Geofizicheskiy Zhurnal

Opening remarks. A few words about the conference

O.V. Legostaeva — 2025-04-07

The International Scientific Conference
"CURRENT PROBLEMS OF GEOPHYSICS" (April 22-23, 2025) is dedicated to the 90th anniversary of the outstanding Ukrainian geophysicist, geologist, specialist in the theory of interpretation of potential fields, twice laureate of the State Prize of Ukraine in the field of science and technology, Honored Scientist of the Ukrainian SSR, laureate of the S.I. Subbotin Prize of the NAS of Ukraine, Director of the S.I. Subbotin Institute of Geophysics of the NAS of Ukraine (1992-2021), Doctor of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Professor, Academician of the NAS of Ukraine Vitaliy Ivanovich Starostenko.

Artificial intelligence in geophysics: Opportunities and risks

N.I. Bakhova — 2025-04-07

The article briefly reviews some artificial intelligence methods successfully used to process and interpret logging data and for seismology and geothermy. The possibilities of artificial neural networks, the Support Vector Machines, the Random Forest method, and genetic algorithms are highlighted. The basic information about the advantages and limitations of artificial intelligence tools is given.

AI is not self-sufficient for geological and geophysical research. It is important to adapt its algorithms to work with large volumes of geophysical data. If the algorithm has too high computational complexity, calculations can be simplified by manually processing the input data or using conventional software. Sometimes, several algorithms are used to solve a single problem. In such cases, each network is trained several times. When comparing the results with approximately equal control errors, a computationally simpler neural network is chosen.

For the purpose of better orientation in the computing world, information is provided on the computational adaptation of artificial intelligence to geophysical data.

Attention is drawn to the possibility of financial risks associated with the use of an insufficiently powerful network when modeling a particular dependence.

Development and implementation of «logging-while-drilling» technology in Ukraine. Methods and tools for determination of petrophysical parameters of reservoirs while drilling vertical, deviated and horizontal oil-and-gas boreholes

M,S, Bondarenko — 2025-04-07

Logging-while-drilling (LWD) oil-and-gas boreholes is an advanced technology that improves the efficiency of drilling-and-logging operations. The cost of services and the technological monopoly of foreign firms, and their leaving from Ukraine in 2022, make urgent the development of domestic apparatus-and-methodological complexes for LWD. The Group of Nuclear Geophysics of the Institute of Geophysics of the NAS of Ukraine, together with LLC «Ukrspetsprylad», have created a number of methods and tools for determining the petrophysical parameters of reservoirs during LWD. The effectiveness of the developments has been confirmed by borehole tests and comparison with independent data

Assessment of pollutants emissions into the atmosphere due to the fire at the Kalynivka oil depotcaused by a missile strike in March 2022

S.G. Boychenko — 2025-04-07

The study assessed the scale of atmospheric pollution as a result of the fire at the Ka-
lynivka oil depot in March 2022 due to missile shelling, which led to the burning of 6124.6 tons of gasoline and diesel fuel. Using an approved method, the volumes of pollutants emitted into the atmosphere due to the fire were calculated, namely: CO2 (14.3 tons), particulate matter PM2.5, PM10 and soot (27.4 tons), NOₓ (5.8 tons), SO2 (0.05 ton) and also H2O (6.5 tons), etc. Burning truck tires additionally caused emissions of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, metalcompounds, and other toxic substances. Extinguishing the fire using fluorinated foam (AFFF, AFFF AR) caused additional emissions of fluorinated surfactants. The fire extinguishing area was about 1.4 hectares, and the volume of foam used was 12—15 thousand liters. The discharged substances pose serious risks to ecosystems, including toxicity, climate impacts, and threats to human health.

Spatiotemporal patterns of atmospheric carbon monoxide over the Crimean Peninsula and the Black Sea: Sentinel-5Р/TROPOMI data (2019―2024)

S.G. Boychenko — 2025-04-07

The spatiotemporal distribution of the annual average of atmospheric CO column densities based on TROPOMI data from the Sentinel-5P satellite over the Crimean Peninsula and the Black Sea for 2019—2024 was analyzed. The average annual value over the Crimean Peninsula was (3.2―3.6)∙10–2 mol/m2, while over the surface of the Black Sea, it was (3.0―3.7)∙10‒2 mol/m2, and in coastal seawater — (3.7―4.2)∙10‒2 mol/m2. Spatial differences in the CO concentration may be associated with the characteristics of atmospheric processes (photochemical processes and atmospheric circulation), microbial oxidation, gas hydrate processes in the sea, and anthropogenic activity.

Some problems in the interpretation of the seismotomographic model

I.V. Bugaienko — 2025-04-07

The paper considers some problems that arise in the analysis of the velocity structure of the mantle. The seismic tomography method developed by V.S. Geyko was used. The analysis of the counter-slope high-velocity layers between the East European and African plates and between the Turanian and Arabian plates was carried out. The greatest attention was paid to the nature of the high-velocity transition zone of the upper mantle between them: when, where and under what conditions it was created. The problematic issues that arose in the interpretation of the velocity structure of the mantle of the Deccan Traps (Indian Plate) were considered, since it contradicts the theory of their origin.

