Eastern-European Journal of Enterprise Technologies

Patterns of the state-legal support to the dynamic information development of the socio-economic environment

2023-08-14T20:18:07+03:00

The object of research is the process of state-legal provision of dynamic informational development of the socio-economic environment. It was determined that under modern conditions, the state-legal provision of dynamic informational development of the socio-economic environment consists in creating favorable conditions for the institutions of civil society. This should be implemented by the state in the form of authorized state authorities using a set of methods and means, as well as indirect influence through other socially important institutions, taking into account the development of scientific and technical progress. It is necessary to emphasize the economic, social, and legal criteria of society, which together form an effective basis for the development of the state. These criteria include economic and social freedom, which is possible only in a society with a market economy, where there is the right to choose any form of ownership and types of entrepreneurial activity, within the limits of legislation. Social criteria include self-governance and initiative of members of society; openness, i.e., free access to all sources of information.

The indicators of the dynamic range of the employed people in all types of economic activity in Ukraine, the number of the employed people aged 15–70 by professional groups, and the indicators of the dynamic range of innovation costs were analyzed. Using Mann-Whitney U-test calculations, as well as Spearman's rank correlation coefficient, established that the rank correlation coefficient is statistically not significant and the rank correlation between the scores of the two tests is insignificant.

Based on the results of the research, a map of the state-legal provision of dynamic information development of the socio-economic environment is proposed

Directions for improving the system of guarantees for participants in technology transfer

2023-08-15T21:12:35+03:00

The object of this study is to determine the essence, place, and role of the guarantees of technology transfer participants in the general system of innovative support measures and the formation of proposals for their improvement. General approaches to determining the essence of guarantees to participants in technology transfer as a special means of regulation were summarized. The experience of the World Trade Organization, the European Union, the Organization for International Cooperation and Development, and other countries has been analyzed regarding the methods and techniques by which these guarantees are provided. It has been established that the existing guarantee systems are not capable of fully meeting all the needs of technology transfer subjects. Guarantees to technology transfer participants were categorized in accordance with formalized criteria. The expediency of improving existing systems of guarantees to participants in the field of technology transfer has been substantiated, and the main directions of such improvement have been formed. A generalized definition of technology as a special object of relations regarding its transfer has been formed. It is proposed to unify the definition of technology at the international and national levels. The expediency of maintaining minimum guarantees of rights for technology developers regarding the amount of remuneration for the transfer of rights to technology and other essential conditions of its transfer was substantiated. Directions for improving the essential terms of technology transfer agreements were proposed.

The study is aimed at forming general theoretical foundations for improving the system of guarantees of participants in relations in the field of technology transfer. The generated research results can be used in the formation of international normative acts, acts of national legislation within the framework of regulation of these relations and serve as a basis for further scientific research on these issues

Convergence of educational technologies as an imperative for the development of innovation cooperation in the context of circular transformation

2023-08-22T14:53:58+03:00

The object of the study is the process of convergence of educational technologies as an imperative for the development of innovative cooperation under the conditions of circular transformation. The central element of circular transformations is a person who must quickly react and adapt to changes in the external environment and solve management problems through systematic professional growth. This can be achieved thanks to the introduction of high-quality modern educational technologies, which require both special knowledge of the theory and practice of management, as well as personal development qualities.

To achieve a state of sustainable development, managers making management decisions must quickly respond and adapt to changes in the external environment to solve various management problems. This requires systematic professional growth through the transition to high-quality new educational technologies.

Combining the principles of global cooperation, defining the key imperatives of sustainable development and finding innovative measures of cooperation under the renewed conditions of the circular economy must be based on education.

The main generally accepted indicator of the level of development of any country in the world is GDP. But under conditions of uncertainty and change, the real state of development and progress can be determined using the Genuine Progress Indicator (GPI), which is an integral indicator.

One of the main issues is the determination of the level of sustainable development in the context of circular transformations, taking into account the influence of the level of education and existing approaches to its assessment. If we take into account that the conditions for cyclical transformations must occur, including through raising the level of education and the constant transfer of education into practice, then the inclusion of the Index of the level of education is necessary to calculate the real state of development of any country

Ensuring sustainable development of a region in the strategic period

2023-08-01T10:54:55+03:00

The stability of the region's development, like any system, depends on the effective balance of its subsystems. The effectiveness of subsystems is enhanced by the effective performance of a set of their key components, which depends on the optimization of certain elements by establishing rational relationships between them. Accordingly, the object of the study is the process of rationalization of the constituent elements of territorial community development programs. To solve this issue, a methodical approach to determining the level of development of the region and ensuring its stability in the strategic period is proposed through the rationalization of the effects of mutually determined implementation of business processes of alternative development projects of territorial communities. The expediency of using the coefficient of synchronicity of business processes of certain regional development projects to determine the level of regional development was substantiated. The use of the synchronicity coefficient to ensure the stable development of the respective region is due to the obtained possibility of balancing the specific competitive advantages of territorial communities strengthened by certain effects. These effects are the results of the implementation of optimally formed portfolios of development projects through rational relationships between specific business processes based on the principle of maximum adaptability of their components. The value of the coefficient of synchronicity of the business processes of the portfolio of development projects of Zabolottivsʹka UTC (0.637) made it necessary to take possible measures for their rationalization by implementing individual effects from the interaction of specific business processes. That has made it possible to increase the synchronicity of these business processes to 0.816 and to determine the direction of the possible integration of the studied UTC with other communities with the help of the formed development potential reserves

