leave his place of residence on the territory of one subject of Ukraine and arrived in the territory of another subject of Ukraine.
A foreign citizen or a stateless person permanently residing legally on the territory of Ukraine is recognized as an internally displaced person and has changed his place of residence within the territory of Ukraine due to circumstances stipulated in paragraph 1 of this article (the Law of Ukraine "About Forced Migrants", 2014).
The technology of social work with migrants provides not only a system of assistance to individuals and groups who have been in a difficult life situation as a result of migration, but also the reorganization of the social environment, taking into account the migration situation, the nature of migration flows, the number of migrants, their categories (Alekseenko, 2006, p.116).
Government activities to regulate migration flows and assist displaced persons are called migration policies.
Migration policy is a set of socio-political concepts and views on the migration situation in the country, as well as specific organizational, legal and socio-economic measures to regulate migration processes aimed at creating conditions for the resettlement and social adaptation of migrants, internally displaced persons and refugees (Kolesnik, 1993, p.70).
The real situation of refugees and displaced persons in our country is extremely difficult, due to a number of circumstances: first, their numbers turned out to be excessive for successful social rehabilitation, adaptation, and then integration; secondly, the growth of migration flows is due to the exacerbation of the economic and political crisis, which impedes decision-making in all areas of management, including decisions in the field of migration.
Therefore, the problem of refugees and displaced persons adaptation in new places of their residence is socially and psychologically very difficult. The success of its solution depends on the optimality degree of the combination of many objective and subjective factors. Among the totality of social conditions that determine the success of solving the problem of adaptation and integration of migrants in new places of their residence, it is important to create an environment for normal relations of migrants with the local population.
Foreign and domestic experience suggests that many everyday problems of migration must be solved at the local level. It is the local authorities in partnership with central government agencies and non-governmental organizations of all kinds that play an important role in preparing the appropriate conditions for establishing normal relations between migrants and local residents (Berezhin, 1993, p.5).
Institutions of social services of the population take part in a mandatory manner and receive from it the right to receive all types of benefits and privileges granted to them by current legislation (this is not an easy job, taking into account extraordinary circumstances, frequent loss of documents). In addition, these institutions are engaged in visiting children and internally displaced persons in educational institutions in the community (and, if necessary, in rehabilitation institutions) and in the psychological rehabilitation of migrants themselves.
The technology of social work with internally displaced persons has yielded positive results with clear and well-thought-out policies and programs for forecasting migration processes and specific migration flows, migration programs, refugees and refugees in order to adapt to new local settlements. Solutions to possible problems subject to joint work The Federal Migration Service and the authorities (federal and regional authorities) allocated for migrants and residents of settlements.
In social work with internally displaced persons, there are two main types: 1) practical social work (work with a specific person or group of people in need of social assistance); 2) organizational work (organization of work of the social service, development of specific programs of activities, etc.).
The essence of social work technologies can be interpreted as a set of techniques, methods and influences of state, public and private organizations, specialists and activists aimed at helping, supporting, protecting all people, especially needy groups and groups of the population (Podshivalkina, 1997, p. 42).
In Zaporozhye city, a study was conducted that allowed us to see the total number of immigrants in a modular camp and to show the nature of the problems that refugees face, since many still cannot go through the adaptation process in a new place.
Among the surveyed residents of the modular camp, 220 immigrants were found who arrived from the Donetsk region and only 64 migrants from the Luhansk region. Such a significant figure is due to the fact that in Donetsk, as a result of the hostilities, a large number of residential buildings were destroyed and many families were left without shelter and money for survival.

Pic. 1. Resettlement Number Index
According to the survey results, it was determined that for 57% of immigrants, adaptation at a new place was not easy. A weekly psychologist collaborates with such people who tries to help solve psychological problems, as well as social workers who provide a certain number of services. In 44% of immigrants there were no problems with adaptation in a new place, a number of such immigrants quickly got used to new conditions and found a place to work.