New 3D seismic data uncover inspiring exploration potential for oil and gas offshore the Dobrogea Foredeep, Ukraine

O.A. Kitchka — 2025-04-07

More than forty promising structures were identified and characterized in the Dolphin 01―10 E&P special-permits area of NJSC Naftogaz of Ukraine within the Inner zone of the northwestern Black Sea shelf based on the latest 3D seismic data processing and analysis of geological and geophysical information. The geological model of the study area was refined and detailed, and the main components of geological risk for prospective oil-and-gas bearing complexes were assessed to form a portfolio of hydrocarbon play-based exploration prospects along with its ranking and due decision-making.

Geothermobaric criteria for oil-and-gas bearing in the Dnieper-Donets Graben

I.M. Kurovets — 2025-04-07

To evaluate exploration areas and forecast individual productive horizons of exploration for oil and gas, it is necessary to establish patterns in the location of the already explored hydrocarbon deposits. The analysis has to consider the structural and tectonic build, lithological and stratigraphic features, and hydrogeological and geothermobaric conditions of the oil and gas region. The relationship of geothermobaric parameters with the phase state of hydrocarbons in a vertical section should serve as an important factor for solving the problem. Within the Eastern oil and gas region of Ukraine, gas, oil, and gas condensate deposits are zoned. Vertical zoning of the location of hydrocarbon deposits of oil and gas horizons follows the geothermobaric criteria for the Monastyryshchensko-Sofiyivskyi and Talalaivsko-Rybalskyi oil-and-gas bearing, Hlynsko-Solokhivskyi gas-and-oil bearing and Mashivsko-Shebelinskyi gas-bearing, Rudenkivsko-Proletarskyi oil-and-gas bearing deposits of the Eastern oil and gas region of Ukraine.

An attempt to preserve archival analog seismic records from Geotraverses in Ukraine

D.V. Lysynchuk — 2025-04-07

Between 1960 and 1990, extensive deep seismic studies were conducted in Ukraine, significantly enhancing the understanding of the Earth’s crust and mantle, particularly within the Ukrainian Shield. This paper introduces a methodology for digitizing analog seismic records preserved on photographic paper, representing a crucial step in safeguarding historical data. Test digitization of a section of the Geotraverse IV demonstrated the feasibility of creating vectorized images, enabling the modern interpretation of seismic data. The results confirmed the potential to extract new insights, particularly regarding shear waves, and process them further in the SEG-Y format. Comprehensive scanning and systematic organization of these archives could support the reinterpretation and long-term preservation of valuable scientific data.

Seismic moment tensor and focal mechanism for earthquake of February 22, 2024 in eastern Slovakia (12:54:15 UTC, 21.75E°E, 49.03°N, depth 9 km, ML3.0)

D.V. Malytskyy — 2025-04-07

The accuracy of the focal mechanism solution can depend very significantly on the number of stations used, especially in the case of weak earthquakes and sparse networks. We describe the procedure for retrieving the seismic moment tensor for the earthquake of February 22, 2024, which happened in Eastern Slovakia, using a limited number of seismic stations. We use records from only two stations of the Slovakian network: sk19 (49.25 °N, 21.93 °E) and sk20 (49.21 °N, 21.61 °E). The moment tensor inversion of high-frequency seismogram data in this study is based on a point source approach using the matrix method for the direct waves. The process involves generating records in displacements using the frequency and wave-number integration technique for an elastic horizontally layered medium. A method is presented for moment tensor inversion of only direct P- and S-waves, which is less sensitive to path effects modelling than reflected and converted waves, significantly improving the method’s accuracy and reliability. The location and origin time of the event are considered known. Based on forward modelling, a numerical technique is developed for the inversion of observed waveforms for the of moment tensor M(t) components obtained by generalized inversion.

Architecture of the upper crust along the WARR deep seismic profile SHIELD’21 across Ukraine based on seismic and geological data

A.V. Murovska — 2025-04-07

For the first time a seismic image of the East-European Craton upper crust between the Carpathians and the Dnieper-Donets Basin is presented, based on the finite-difference reflection/refraction migration processing of the SHIELD’21 deep profile results and its preliminary geological interpretation, taking into account available geophysical and geological data. The migration image shows a general domal shape of the top surface of the Archean to Palaeoproterozoic crystalline basement, which is devoid of sedimentary cover along the central part of the profile — at the Ukrainian Shield — and sloping to both sides, to the SW and NE below the sedimentary cover succession of the adjoining platform areas. The up-to-3―5-km-thick upper part of the portion of the East European Craton cross-cut by the profile is characterized by well-developed stratification and gentle folding at its flanks, while the central core is more homogeneous. High-angle faults are imaged mainly on the flanks of the Shield and dipping towards its center. The velocity model and migration image patterns agree with extensional tectonic structures identified on the terrain surface by fieldwork at the junction of the Podolian and Ros’ domains of the Ukrainian Shield. They allow the idea of a Palaeoproterozoic large-scale extension, providing a crustal heterogeneity that might have later impacted the Dnieper-Donets rift basin opening and evolution in Devonian time.