Designing a platform-based model of civic participation within the smart-city concept for post-war Ukrainian cities

2023-08-01T21:53:59+03:00

The object of research is the concept of a smart city. The study considered the problem of interaction between local authorities and citizens in a smart city based on a platform approach. It was determined that the human-centric concept of a smart city involves representing the functions of the city government in the form of specific public services, the purpose of which is to satisfy the needs of citizens. Public participation and active citizenship are recognized as a key component of smart city development. The mechanisms of public participation in the smart city include information, consultations, discussions, public control of finances and joint funds. Multiple digital communication channels, including social networks, instant messengers, websites, e-mail, and various platforms for citizen appeals, could be used simultaneously to communicate through these mechanisms. This leads to a decrease in the effectiveness of interaction. As a result, information related to active public participation on official city websites is fragmented and often out of date. The scalable digital platform serves as a single environment for the exchange of information and resources between citizens and authorities and helps reduce the time and resources spent on organizing such communications. An example of the development of a digital service on the blockchain is given, implemented in the Bitbon decentralized information platform of Ukrainian origin. The practical application consists in ensuring broad citizen participation in filling funds and monitoring their financial transparency. The results of the implementation of platforms for the development of smart cities are organizing open data, encouraging stakeholders to participate in city management, developing innovative creativity and open dialog

Modernization of public administration in Eastern Europe in the context of implementation of digitalization

2023-08-08T19:34:22+03:00

The European Union is taking significant steps and supporting the efforts of member countries to improve the quality of public services. The requirements for the digitization of the latter, to improve communication links, highlight the relevance of the research topic by shifting the emphasis to the indirect assessment of the impact of technology transfer in the field of public administration on citizens' satisfaction with public services.

The object of research in this work is the public administration models of the selected countries. The research hypothesis assumes that membership in the EU has a significant impact on the efficiency of public services. Given this, there is an opportunity to transfer technologies, namely technologies of state management.

The countries of Eastern Europe were selected for the study. The work is based on the limitations inherent in the EU accession process.

For evaluation, three regression models were proposed for use in practice. These are a baseline model, a fixed-effects model to account for unobserved differences between countries, and a model with additional factors. The specified models were estimated using the least-square method (LSM). Based on the calculations of the first model, it was determined that the coefficient is statistically significant at the level of 1 %, which explains 12.6 % of the variation in the Index of Public Services (IPS). The results of the estimation of the second model make it possible to estimate IPS more accurately by 0.68. Based on the results of the calculation of the third model, the features of the influence of GDP and IPS were determined.

The results prove that the accession of Eastern European countries to the EU has a significant impact on the efficiency of public services. In this case, the possibility of technology transfer appears. Digitization of public administration is an innovative technology that allows bringing the citizen and the state closer together as efficiently as possible

Identification of influence of digital twin technologies on production systems: a return on investment-based approach

2023-07-05T18:25:18+03:00

The object of this study is the impact of different digital twin solutions on the performance of job-shop manufacturing systems, while economic aspects are also taken into consideration. This paper proposes an approach to analyze the impact of different identification systems on the efficiency and ROI of digital twin deployment in production systems. In order to achieve this aim, let’s analyze the investment and operation cost of different Internet of Things technologies. The next phase of the research work was the definition of performance parameters, which makes it possible to analyze the impact of different digital twin solutions on the productivity of the job-shop manufacturing system. It is possible to choose four financial indicators to analyze the economic impact of digital twin solution on job-shop manufacturing: return on investment, compound annual growth rate, internal rate of return and net present value. Our approach is based on a novel agent-based simulation model using AnyLogic simulation tool. From the results of this productivity analyses, the model computes the financial indicators, which describe the expected financial impact of the investment and operation cost. It is compared the impact of barcodes and radiofrequency identification technologies on the financial and technological impact of the job-shop manufacturing environment. The numerical analysis of a job-shop manufacturing system shows, that the radiofrequency identification-based digital twin solution has 9.2 % higher return on investment, 53 % higher net present value and 1.6 % higher compound annual growth rate. The model can be easily converted to analyze other types of manufacturing systems, which can lead to increased efficiency of digital twin solutions

Implementation of accounting information systems and information technology (IT) in the sustainability of the developed economic units

