EconoMIc ASPEctS of thE Kr-XE MIXturE ProDuctIon AnD EnrIchMEnt

s and references 69 Technology audiT and producTion reserves — No 3/3(17), 2014 EconoMIc ASPEctS of thE Kr-XE MIXturE ProDuctIon AnD EnrIchMEnt


IMPAct of GLoBALIZAtIon on uKrAInIAn rEtAIL trADE page 10-13
The impact of globalization on Ukrainian retail trade was deter mined. In recent years, trade has become not only an integral part of the economic structure, but also the way of impact on society. The retail sector acquires more and more important role -as the most important economic activity.
Economic transformations, taking place in the country, in recent years has greatly changed the face of consumer market by in creasing the number of producers, product saturation and enhancing the com petition among sellers.
In Ukraine, the process of globalization in retail trade has began in the late 1990s with the opening of the first supermarkets and hypermarkets now known as retail trade networks in the capital and cities with populations of over one million, and their subsequent distribution in major regional centers.
The increase in real incomes and the ability of consumer buyers to get loans has become the main factors, promoting the development of network trade.
In recent years, there has been a positive dynamic of growth in retail trade turnover, influenced either by global trends or specific features of Ukrainian retail development. Due to the presence of large retailers, the level of market concentration increases. A techni cal advantage of large retailers provides the cost efficiency.
The results have shown that due to the presence of large retailers, the level of market concentration increases. The technical advantage of large retailers provides the cost efficiency.
Keywords: trade, network, retail, market, macro environment, globalization, entrepreneurship, business, promotion, consumer.  The stochastic optimization model of active and passive transac tions in the conditions of uncertainty and risk of bank functioning is given in the article. The objective function of this model is the receiv ing of maximum profit, and restrictions are used for modeling balance conditions to attract and use of cash resources. This was due to the lack of elucidation in both domestic and foreign literature of the tasks concerning optimization of administrative decisions of banks that function under uncertainty and the risk of predicted revenue from the attraction and use of funds. The study found that the eco nomicmathematical model of a bank will combine two approaches as a financial intermediary, which has over time to maximize its value, and as a regulated organization that ensures reliable operation of the financial and credit system. Therefore, opportunities are presented to optimize control process of deposit and lending policies of banks using economicmathematical modeling of banking operations, tak ing into account the stochastic conditions of bank functioning. These data are useful and important for the optimization of the active and passive banking operations in order to maximize the bank profits from the given operations.
Keywords: economic and mathematical modeling, deposit and loan bank operations, bank risks.  The influence of the information providing on management of the tourist enterprises is considered, as reformation changes of econo my, sharpening and dynamics of competitive activity at the market of tourist services, information saturation cause the permanent changes of competition status of the tourist enterprises.
It is proved the following needs of the tourist enterprises to optimize their performance: the creation of a database of tourism resources and tourism products in Ukraine; combining remote offices in a common network with a single base; application of marketing tools to promote national tourism product in Ukraine and in the world; participation in international tourism fairs and exhibitions to promote national tourism product; creation, positioning and brand promotion of tourism in Ukraine.
It is proved that the proper information is necessary to optimize the potential tourist information flows. This will regulate the number of tourists that can simultaneously be within a certain area.
The main econometric models such as linear, parabolic, polyno mial ones are suggested to be used.
It is highlighted the attention to the fact that the coefficients of econometric models need to be calculated and their credibility need to be assessed, using a system of normal equations or application software.
The application for the adequacy of the econometric model to FFisher criterion is grounded.
These models can be used for predicting tourist flows. Keywords: information system, management of tourism enterprises, information technology, econometric models, FFisher criterion. The need for implementing system methods in the management of occupational hazards is substantiated in the paper. A scientific and ISSN 2226-3780 ethodological approach to implementing the system methods of the occupational hazard management in the enterprise safety control system, based on the formalization of an occupational safety system, identification of ways and steps in implementing the system methods in the occupational hazard management was proposed.
The need for scientific and practical developments in this area is justified by the development of labor protection approaches taking into account the international standards recommendations, in which conceptual ways of managing occupational hazards are given.
A systematic approach to occupational hazard management is characterized by determining a goal based on the created policy, sequential actions to achieve the goals, checking the extent of their achievement.
Implementing the systematic approach to reduce the threat of exposure to hazardous and harmful factors and to identify ways of their elimination on the basis of preventive measures will allow assessing, analyzing and improving the results of occupational haz ard management. This can increase the level of work safety in the workplace.