Calculation of the power and angular components of the geomagnetic field induction vector in the territory of Ukraine

M.I. Orlyuk — 2025-04-07

The study calculates the geomagnetic field induction vector power and its angular components for the territory of Ukraine for the 2024.5 epoch. We used a digital map of the ∆Bа induction module anomalies and B0, the Earth’s normal magnetic field. To calculate the components of the ∆Bа (the anomalous magnetic field), a 3D magnetic model of the territory of Ukraine was developed. It reflects regional and large local sources of the Earth’s crust. The values of the Earth’s normal magnetic field’s components, B0x (northern), B0y (eastern), and B0z (vertical), were calculated using the analytical model of the Earth’s main magnetic field (IGRF-14). The power Bx, By, and Bz components of the geomagnetic field vector were obtained as the sum of their anomalous and normal values at points along a 10×10 km grid, and the angular, declination D and inclination I, were calculated.

Magnetic model and heterogeneity of the crystalline crust of the southwestern boundary of the East European Сraton

I.K. Pashkevich — 2025-04-07

The paper presents 3D magnetic modeling of the crystalline crust in the Teissere-Tornquist line (TTL) area and its northwestern branching into the Sorgenfrei and Thor-Tornquist zones. The anomalous magnetic field was analyzed based on ground, airborne, and satellite surveys. The boundaries of the East European Craton segments follow the structure of the TTL, in which we have identified two branches of different strikes; they form a triple articulation with the Fennoscandia-Sarmatia suture zone.The TTL segmentation corresponds to the distribution of magnetic sources along the TTL.

The accurate shape of salt diapir and near-salt commercial hydrocarbon pools: outcome of applying a 3D joint gravity, well-log, seismic inversion, and new paradigm for pool mapping

O.P. Petrovskyy — 2025-04-07

Limitations of the seismic method in mapping salt diapirs increase exploration risks while drilling in near-salt areas. An innovative method of 3D joint inverse problem solution for gravity, well-log, and seismic data makes it possible to verify and refine the shape of a salt dome and map hydrocarbon accumulations right beside the salt wall under the salt wing and over the salt dome. It is illustrated by the results for four salt domes in the central axial part of the Dniper-Donets Basin. In half of the cases, joint gravity inversion proved that seismic data provided a reliable salt shape that may be used as the biggest outline. In the other half of the cases, the salt stem outlined by 3D gravity inversion significantly differed from that by 2D and 3D seismic data interpretation. In one case, gravity inversion showed that the size of the salt stem was three times smaller. For all the cases under the salt wing in proximity to the salt dome, near the salt wall, and over the salt dome, localized low-density rock areas were mapped. These areas were associated with commercial hydrocarbon pools. For one, the salt dome location of the commercial pools was verified by drilling. As a result, a new oil field was discovered and named after Academician Schpak. Also, over the same salt dome, the size of the Runovshina field shallow gas pool outline was six times expanded. Four wells drilling outcomes ― three commercial and one dry ― fully confirm the correctness of the shape of the mapped commercial pool with a 100 % commercial probability of success.

Magnitude of the anomalous geomagnetic fields

I.I. Rokityansky — 2025-04-07

The normalized amplitudes of the anomalous geomagnetic field variations (presented by tipper C) with period T>200 s arising around electrical conductivity anomalies have been considered. C>1 means that the secondary (induced) field is greater than the primary (inducing) one. Worldwide, the mean observed tippers are C=0.3 for coastal observatories and C=0.15 for inland ones. The maximum tippers are 1.5 for coastal and C=1.6 for inland observatories. Modeling realistic anomalies with uniform conductivity yields C up to 2.5. The larger C can arise in a non-uniform conductor due to the superchanneling effect.

Magnetization of the lithosphere and the upper mantle based on magnetic-mineralogical data

O.Ye. Shestopalova — 2025-04-07

According to numerous studies, sources of magnetic anomalies in the lithosphere and mantle can have a magnetic-mineralogical nature due to magnetic minerals at mantle depths. The minerals include native iron, which can be brought up from significant depths by mantle melts or formed under the influence of reducing fluids. Mantle plumes play a leading role in these processes as conduits of matter (and energy) from the Earth’s outer core to its surface, according to some authors. Metallic iron has been identified in oceanic basalts, traps, and hyperbasites. In subduction zones, the magnetization and increased magnetic susceptibility of lithospheric plates can persist at mantle depths for a long time due to the Hopkinson effect, with the highest value observed for pure native iron. Phase transitions of magnetite, hematite, native iron, and iron-cobalt alloy can occur at mantle depths ranging from 25 to 700 km depending on their Curie temperatures under different thermodynamic regimes of hot and cold lithospheric plates.

