Development of a Model of Integrated Risk and Conflict Management of Scientific Project Stakeholders Under Conditions of Behavioral Economy

The object of research is the processes of conflict and risk management of stakeholders of a scientific project, in particular the project team, the main executors of the project (scientists) and other stakeholders, in a behavioral economy. At the present stage of the country’s development, scientists work in very difficult conditions, in particular: limited resources (material, human, financial, time and others). The complexity of internal and external processes of a scientific project and the relationship between its stakeholders leads to risks and conflicts that may be caused by behavioral factors. Therefore, it is necessary to systematically approach the analysis of scientific project stakeholders, develop a unified approach to integrated risk and conflict management of scientific project stakeholders in a behavioral economy.<br><br>The paper proposes a model of integrated risk and conflict management of a scientific project in a behavioral economy, which is based on the following stages:<br><br>– identification of stakeholders and related risks, conflicts and behavioral economics that may arise in the planning and implementation of a scientific project and have an impact on it;<br><br>– building a model of integrated risk and conflict management of stakeholders of a scientific project in a behavioral economy;<br><br>– the modeling of integrated risk and conflict management of stakeholders of the scientific project in the conditions of behavioral economy is carried out on the basis of the identified risks, conflicts and factors of behavioral economy.<br><br>The developed model of integrated risk and conflict management of stakeholders in a behavioral economy will analyze the main factors influencing stakeholders, including risks, conflicts and behavioral economics, on the scientific project. The use of the principles of integrated management of various factors allows to determine the sources and causes of complications that may arise in the scientific project, and the simulation results will be useful to the project manager and its team in the planning and implementation of the project.


Introduction
The project approach is successfully implemented in the world. Today, there are many different project management methodologies that provide effective and efficient tools for project management. The success of any project, including scientific, depends on meeting the needs and requirements of its stakeholders. Project stakeholder management includes the processes needed to identify people, groups, and organizations that may have an impact on the project and the project on them, to analyze their expectations and their impact on the project. In addition, the development of appropriate management strategies to effectively involve stakeholders in decision-making and project implementation [1,2].
An important further development in this direction is the integration of various areas of management related to the im-pact of human resources and stakeholders, including risks, conflicts and behavioral factors of the stakeholders of the scientific project. This will ensure the successful completion of its implementation within the established time, budget and quality.

The object of research and its technological audit
The object of research is the processes of conflict and risk management of stakeholders of the scientific project, in particular the project team, the main executors of the pro ject (scientists) and other stakeholders, in a behavioral economy.
In [3] the application of the project approach to the management of scientific activity was analyzed, in particular, its features and characteristics were identified, which allowed to provide a definition of the term «scientific ISSN 2664-9969 project». In addition, [4] considered the factors of behavioral economics, which showed that human behavior in real life is significantly different from ideal rational behavior. Also, due to the fact that scientific projects are time-consuming, special attention should be paid to the identification of personnel risks of scientific projects that can lead to conflicts [5].
Every project, including a scientific one, has stakeholders who are affected by the project or can affect it in a positive or negative way. Therefore, the ability of the project manager to correctly identify and properly manage all stakeholders can determine the success or failure of the project. Thus, it is promising to develop effective and efficient tools for integrated risk and conflict management of a scientific project in a behavioral economy.

The aim and objectives of research
The aim of research is to develop of a model of integrated risk and conflict management of a scientific project under conditions of behavioral economy. This is aimed at ensuring the success of the scientific project within the established time, approved budget and obtaining a scientific product of appropriate quality. To achieve this aim it is necessary to complete the following objectives: 1. Identify stakeholders of scientific project and identification of personnel risks, conflicts and behavioral economics related to them.
2. Substantiate the need to integrate risk and conflict management of stakeholders in a behavioral economy.
3. Model the integration of risk, conflict and behavioral economics management associated with stakeholders of scientific project.