Keywords: management, occupational hazard, methods, stan dards, efficiency, analysis.  The development of the biofuels sector largely depends on the political factors. The European Union decision, concerning the re duction of the share of the 1st generation biocomponents in transport fuels is a threat to the Polish industrial production of biofuels, which is 100 per cent based on the firstgeneration biofuels. Distilleries, producing bioethanol added to gasoline are particularly at risk. The difficult situation touches the oil pressing plants (esters added to diesel). The hazard primarily affects smaller plants of the biofuel sector. National giants, who intend to invest in the second and third generation biofuels that are not derived from food products are in a slightly better situation.
Polish example, which has invested substantial financial re sources in the development of the 1st generation biofuels, reaching its highest share in transport fuels in Europe, shows that in the case of Ukraine, the choice of strategy in the production of biofuels should be preceeded by a thorough analysis of the trends that are taking place in the European Union, including Poland. Therefore, there is a need to further study the situation in the EU biofuels, as well as for close scientific cooperation with Polish academics.
Keywords: transport biofuels, renewable energy, biofuels sector, Poland, European Union, Ukraine.  Key factors of an innovative model concerning economic deve lopment, which have not been considered yet or have been con sidered partially in the models of intensive as well as extensive deve lopment, are presented in the paper. Taking into account a significant lagging of Ukrainian enterprises from the world's advanced econo mies in terms of innovative activity, the necessity of introducing an innovative mechanism, fostering innovative activities at enterprises, has been substantiated. Basing on researches of the essence of cont rol mechanism, approaches to structuring the control mechanism, main principles of development of enterprises, a conceptual scheme of preparing an innovative mechanism for the development of an in dustrial enterprise has been suggested. The scheme concerns a clear awareness of enterprise's problems and recognition of its innovative potentials aiming at solution of the problems. The peculiar feature of the scheme implies shifting the mentality of domestic managers and improving their understanding of the nature of an innovative deve lopment, i.e. upgrading their openmindedness to innovations. The essence of basic steps for preparing an innovative mechanism is of fered in the paper. In addition, the peculiarities of principle elements of an innovative mechanism and the suggestions concerning innova tive instruments are defined. The latter will be employed into the process of implementing the mechanism into practice of enterprises.
Keywords: innovation, innovative mechanism, innovative deve lopment, enterprise, scheme.  Many national and foreign scientific works deal with the prob lem of innovative labor activation. However, the issues, associated with the organizational support of activation of innovative labor of specialists remain insufficiently elaborated. In this paper, it is proposed to create a department of activation of innovative labor of specialists, which would be able to develop, implement and control effective activation programs that will allow to get good innovative results from the innovative labor. The scheme of the main stages for determining the size of the department of activation of innovative labor of specialists taking into account the features of innovative labor, its performers and their functions is given. The scheme of creating the department of activation of innovative labor of spe cialists with the corresponding stages is presented. It is proposed to add the head -the department manager to the department of acti vation of innovative labor. The formula for calculating the required number of workers in the created department is provided. Forming the department of activation of innovative labor of specialists will allow to develop, implement, control innovative labor programs that will promote achieving good innovative results and allow the Ukrai nian economy to pass to an innovative level.
Keywords: activation of innovative labor of specialists, depart ment of activation of innovative labor of specialists, functions.  The dependence of forming, using and developing the economic potential of the enterprise on macroenvironmental factors is studied. The appropriateness of assessing the favorability level of external environment, especially in dynamic market conditions is substan tiated. The necessity to consider external factors when assessing the economic potential of the enterprise is proved, which will allow to determine «macro» causes of underuse of actual potential and un timely involvement of promising resources and development oppor tunities. A set of assessment indicators, which are grouped into five components: innovation, investment, personnel, financial and market factors is given. Herewith, the impact of each on the economic po tential of the economic entity is described. Calculation of the overall favorability indicator of the external environment using the index method based on taxonomic assessment of its individual elements is proposed. Numerical and graphical results of the macroenvironment evaluation for the period from 2002 to 2012 are presented, the analy sis of the calculated indices is carried out. The results obtained will allow to more accurately determine the causes of underuse of the economic potential of the enterprise and form the general develop ment directions of the economic entity in the future.