Application of cluster analysis to the study of spatial patterns of earthquakes in Azerbaijan and adjacent territories

S.I. Skurativskyi — 2025-04-07

Based on the data of the earthquake catalog in Azerbaijan and adjacent areas from 2010 to 2023, a procedure for dividing earthquakes into clusters was developed using the DBSCAN algorithm for Python. In the process of dividing into clusters, a number of indicators were used that allowed optimizing the number of clusters and the number of earthquakes in the clusters. A comparison of the location of earthquake clusters with tectonic faults in this region demonstrated their high correlation.

Engineering-ecological research of the upper part of geological section using seismic data

O.K. Tiapkin — 2025-04-07

The paper presents the results of reprocessing seismic data typically lost during hydrocarbon exploration. These data are used to map the velocity properties (longitudinal wave velocities) of the upper part of the geological section, to reduce costly engineering and survey work for industrial and civil construction, and to promote the successful development of precise agriculture in oil and gas regions. Additionally, the study addresses the average shear-wave velocity in the top 30 m of the Earth’s surface (Eqn001.wmf) for seismic risk assessments and to solve engineering-hydrogeological challenges.

Prospects of transition to European standards – features of Eurocode 8

I.A. Viktosenko — 2025-04-07

This paper analyzes the features of Eurocode-8, the European standard for earthquake-resistant construction, regarding seismic microzonation and seismic hazard assessment. The standard is compared to the methodology of similar studies in Ukraine. There is a significant difference in approaches to considering local near-surface geological conditions of survey sites. The study shows the critical role of shear-wave velocity in the uppermost subsurface as a primary indicator of a site’s seismic response. It explores innovative approaches to obtaining velocity characteristics based on multichannel analysis of surface waves and modeling regional near-surface velocity based on Shuttle Radar Topography Mission data. The key issue of implementing Eurocode-8 requirements in Ukrainian conditions is discussed, with a particular focus on making seismic hazard map based on peak ground acceleration.

Occurrence and deformation of clastic dykes in the Ukrainian Carpathian

V.I. Alokhin — 2025-04-07

The study presents the results of research on the occurrence, composition, and deformation features of clastic dykes in the Ukrainian Carpathians. The stratigraphic units of the sedimentary sequence containing clastic dykes, the irgenetic type, morphological features, andmineral-petrographic composition have been identified. Based on field measurements of the orientation elements of dykes and their deformation structures, the systems of dykes and the systems of brittle deformations disrupting their original state have been identified. Based on field measurements of deformation structures using the «Win-Tensor» program, a reconstruction of paleostress fields, with in which the deformations occurred, was performed. The research results indicate that most clastic dykes are of the injection type and were formed under marine conditions. The deformations of these dykes are associated with the formation process of the Folded Carpathians and occurred din multiple stages within stress fields of different kinematic types. Dykes often contain accumulations of organic matter, which makes them useful for assessing the potential of subsurface deposits.

Gravity modeling of the Earth’s crust structure along the Khyriv—Rava-Ruska—Velyki Mosty profile

S.G. Anikeyev — 2025-04-07

We used 2D gravity modeling to investigate the structural features of the Earth’s crust and upper mantle in the junction zone of the outer Ukrainian Carpathians and the East European Platform along the Khyriv―Rava-Ruska―Velyki Mosty line. The profile passes through a poorly studied and complex structure of the border between Ukraine and Poland: it crosses the Folded Carpathians, the Precarpathian Trough, the Rava-Ruska Zone, and ends in the outer zone of the Lviv Trough. As the initial model of the crust, a deep seismic-geological section along the eponymous traverse SG-1(66) was used. The modeling results confirmed the seismic-geological data on the depths of the Carpathian base and the basement surface along the traverse, identified the main tectonic blocks and deep faults of the Earth’s crust, and determined the densities of the sedimentary complex and basement rocks. The lower crust and upper mantle under the Folded Carpathians have higher density. The reflection in the anomalous gravity field of tectonic units of the Folded Carpathians, the predicted Turkivskyi Paraautochthonous Complex, as well as deep mafic magmatic formations between the Rava-Ruskyi and Velykomostivskyi Faults, was investigated. Under the regional negative gravity anomalies, a deepening of the Moho boundary was detected under the Folded Carpathians and the Teisseyre-Tornquist Zone up to 45 km and 50 km, respectively. The results obtained are consistent with foreign and domestic geophysical materials.

Internal structure and kinematics of the Kirovohrad and Zvenyhorod-Bratsk fault zones of the Ukrainian Shield and assessment of their prospects for mineral resources

O.O. Babynin — 2025-04-07

Studies of the kinematics of the Zvenyhorod-Bratsk and Kirovohrad fault zones of the Inhul Domain of the Ukrainian Shield are relevant in terms of studying the geodynamic processes that played an important role in the formation of mineral deposits of the Kirovohrad ore region. A powerful impetus for the detailed study of the ore region was the discovery of uranium deposits here. Deposits and ore occurrences of gold and rare metals were also found and studied. Currently, the central part of the Ingul Domain is considered one of the main areas for expanding the country’s mineral resources.