Research of existing solutions of the problem
The Project Management Knowledge Guide [1] provides recommendations for project management in general from the perspective of each individual area of knowledge, including risk management and stakeholders. And in [2] the individual competencies that are necessary for project, program and portfolio management are defined. But these documents do not have recommendations and requirements for conflict management and consideration of behavioral economics.
Many scientists have paid special attention to the study of human resources in any activity, including design. The paper [6] proposed the theory of stakeholders, which investigated that stakeholders have a significant impact on any activity, goal achievement and satisfaction of needs. This study examines in more detail the identification of stakeholders and the definition of their values, but risks, conflicts, and behavioral economics have not been considered.
In [7], the authors draw parallels between the technical and human components of project management and concluded that the main feature of a successful project is human resources, which can have both negative and positive effects on project implementation. Only risks and conflicts were highlighted, but behavioral factors were not taken into account.
The authors in [8,9] proposed to take into account the creative and social components of man to ensure the success of activities and quality communication. This may be the basis for developing a new model of integrated management.
In works [10,11] the complex methodology of risk management in any activity, in particular project, which can become a basis for the analysis of risks in scientific projects is resulted.
A new component of the project management methodology is proposed, in particular the conflict management of the scientific project [12], which includes the processes of project conflict management planning, conflict identification, conflict analysis, conflict response planning, conflict response and conflict monitoring. The implementation of these processes will allow the project manager and its team to take aware and controlled risk of project implementation in order to create value. This study can be considered in the process of integrating areas of project management knowledge such as risks and conflicts, taking into account the factors of behavioral economics.
The study of emotional intelligence as a driver of the development of breakthrough competencies in the project [13] is one of the factors of behavioral economics and can be taken into account in the process of identifying them in scientific projects.
In [14], modern approaches to the formation of «behavioral economy», its specifics in terms of decision-making processes in project management and anomalies that affect these processes. A meaningful model of diagnostics of application of models and methods of project management in «behavioral economy» is given. Patterns of behavior of project managers in project product creation and project management are studied. Such patterns will identify bottlenecks in the application of modern project management methodologies in a «behavioral economy».
Possibilities of applying the principles of behavioral economics in any field of activity, in particular in science, were analyzed in [4,15] and found that irrational human behavior can lead to failure. In addition, behavioral economics factors were identified in [16,17]. These studies can be the basis for the identification of behavioral economics in scientific projects.
Thus, based on the results of the analysis of scientific works, it can be concluded that in most cases the successful implementation of the project and meeting the needs of its stakeholders depends on the skills and abilities of the project team. In addition, an important factor is the professional and competency and leadership qualities of the project manager, as well as its ability to avoid or prevent the impact of risks, conflicts and behavioral economics. Therefore, there is a need to develop a model of integrated risk and conflict management scientific project stakeholders taking into account the factors of behavioral economics.

Methods of research
It is assumed that the construction of a model of integrated risk and conflict management of a scientific project in a behavioral economy is based on the following stages: 1. Stakeholders and related risks, conflicts and behavioral factors that may arise in the planning and implementation of a scientific project and have an impact on it are identified.
2. Construct a model of integrated risk management and conflict scientific project stakeholders in terms of behavioral economics.
3. Based on the identified risks, conflicts and factors of behavioral economics, the modeling of integrated risk and conflict management of stakeholders of a scientific project in a behavioral economy is carried out.
Because the project management standard [1] contains detailed key concepts and considerations for the adaptation of project management processes, as well as for the use of ISSN 2664-9969 tools and methods in project implementation. Therefore, it is necessary to integrate several areas of knowledge for more effective management of a scientific project. In addition, project management views the decision-maker as a rational person, but in today's world, scientists are increasingly paying attention to the study of irrational human behavior, in particular, acting in conditions of risk, uncertainty and conflict.