Pic. 2. Assessment of the immigrants' adaptation level in Zaporozhye
According to the results of the answers to the question, one can trace the following dynamics of the pleasure level of needs: in 36% of immigrants, the level of adaptation was poor, and 63% of residents did not have serious problems when moving to a new place of residence (Pic. 2.).
37% of displaced persons do not have any psychological problems and have never turned to a psychologist for help. 43% of immigrants said they had no psychological problems, but attended lectures several times. 6% of immigrants repeatedly seek the help of a psychologist, who in turn provides support and conducts individual work with these people.
95% of the population have good and friendly relations in the family and support each other in every way, and only 3% have some differences in relationships that cause related conflicts.
Speaking of living conditions, 90% of migrants consider them normal and favorable for life. 10% complain about such conditions and want to live in more comfortable homes. Material welfare and financial independence for 36% of the population is less or less normal. People who entered this percentage indicated receiving social benefits in the amount of 884 hryvnias, receive a pension, young mothers receive an allowance which is paid for children, and also have a job due to which they can satisfy their needs. 64% of the immigrants of the modular camp indicate that their financial situation is very poor and there are not enough social benefits in the amount of 884 hryvnias.

Pic. 3. Assessment of the satisfaction level of the displaced people needs of the modular camp
Recall that according to the Resolution of the Cabinet of Ministers of Ukraine of 01.10.2014 No. 505 "About the provision of monthly targeted assistance to persons who move from the temporarily occupied territory of Ukraine and areas of the anti-terrorist operation, to cover living expenses, including housing and utility services", a monthly targeted assistance has been introduced for displaced persons to cover living expenses, including housing and public utilities.
Monetary assistance is provided by the Department of Labor and Social Protection of the population to citizens permanently residing in the territory of Ukraine and moving from the temporarily occupied territory of Ukraine and areas of the antiterrorist operation and is registered in this department, which is confirmed by the relevant certificate.
The allowance is appointed from the date of application and is paid for a period not exceeding six months.
Cash aid is available in the following sizes: -for disabled persons (pensioners, disabled people, children) -884 UAH per person (family member); -for able-bodied persons -442 hryvnia per person (family member). The total amount of assistance per family is calculated as the sum of the amount of assistance for each family member and cannot exceed 2400 hryvnia.
Having a job -about 32% of immigrants are having a job and they have some kind of material income, 63% are unemployed and live on social benefits, and about 5% of immigrants are retired who usually do not work, but receive pensions and social benefits.
A very small percentage of people receive disability benefits.

Level of needs satisfaction Conclusion
Summing up the results of the sociological research, we can draw the following conclusions: the social consequences of the stay of certain territories in the occupation and the antiterrorist operation still have a significant impact on the socio-economic development of the state. They cause a large number of internally displaced persons and actualize the issues of protecting their rights, creating the conditions for their livelihoods in the resettlement regions. The exacerbation of temporary migrants' problems and the study of foreign experience in solving them indicate the need for immediate action by the state to form a legislative base: obtaining the status of a forced migrant, obtaining housing, ensuring employment rights, receiving social security, creating conditions for returning to previous places of residence, and the like. For the majority of Donbass residents who were forced to leave their homes, it was not easy to settle in a new place. Almost 50% of immigrants could not adapt after the move. The list of reasons in the first place are social and financial problems, the most acute of which is the search, in their opinion, of more favorable housing than in a modular camp and employment. The following dynamics were observed: the pleasure level of needs: in 36% of immigrants, the level of adaptation was poor, and 63% of the inhabitants did not experience serious problems when moving to a new place of residence; 37% of internally displaced persons do not have any psychological problems and have never turned to a psychologist for help; 43% of immigrants said they did not have any psychological problems, but several times attended lectures 6% of immigrants repeatedly turn for help to a psychologist, who in turn provides support and conducts individual work with these people; 95% of the population have good and friendly relations in the family and support each other in every way, and only 3% have some differences in relationships that cause related conflicts; 90% of immigrants consider housing conditions as normal and favorable for life. 10% complain about such conditions and want to live in more comfortable homes. В статті розглядається вимушена міграція як явище скоріше соціального та економічного порядку, ніж правового, хоча взагалі під вимушеною міграцією мається на увазі територіальне переміщення людей через переслідування, погрози втрати життя і втрати соціальної ідентифікації особистості, а також через відсутність будь-якої можливості повноцінної участі людини в різних сферах життєдіяльності, і неможливості реалізації своїх здібностей і умінь, в умовах, коли відсутній політичний, економічний чи інший вибір.