Ediacaran anomalous geomagnetic field: paleomagnetic data from the southwestern margin of the east European Platform

V.G. Bakhmutov — 2025-04-07

The results of palaeomagnetic studies of the Volyn trap formation and red beds of Podillia are presented. The geomagnetic field’s anomalous behavior is confirmed, manifested in the discrepancy of paleomagnetic poles of the same age, a hyperactive mode of field polarity change, and extremely low values of field palaeointensity. These may be related to the problems of palaeogeographic reconstructions in the Ediacaran, as well as the drastic influence of geomagnetic conditions on the environment and biota evolution.

Астеносфера України за даними геоелектричних досліджень

T.K. Burakhovych — 2025-04-07

For the first time, a model-scheme of the geoelectric asthenosphere was created, the parameters of were obtained by generalizing the models built based on experimental electromagnetic data. The parameters of three «normal» sections of ρn for geological regions of Ukraine of different ages are confirmed. High electrical conductivity anomalies in the upper mantle have a complex configuration, different intensity and depth, and do not always correspond to the geology. The asthenosphere in the southwestern megablocks, local areas of the Ingul megablock of the Ukrainian shield, as well as the southern part of the Volyn-Podilsky Plate is picked fragmentarily from 50―70 to 120―160 km with anomalous resistivity of 20―50 Ohm·m. Local objects in the Pripyat-Dnipro-Donetsk Depression have similar parameters. The Scythian Plate has anomalous areas: crustal mantle (30―40 to 60 km deep with a resistivity of 10 Ohm·m) and upper mantle (60―90 km deep with a resistivity of 100 Ohm·m). In the Carpathian region, the asthenosphere is heterogeneous, probably consisting of regions that differ in resistivity and may branch with depth. A general deepening of its upper boundary to the northeast from 40 to 90―100 km has been confirmed.

About the global astenosphere of the Earth

V.V. Gordienko — 2025-04-07

The article considers how the global asthenosphere manifests at a depth of about 1000 km in the geothermal, geoelectrical, and seismic data obtained over the past 20 years and recent data additions are considered. The represent include the inclusion of the global asthenosphere in the number of geospheres with noticeable radiogenic heat generation, the emergence of data on the electrical conductivity of rocks in the transition zone from the upper to the lower mantle, and the information on widespread velocity inhomogeneities in the global asthenosphere depth range.

The effect of ultrasound on hydrocarbon filtration in a porous medium

A.P. Gorovenko — 2025-04-07

The paper presents an experimental study of the effect of ultrasound on hydrocarbon filtration in a porous medium core. An experimental setup was designed and manufactured to conduct the experiments. A GZ-120 generator and an amplifier on powerful beam tetrodes are used to generate ultrasound of sufficiently high amplitude.

The effect of surfactants on hydrocarbon filtration by porous media

A.P. Gorovenko — 2025-04-07

We studied the effect of a surface-active substance on the filtration of hydrocarbons by the core of a porous medium. The dependence of the flow rate of hydrocarbon filtered by the core on the pressure at constant temperature was obtained. It was established that the surface active substance effectively affects the filtration of hydrocarbons by a porous medium and increases hydrocarbon filtration by tens of percent. The use of surface-active substances to pre-treataround the filter space of an oil well allows for an increase in the well’s flow rate.

Manifestations of regional faults on Zmiiny island

D.M. Gryn — 2025-04-07

As a result of engineering and geophysical surveys on selected areas of Zmiiny Island, new and confirmed locations of some known faults were discovered. Seismic studies were conducted on the island to study the structure of the sedimentary cover, the weathering zone, and the integrity of the bedrock. During the interpretation of seismic data obtained on the island, the structure of some faults completely covered by the sedimentary cover was studied in detail. The degree of opening of the faults (width) and their internal filling were determined. The orthogonal scheme of the location of seismic profiles allowed us to establish the azimuths of the strike of the detected faults that pass through the entire island. The azimuths of tectonic faults in the Black Sea coincided with those on the island. Thus, the island, which is at the top of the fold, was under the influence of tectonic movements that formed the Golitsynskyi, Istrian, and Trotus Faults.

Nonequilibrium fluid filtration in a heterogeneously contaminated near-wellbore zone

I.I. Denysiuk — 2025-04-07

Based on mathematical modeling of fluid filtration in a heterogeneous environment, studies have been conducted to investigate the impact of near-wellbore zone contamination on production well productivity. А model of non-stationary nonequilibrium filtration in a semi-infinite heterogeneous formation with a harmonic perturbation at its boundary was considered. Using the method of separation of variables, a solution to the boundary value problem was obtained, using which the influence of contamination on well productivity was determined.

90th anniversary of the Department of Geophysical Methods, Dnipro University of Technology: history and present

M.M. Dovbnich — 2025-04-07

In 2025, the 90th anniversary of the founding of the Department of Geophysical Methods of Dnipro University of Technology will be celebrated. The paper is devoted to the history of the formation and development of geophysical research within the walls of the Katerynoslav Higher Mining School — Dnipropetrovsk Mining Institute — Dnipro University of Technology.

