ANALYSIS OF PECULIARITIES DEVELOPMENT OF UKRAINE’S CONSTRUCTION INDUSTRY IN COMPARISON WITH EU AND CIS COUNTRIES

Об’єктом дослідження є показники розвитку будівельної галузі України в порівнянні з країнами Євро­ пейського Союзу та Співдружності Незалежних Держав. У ході виконання дослідження використовувались методи статистичного, економічного, маркетингового і порівняльного аналізу, методи формальної логіки. В рамках проведеного дослідження проаналізовані основні аспекти розвитку будівельної галузі України. Визначено динаміку оціночних показників розвитку будівельної галузі України за 2014–2018 рр. у порівнянні з іншими країнами та динаміку структури виробництва будівельної продукції в Україні. Проведено вивчення особливостей розвитку будівельної галузі України в контексті встановлення проблем та переваг функціонування досліджуваної сфери. Аналіз зазначеного напрямку здійснено із використанням авторського підходу щодо оцінки стану розвитку будівельної галузі. За результатами оцінки встановлено, що основні показники розвитку будівельної галузі є низькими як у порівнянні з аналогічними показниками в розвинених, так в країнах, що розвиваються. А також встановлено комплексну картину розвитку буді­ вельної галузі розвинутих країнах і країн, що розвиваються (в тому числі України). Оцінка здійснювалась із застосуванням авторської методики оцінки стану та тенденцій розвитку будівельної галузі розвинених країнах і країн, що розвиваються. Наукова новизна методики полягає в тому, що пропонується підхід до оцінки рівня розвитку будівельної галузі країни через призму інтегрованих параметрів обсягу виробленої будівельної продукції (виконаних будівельних робіт) підприємствами країни, чисельності населення та території (площі) країни. Завдяки застосуванню авторської методики експрес­оцінки забезпечується можливість встановити стан та проблеми ефективності стратегій розвитку будівельної галузі України, яка в свою чергу, в порівнянні з аналогічними, має перевагу в можливості її уніфікованого застосування для оцінки ефективності стра­ тегій розвитку підприємств будівельної галузі України. Ключові слова: стратегія розвитку, обсяг виробленої будівельної продукції, індекс розвитку будівельної галузі, будівельна продукція. Bozhanova V., Kononova O., Shpatakova O.


Introduction
With increasing openness of markets, leaders of certain domestic markets, including in the construction industry, may give up and lose their competitive position to new, innovative companies that have more adaptive, flexible development strategies. The definition of a certain range of development strategies is associated with the need to understand their types, classification by one or another characteristic, or features.
The study of the main directions and development trends of the construction industry in Ukraine is quite an important task in view of the fact that this sphere occupies a leading place in the national economy and needs improvement, despite the best achievements of foreign experience. Studying the formation of construction in Ukraine will create common development vectors, determine the factors that influence such results, and evaluate contemporary features.
In this area, there is a wide range of scientific studies, for example [1], which need to be clearly systematized and highlighted. This will allow to formulate a unified approach regarding the possible types of strategies for the development of economic systems, depending on certain signs, their characteristics, and the like. So, issues related to the development of the construction industry are reflected in [2,3]. A detailed analysis of the construction industry in the global economy from the point of view of its comparison with other industries in the context of the dynamic development of globalism is first encountered in [4]. The author reveals the phenomenon of quasi-companies in the construction industry and shows its influence on the development of the industry on a global scale. But the process of developing and introducing innovations ISSN 2226-3780 as a factor in the growth and development of the construction industry in Europe is studied by the authors of [5]. In [6], the authors propose evaluating the sustainable development of the industry based on assessments of the life cycle of enterprises. There are studies on individual countries. So, in [7] the results of studies of the UK construction industry are published, which emphasizes the need for its immediate restructuring and changes in the economic paradigm of construction enterprises.
So, the analysis of the main features and development trends of the construction industry on the example of Ukraine, which is important from the point of view of identifying problems and the benefits of the functioning of the studied sphere, is relevant. Understanding the key aspects of the formation of construction in Ukraine will determine the strategic directions of activity of business entities at the present stage of development.
Thus, the object of research is the development indicators of the construction industry of Ukraine in comparison with the countries of the European Union (EU) and the Commonwealth of Independent States (CIS). And the aim of research is determination of the effectiveness of development strategies of the construction industry of Ukraine on the basis of a universal methodology of rapid assessment.

Methods of research
In the course of the research, the following methods are used: -methods of system analysis and synthesis to consider the theoretical aspects of strategic management; -methods of statistical analysis to study the state of the construction industry in Ukraine, the EU and the CIS; -methods of economic and mathematical analysis to determine the quantitative assessment and new evaluation indicators; -methods of formal logic to develop ways to improve the effectiveness of development strategies of the construction industry in Ukraine.

Research results and discussion
Tables 1, 2 present the dynamics of estimated development indicators of the construction industry of Ukraine for 2014-2018. According to the results of Tables 1, 2 it is possible to state the following, namely: 1. The volume of construction products (completed construction works) (Vcp) in Ukraine in 2014, 2015 was characterized by a reduction [10]. This trend was characteristic of many sectors of the economy during the indicated period. It is caused, in particular, by the difficult political situation in the country caused by the annexation of the Autonomous Republic of Crimea, some territories of Donetsk and Luhansk regions, military events that began in 2014, and the deterioration of economic development in all areas [10].  Denmark), and with developing countries. In particular, among the studied countries of the second category (developing), Armenia is characterized by the lowest level in terms of the indicated indicator, but the value in this country is 2.5 higher than in Ukraine. 3. Construction industry development index in relation to the country area (Icdt) in Ukraine is characterized by a decrease in 2014, in 2015, when the majority of development indicators. Since 2016, there has been some growth, and in 2018 it is equal to 0.008 USD per 1 sq.km of state territory. The obtained indicator is low, the results of Kazakhstan prevail, which, as in Ukraine, has a low level of coverage of the territory with construction objects. This applies to both residential and non-residential buildings, and engineering infrastructure (roads, waterways, railways, communications, etc.), which is in poor condition in both countries.

Conclusions
The features of the development of the construction industry in Ukraine are studied in the context of establishing the problems and advantages of the functioning of the studied sphere. The analysis of this direction is carried out using the author's approach to assessing the state of development of the construction industry. According to the results of the assessment, it is found that the main indicators of the development of the construction industry are low both in comparison with similar indicators in developed and developing countries. The key features of the functioning of the construction industry in Ukraine are studied and characterized, in particular: 1) decrease in the volume of production of products in this sector in 2014, in 2015. From political, military, economic processes, and the restoration of development, starting in 2016, caused by a certain stabilization of the economy; 2) steady trend throughout 2017, 2018 to reduce the construction of buildings and the growth of construction of engineering infrastructure (mainly, repair and reconstruction of bridges, roads); 3) growth trend of the construction and repair of social infrastructure facilities (schools, dispensaries, kindergartens, etc.), starting in 2018, taking into account the decentralization processes and the ability of local communities to manage local budget funds.
The author's technique presented in the work can be used to expand the methodological support of the indicated problems, and its provisions can be used for educational and methodological materials, empirical studies of industry enterprises. The research results will be useful in the practical application of this technique and provide for ease of operationalization, eliminate the need to attract external experts, and allow to evaluate a wide range of development parameters.