2023-08-26T15:56:24+03:00

This paper focuses on the implementation of accounting information systems (AIS) and information technology (IT) in the sustainability of developed economic units. The objectives of this study are to characterize economic units, study the application of AIS, explain the effectiveness of AIS and IT on economic units, and investigate the role of IT specialists. To achieve these objectives, a comprehensive analysis is conducted to understand the nature, structure, and operations of developed economic units. The study explores how AIS are implemented and utilized within these units, examining the processes, procedures, and technologies involved in collecting, storing, processing, and reporting financial and non-financial data. Additionally, the impact and effectiveness of AIS and IT on the overall performance and sustainability of economic units are assessed, highlighting the benefits and challenges associated with their adoption and integration. The results obtained demonstrate the positive impact of effective AIS and IT implementation on economic unit performance, including improved decision-making capabilities, streamlined operations, and enhanced financial reporting. However, limitations such as sample size and data reliability should be acknowledged. To overcome these limitations, future research should consider larger and more diverse datasets, longitudinal studies, and the involvement of multiple stakeholders. In conclusion, this research provides valuable insights into the implementation of AIS and IT in developed economic units and highlights their significance in ensuring sustainability. The findings can inform decision-makers and practitioners in optimizing the utilization of AIS and IT

The influence of information technology (IT) on firm profitability and stock returns

2023-08-22T21:46:26+03:00

This research study examines the impact of information technology on firm profitability and stock returns. Using a comprehensive dataset of firms across various industries, this research employs rigorous statistical analysis techniques to investigate the relationship between IT investments, firm profitability metrics, and stock returns. The study focuses at how IT investments affect financial performance measures including return on assets (ROA) and return on equity (ROE), with P-values of 0.34 and 0.12, respectively. Furthermore, the study investigates the influence of IT on stock returns, taking into account market capitalization, industry trends, and macroeconomic variables. This study's conclusions center on the beneficial association between IT investments and corporate profitability. The T-value for the IT investment has risen to 6.5. The analysis reveals that firms that strategically leverage IT investments tend to experience higher profitability metrics. Additionally, the research demonstrates the impact of IT on stock returns, highlighting the significance of IT as a driver of firm value and investor confidence. Moreover, this study delves into the mechanisms through which IT investments contribute to firm profitability and stock returns. It investigates the mediating role of factors such as process innovation, customer relationship management, and supply chain optimization, which facilitate the translation of IT investments into improved financial performance. The implications of this research are significant for both practitioners and policymakers. The findings provide valuable insights for firms seeking to enhance their profitability and create shareholder value through strategic IT investments. Additionally, policymakers can use these findings to formulate policies and initiatives that promote the adoption and effective utilization of IT in businesses across various sectors

Assessing the efficiency of application of project management in the field of engineering of innovative developments

2023-08-03T16:24:27+03:00

This paper investigates the peculiarities and effectiveness of using project management in the field of engineering of innovative developments. The relevance of the topic relates to the fact that the process of innovative development is characterized by its duration and the uncertainty of the probability of obtaining specific results. Such a feature determines the need to build such a project management system for the engineering of innovative developments, which would ensure the definition of sub-stages of this process, the assessment of the degree of their implementation, and the determination of the results of these stages. The object of this study is the project management system of the engineering projects of innovative developments of the company Hokord Ltd. The research used methods of statistical analysis with the distribution of data into control and test groups. This distribution made it possible to reveal the impact of the implementation of project management on the effectiveness of project management. The study solves the problem of determining the effectiveness of project management in comparison with traditional approaches to project management. The results of the study show that the implementation of project management in the field of engineering of innovative developments has led to the improvement of project management and an increase in their efficiency. Implementation of project management made it possible to establish new project statuses and reduce the share of canceled or closed projects, while the share of successfully completed projects increased. Unlike other studies, quantitative indicators of the effectiveness of project management were established - the duration of project implementation was reduced by an average of 11 %. The implementation of project management also improved the assessment and allocation of project priorities, a decrease in the share of projects with high priority, and an increase in the share of projects with low and uncertain priority was revealed

Development of a localized production model for the automotive industry, built into the concept of industry 4.0 in the kingdom of Saudi Arabia

2023-06-18T17:27:53+03:00

Saudi Arabia vision-2030 is mainly focused on industrialization to reduce reliance on oil revenue. Localized Manufacturing (LM) concept, which has gained its importance worldwide in this fast-changing technological world to meet customers’ unique needs of 21^st century. Now-a-days, manufacturing industry is shifting from standard product development to customized product development keeping in view the growing unique customer-’s needs. The research objective of this research was to maximize LM Application in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia to meet unique customers’ needs.

Automobile industry was selected to apply Industry 4.0 technologies i.e., 3D Printing/Additive manufacturing. The specifications, fulfilling the customer’s unique needs have been incorporated to manufacture the desired part by 3D printing/additive manufacturing. Data was collected from Saudi automobiles customers regarding their unique needs on a particular automobile part. Using the Product Design and Development methodology by Ulrich et al data was collected, analysed and as a result of data analysis, a model for maximization of localized manufacturing was developed for implementation of LM technique. Results shows that using Industry 4.0 concept, customers’ unique needs can be satisfied and fulfilled in less time and it will be more economical as compared to standard/conventional manufacturing/production methods. Based on the results of this research a model for maximization of localized manufacturing is developed utilizing Industry 4.0 technique