The information presented is a compilation of publications dedicated to the history of the department, as well as the memories of department employees and their relatives.

The author expresses his gratitude to his colleagues, geophysicists, employees of the O.M. Polya National Historical Museum, and the staff of the archive and library of Dnipro University of Technology for their assistance in preparing this work.

On the nature of the Khmilnyk Minimum of gravity

V.A. Yentin — 2025-04-07

The Khmilnyk structural and tectonic node is unique for the Ukrainian Shield. Here, a polylocal center of Precambrian acidic magmatism at the intersection of three deep faults vividly manifests in the gravitational and magnetic field Based on the interpretation of the gravity anomaly field, the geological nature of the Khmilnyk Minimum with dimensions of 25×25 km and a relative intensity of –16 mGal is due to the funnel-shaped stock of granitoids of aplite-pegmatoid and garnet-biotite composition. The magmatic activity in the central part of the stock is accompanied by deep degassing in the form of radon emanations and manifestations of uranium mineralization.

Geophysical aspects of modern horizontal movements in the central part of the Transcarpathian Internal Trough

V.V. Ignatyshyn — 2025-04-07

The work studies the spatial-temporal distribution of seismicity in the Carpathian region in 2023 and analyzes the results of research and scientific achievements in the study of geophysical processes in seismic-generating regions. The urgency of the research is due to the fact that recently, certain features of seismic activity in the seismic-generating region have been noted, and the probability estimates of strong, noticeable earthquakes have increased. The observations of modern horizontal crustal movements in the Oash deep fault zone for the studied period have been analyzed. The relationship between the modern crustal movements and the spatial-temporal distribution of seismicity in the Carpathian region (particularly the Transcarpathian Inner Trough and the Vrancea zone (Romania)) has been studied. The existence of sign-changing processes in horizontal crustal movements in the Transcarpathian Inner Trough in the studied time interval has been shown. In modern horizontal crustal movements, there has not been found a sign-changing process that determines the nature of crustal movements for up to 10―12 years and is important in the formation of seismic activity in the region. The local seismicity correlates with the seismicity of a powerful seismic-generating region, the Vrancea zone: seismicity increases in both regions starting from May―June 2023. The seismicity of the region is associated with the processes of local compression of rocks measured in the tunnel of the deformometric observation station «Korolevе» of the Department of Seismicity of the Carpathian Region (S.I. Subbotin Institute of Geophysics of the NAS of Ukraine).

Correlation dependences of petrophysical parameters of rocks of the Ukrainian Shield under different pressures and temperatures

O.Ye. Karnaukhova — 2025-04-07

Using an extended data bank of the Ukrainian Shield, a search for correlations between petrophysical parameters of rocks was conducted. The differentiation of selected groups of rocks of different mineral composition by the propagation velocities of elastic waves and density at different pressures and temperatures has been confirmed. Unambiguous, mainly directly proportional dependencies have been established between elastic, elastic and electrical parameters with high enough pair-wise correlation coefficients.

Identification and main petrophysical parameters of a compacted reservoir on the example of the Dnipro-Donets Depression

H.O. Kashuba — 2025-04-07

The issue of Ukraine’s energy security and diversification of exploration directions is of extremely great importance today. At the same time, low-permeability, low-porosity rocks make up a significant part of Ukraine’s productive complexes of the oil and gas regions. The research is focused on the deposits of the Dnieper-Donets Depression as Ukraine’s main oil and gas region. An analysis of the change in the threshold value of porosity depending on the depth of occurrence for almost all productive complexes of the Dnieper-Donets Depression was carried out. The threshold values of the main petrophysical parameters for compacted reservoirs are given.

Depth structure and hydrocarbon potential of the middle part of the northwestern Black Sea shelf, according to density modeling

M.V. Kozlenko — 2025-04-07

Considering the need to ensure Ukraine’s energy independence after the war, it is expedient to identify in advance the structures suitable for extracting hydrocarbon materials in the currently inaccessible region of the northwestern shelf of the Black Sea. To do this, gravity modeling was carried out using a network of submeridional profiles, which made it possible to determine the deep structure and fault tectonics. Based on the calculations, the prospects of exploring the research area for hydrocarbon deposits were determined.

Main types of reservoir rocks and their petrophysical properties of the western oil-gas region of Ukraine

I.M. Kurovets — 2025-04-07

The effectiveness of exploration of hydrocarbon deposits, selection of optimal discovery technologies, and their development largely depend on the reliable forecast of reservoir rock types and their petrophysical properties. Here, we review the findings for lithological-stratigraphic complexes of the Western oil-gas region of Ukraine and establish the main types of reservoir rocks and their petrophysical properties for the Volyn-Podillya edge of the East European Platform, the Carpathian Foredeep (Outer and Inner zones), and the Transcarpathian depression. Methods included an analysis of the available geological-petrophysical information on lithological-petrographical, structural-textural peculiarities and petrophysical properties of deposits; laboratory investigations of cores; mathematical-statistical processing of data; study of the influence of thermobaric conditions and compound stressed state of the section upon the formation of different types of reservoir rocks and their capacity-filtration parameters; and construction of standard geological-petrophysical sections of the promising producing areas. According to the findings, in the sedimentary complex, there are reservoir rocks of different types (from low-porous consolidated? granular to composite porous-fractured-cavernous) due to the influence of sedimentary, geotectonic, thermobaric, geothermal, and other factors influencing their formation.