Keywords: economic potential, macroenvironment, index me thod, taxonomic analysis. The theoretical formation bases of the socioeconomic mechanism of innovative development of industrial enterprises are outlined in the paper. Main reasons of the necessity for the mechanism forma tion are singled out, and own definition of this category is given. The basic principles and requirements that must be considered when forming the socioeconomic mechanism are provided. The formation scheme of the socioeconomic mechanism of innovative development of industrial enterprise that combines the basic abovementioned elements is presented.
The aim of the work is to determine the scientific formation bases of the socioeconomic mechanism of innovative development of industrial enterprises taking into account current economic features.
As the result of the research, it is found that increasing the effi ciency of industrial enterprise depends largely on the formation and functioning of the socioeconomic mechanism of innovative develop ment. Studying its formation bases has shown that the innovative development mechanism is an integrated complex object, consisting of many elements that require diverse system integration, based on the multidimensionality of its internal and external relations that can be presented by a set of groups.
Formation bases of the socioeconomic mechanism of innovative development, defined in the paper are useful since taking them into account allows to stimulate, optimize and improve the innovative activities of the enterprise considering the severe socioeconomic conditions of industrial enterprise.

EntErPrISE PErSonnEL MotIVAtIon ProcESS AnD ItS coMPonEntS page 46-50
Despite the large number of research papers and efforts of scien tists, problems of personnel motivation for efficient work are still have not solved. Lack of knowledge of the problem of motivation process and its components that enhance the workers' interest in the final results, as well as their theoretical and practical importance have determined the choice of topic and relevance of our work. The paper deals with studying the personnel motivation process. The is sues of analyzing the theoretical basis for the comprehensive descrip tion of the motivation process and its components are considered in the paper. The motivation process is examined in detail and its com ponents, in particular, those that would be the most appropriate for use in the current economic conditions are identified. The main moti vation components that determine human behavior such as motives, needs, interests and incentives are singled out. It is determined that the motivation component is important not only for the employee himself, but also for managers, who seek to achieve the best results with the staff. The necessity to distinguish between two motivation types -internal and external is defined, which is important since the employee's behavior is determined not only by internal motivation, which is part of a personal motivational sphere, but also by external motivation. It is found that in most cases motivation is internally aroused though dependent on external factors, which means that ex ternal components have a significant impact on internal motivation components as human needs depend on the environment and change with it. Determining the fact that motivation can have significant outside pressure and take externally organized nature is essential in

MonEtAry PoLIcy InStruMEntS In thE SyStEM of ADJuStMEnt of EXtErnAL PAyMEntS IMBALAncES page 54-57
A brief overview of theoretical concepts of adjustment of exter nal payments imbalances and analysis of the role of monetary policy instruments in the conditions of transformation of monetary policy in Ukraine are given in the paper. The relevance of the study, in the author's opinion, is justified by several factors: firstly, the existing research work mostly covers the period of using a fixed exchange rate in Ukraine, while the effects of switching to inflation tar geting, transition to the national currency floating and increased use of other monetary policy instruments are underinvestigated; secondly, the economic crisis of the 2007-2008th, the economic recession in the postcrisis period, threatening growth dynamics of the current account deficit and change of monetary policy targets, declared by the National Bank of Ukraine resume the relevance of the balance of payments equilibration. During the study the author has concluded that stabilization measures of the NBU, which are to diversify the instruments of monetary policy of the National Bank of Ukraine in the I quarter of the 2014, namely to abandon the fixed exchange rate and currency interventions, increase the use of interest rate policy have proved to be effective.
Keywords: current payments imbalances, discount monetary policy, foreign currency interventions, international reserves. The paper proposes to introduce the educational technology for training agrarians with the innovative nature of future activities, who are able to create an intellectual product, obtain legal protection of research and technological developments with their subsequent com mercialization. To do this, the method and techniques for integrated implementation of the intellectual property principles in the aca demic and scientific process of the Poltava State Agrarian Academy are elaborated. The results of implementing the proposed technology are given. A realization scheme of innovative activity in the academy, based on the intellectual property principles is presented. Using the proposed technology ensures fulfilling the functions of the higher edu cational institution in the development of the innovation econo my. The efficiency of using the proposed developments in increasing the activity of scientific and technological cooperation with the agro industrial enterprises, innovative development of the agricultural sector and improving specialists training is substantiated.
Keywords: innovation economy, educational process, technical creativity, intellectual property.