Research results
To build a model of integrated risk and conflict management of a scientific project in a behavioral economy, one of the first tasks is to identify stakeholders, risks, conflicts and behavioral economics factors related to their activities or inactions.
Stakeholder identification is the process of regularly identifying project stakeholders, as well as analyzing and documenting relevant information about their interests, involvement, interdependence, impact and potential impact on project success [1]. The results of stakeholder identification are given in Fig. 1.
The next step is to identify personnel risks of the scientific project. The complexity of personnel risk management is due to the fact that many types of personnel risks are not obvious, as they are related to human resources, which are based on the nature and essence of the individual, which is the most complex object of management [5,10].
Thus, personnel risks are risks associated with the recruitment of project staff, involvement in certain types of work, organization of its work in a team, development, motivation and other areas of personnel work [10,11]. Personnel risk management begins at the stage of project planning and human resource management of the project and covers all stages of the project life cycle [1,5,11].
The sources of personnel risks include the external and internal environment of the project. The main causes of personnel risks are incomplete or inaccurate information, perception of information and the possibility of making the wrong decision by the manager or executor, lack or low level of staff involvement in the project [1,5]. Personnel risks arise as a result of manifestations of professional, business and personal qualities of the personnel of the enterprise and include such types as psychophysiological, personal, communicative, moral, educational, professional and qualification risks and risks of unreliability.
The results of identification of personnel risks of the scientific project are given in Table 1 [5]. Using the tool proposed in [12], let's identify conflicts in a scientific project. The purpose of conflict management of a scientific project is to maximize the probability of its successful completion by increasing the probability of positive conflicts and strengthening their impact; reducing the likelihood of negative conflicts and weakening their impact. Based on this, the main types of conflicts are identified during the planning and implementation of scientific projects, which are given in Table 2 [18].
In order to reduce the impact of irrational behavior of stakeholders, it is proposed to apply the principles of behavioral economics in the management of scientific projects.
The study of behavioral economics is based on experimental observations, various types of research, surveys, testing, but recently increasingly used econometric analysis of data collected during field research [4,15,17].
Fundamental in the theory of behavioral economics is the rejection of the theory of traditional rational behavior and analysis of the irrational component of the behavior of economic agents. After all, this requires understanding and studying the irrational grain behind human feelings, thoughts and actions. Based on all the research conducted, behaviorists conclude that people make all sorts of management decisions that do not always correspond to the model of rational choice.
Behaviorists suggest that by analyzing the psychological aspects of decision making, it is possible to predict behavioral errors that may be made by individuals and analyze the influence of mental states of individuals on their behavior in making important management decisions [15,16].
The results of the identification of behavioral economics factors are given in Table 3. Risks, conflicts and behavior of any stakeholder of a scientific project,  as well as any other, can lead to disruption of its implementation or to its timely and high-quality completion. Therefore, it is proposed to develop a model of integrated risk and conflict management of stakeholders in a behavioral economy, which are given in Fig. 2.
Based on the information, which are given in Fig. 1 and Tables 1-3, it is possible to give correspondence of stakeholders and their risks, conflicts and factors of behavioral economy which can lead to failure of realization of the scientific project (Fig. 3). Table 2 The main types of conflicts of the scientific project  Impossibility for any project participant to find a common language with others in the process of its planning and implementation. Non-implementation of the communication plan in the scientific project, which may contribute to the failure of the project and the emergence of risks, uncertainty and conflict

BEF14 Egocentrism
The focus of the project participant on their own goals, aspirations and experiences and the inability as a result to perceive another person as a different person. Such behavior in a scientific project can lead to risks, uncertainty and conflict, as well as loss of resources (human, material, time), failure to perform project work, etc.
Note: * -built on data [4,[15][16][17] ISSN 2664-9969 The identification of scientific project stakeholders and their risks, conflicts and factors of behavioral economics made it possible to model the integrated risk and conflict management of scientific project stakeholders in a behavioral economy.
These results will be useful to the project manager and its team in the process of its planning and implementation.

SWOT analysis of research results
Strengths. The developed model of integrated risk and conflict management of stakeholders in a behavioral economy allows to analyze the main factors influencing stakeholders, including risks, conflicts and behavioral economics, on the scientific project.
The use of the principles of integrated management of various factors allows to determine the sources and causes of complications that may arise in the scientific project, and the simulation results will be useful to the project manager and its team in the process of planning and implementation.
Weaknesses. At this stage of the study there is no single approach to integrated risk management, conflict and behavioral economics of stakeholders of a scientific project, which would comprehensively characterize the success of such a project. Under certain conditions, this can complicate the identification and analysis of stakeholder impact.
Opportunities. The proposed model of integrated risk and conflict management of stakeholders in a behavioral economy allows the following: -to identify the stakeholders of the scientific project and their risks, conflicts and behavioral economics at the planning stage; -to determine the impact of risks, conflicts and behavioral economics factors on scientific project stakeholders, which will be the basis for developing a unified approach to integrated risk and conflict management of scientific project stakeholders in a behavioral economy. Threats. Achieving the success of a scientific project is possible under the condition of integrated management of risks, conflicts and factors of behavioral economics.

Conclusions
1. Stakeholders in the scientific project and identified personnel risks, conflicts and related behavioral economics are identified. This approach allows to quickly analyze the main factors influencing the stakeholders of a scientific project at the planning stage.
2. The necessity of integration of risk and conflict management of stakeholders in the conditions of behavioral economy is substantiated. This will allow for comprehensive planning of risk, conflict and behavioral economics of stakeholders for the successful completion of a scientific project.
3. The integration of risk, conflict and behavioral economics management, which is related to the stakeholders of the scientific project, is modeled. As a result, a model of integrated risk and conflict management of scientific project stakeholders under conditions of behavioral economy is developed, which combined separate areas of project management knowledge. This result provides an effective tool for integrated management of risks, conflicts and behavioral economics of stakeholders, which will be useful in the process of studying the irrational behavior of stakeholders of any project.