Magnetic inhomogeneity of the Earth’s crust of the Dnieper-Donetsk Basin along the profiles GEORIFT 2013 and Dykanka-Druzhkivka

T.V. Lebed — 2025-04-07

For the first time, there was performed a comprehensive analysis of the geomagnetic field and magnetic heterogeneity of the Earth’s crust with structural features and longitudinal wave velocities, detected according to deep seismic sounding (DSS) data along the GEORIFT 2013 and Dykanka-Druzhkivka (XII) profiles within the Dnieper-Donets Basin. The relationship of the magnetic heterogeneity of the crystalline Earth’s crust with seismic boundaries along refracted and reflected waves, as well as with deep faults in the meridional and submeridional directions, was shown. The hydrocarbon deposits are localization, the intersections of faults and transregional tectonic seams with longitudinal and sublatitudinal faults, which are often accompanied by local magnetic anomalies.

Application of differential characteristics in the analysis of vertical electrical sounding data

V.M. Logvin — 2025-04-07

We consider the results of processing of field geoelectric surveys of the Dniprogeofizyka State Geological Survey using additional differential characteristics of potential fields in the territory adjacent to the city of Kryvyi Rih from the south. It is proposed to use analogues of the total gradient and curvature of the apparent resistivity when analysing measurements by the vertical electrical sounding method. These characteristics significantly help in studying the structure of the geological environment (uplifts, depressions, strata boundaries, fault zones) and the magnitude of groundwater mineralisation. Differential characteristics can significantly increase the efficiency of identification and localisation of waterlogged rock masses by mineralised groundwater in the territory of Kryvbas.

Stress-deformable state near the earthquake focus

M.V. Lubkov — 2025-04-07

The article models the distribution of displacements and stresses of the lithosphere around the earthquake’s focus. It is based on the variational finite element method for elastic multilayered orthotropic shells of rotation and considers the shear rigidity. With increasing thickness of the layer of sedimentary rocks (and, accordingly, decreasing strength of the layers of the crystalline foundation), displacement amplitudes grow, and stress amplitudes become smaller. The change in rock rigidity in the shear direction has the greatest effect on the quantitative and qualitative changes in the distribution of displacements and stresses. Rock rigidity in the vertical direction is somewhat less influential. A decrease in rigidity in this direction leads to a significant increase in the amplitude of vertical movements. The least effect on the displacements’ and stresses’ distribution belongs to rigidity changes in the longitudinal direction, perpendicular to the lithosphere shifting.

The influence of tectonic disturbances on the gas content of coal-bearing deposits of the Lyubelya field of the Lviv-Volyn coal basin

M.M. Matrofailo — 2025-04-07

The paper describes the gas content of the coal seams of the Lyubelya deposit of the Lviv-Volyn coal basin. According to methane, carbon dioxide, and nitrogen content, methane-nitrogen and methane zones are distinguished in the field. Structural and tectonic features of the Carbonaceous deposits were characterized based on geological exploration and thematic studies. The influence of geodynamic processes of formation of the territory of the Lviv-Volyn basin on the degassing of coal deposits is indicated. The main factors affecting the accumulation of hydrocarbon gases in the coal-bearing stratum of the Lyubelyacoal field were determined.

Automated selection of gravity anomalies during the search for minerals

T.L. Mikheeva — 2025-04-07

The computer automated system is aimed at the study and development of methods of interpreting data of gravity and magnetic fields in the exploration of mineral deposits.

Examples are presented that take into account all the a priori information about the physical and geometric parameters of anomaly-creating objects. A three-dimensional algorithm of gravity selection using an approximation model in the form of a three-bar structure was applied for the territory of the Torgai oil-and-gas-bearing region of the Republic of Kazakhstan, where oil deposits are discovered, and oil and gas shows are recorded in wells and for gabbro-anorthosite massifs of the central part of the Korsun-Novomyrhorod pluton of the Ukrainian Shield. In the first example, the contours of promising areas for conducting direct hydrocarbon searches were obtained. In the second, gabbro-anorthosite bodies were selected and outlined in the upper part of the section, and the depth of their distribution was established. These models can be used to obtain additional reliable geological information.

Features of the temperature regime of the crust’s upper horizons in oil-and-gas bearing zones of the west of Ukraine

A.V. Nazarevych — 2025-04-07

The paper analyzes the features of the temperature regime of the upper crustal horizons of the oil-and-gas bearing zones of western Ukraine based on the published and archival thermal logging data. It was established that the characteristic temperatures of rock horizons at depths of 1000, 2000, 3000, and 4000 m in the Forecarpathian region are 30±5, 50±10, 70±15, 90±20 °С, respectively. Average vertical temperature gradients here are characterized by values of 0.022±0.01 °С/m. In the Transcarpathian region, the characteristic temperatures of rock horizons at depths of 1000, 2000, and 3000 m are mostly within 55±10, 100±20, and 145±25 °С, respectively. Average vertical temperature gradients here are characterized 0.05±0.015 °С/m. The difference in deep temperatures between the Transcarpathians and the Forecarpathians is caused by the high deep heat flow in Transcarpathians induced by the influence of asthenolite from under Pannonia, while in Forecarpathians, which is tectonically mainly the southwestern edge of the East European Platform, the thermal regime is significantly calmer, typical for platforms. The findings will be compared with the features of the geodynamic regime of the corresponding zones and also used to establish and take into account temperature corrections to the petrophysical characteristics of the reservoir rocks for predicting the oil and gas capacity of well sections.

Seismicity, tectonics and oil-and-gas bearing of the crust of Bukovyna in the RP-5 profile zone

L.Ye. Nazarevych — 2025-04-07

The work analyzes the seismicity and oil and gas potential of Bukovyna in connection with the crust’s deep structure. The crust’s deep structure was analysed using published and archival data. These included data on the regional profile RP-5, data in the areas of oil and gas fields and in the area of the Dniester hydroelectric complex. Noticeable seismic activity of the diagonal faults of the Carpathian extension was established both under the Carpathian thrusts and in the area of the Dniester hydrocascade. Orthogonal fault structures were also found to be active. The oil and gas potential of the territory is largely associated with the Subcarpathian folds of the autochthon (Mesozoic) in the subthrust of the Carpathians, this is clearly seen in the example of the Lopushna oil field. The extension of the Trans-European ancient rift Teisseire-Tornquist Zone has also been traced here between the Selyatyn faults in the southwest and the Forecarpathian faults in the northeast. Also of interest are the band of intrusions in the basement under the foreland of the Carpathians and the northeast-dipping «contact» zone of probably Hercynian age between the structures of the Forecarpathian Trough and the edge of the consolidated East European platform in the southwestern outskirts of Volyn-Podillia.

Thermobarogeochemical model of deep fluid’s evolution in the Earth’s lithosphere

I.M. Naumko — 2025-04-07

A thermobarogeochemical model of the evolution of deep fluids in the Earth’s lithosphere (tectonosphere) was created, the main postulates of which is substantiated by the data of thermobarogeochemistry — the fundamental science on fluid inclusions as naturally preserved relics of the fluid mineral ore-oil-forming environment, the determinacy of which follows from the undeniable fact of their occlusion by microinclusions in crystals and preservation from the time of capture to the present. Analysis showed the real possibility of using inclusions to assess the fluid saturation of the subsoil and predict the ore-bearing and hydrocarbon saturation of promising structures. Supplementing the existing geological-geophysical and mineralogical-geochemical models with original data of the evolutionary model will form the basis of the Earth’s thermobarogeochemical model.

Magnetometric detection of explosive objects: opportunities and prospects

M.I. Orlyuk — 2025-04-07

One of the modern methods of mapping territories, including those contaminated with explosive ordnance (EOD), is remote magnetic surveying using UAVs. The method is based on the use of modern magnetometers and gradiometers, in particular LEMI-026, which, in combination with UAVs, record the components of the magnetic field. According to the results of experimental studies at landfills, it allows identifying accumulations of various metal residues, including explosive objects.

On the possible nature of deep magnetic sources of the Teisseyre-Thornquist Zone in connection with the heterogeneity of the lithosphere

I.K. Pashkevich — 2025-04-07

A prerequisite for the formation of magnetic anomaly sources is the presence of crystal crustal stretching zones and increased mantle permeability. The highest concentration of sources is observed in the region bounded by meridional deep activation zones. It is characterised by increased permeability of the lithosphere, ‘blurring’ of the main geodynamic boundary and disruption of the structure of the transition layer under the Teisseyre-Thornquist zone (TTZ). The formation of magnetic sources under these favourable conditions is associated with lithospheric magmatism and fluidisation in the process of subduction. Its features are high-velocity southwest-dipping layers in the mantle to a depth of 500—600 km, identified as slabs, and ‘duplicate layers’ in the transition layer interpreted as ‘sunken’ slabs.

A source for generating seismic waves in geophysical prospecting

V.O Polyakovskiy — 2025-04-07

The paper presents a device for generating seismic waves for conducting geophysical research. It is proposed to use the energy of explosion of acetylene-oxygen mixture under high pressure in special gas generators as a source of seismic waves. The modern methods of using explosive and non-explosive sources for generating seismic waves in exploration geophysics are briefly considered. Their disadvantages are indicated. Among the advantages of the proposed wave source are its low cost, mobility, and the absence of the need to obtain special permits for its use.

The geomagnetic field dynamics at Akademik Vernadsky Station based on the geodynamic study site observations

A.O. Romenets — 2025-04-07

One of the most important areas of geological and geophysical research in Antarctica is the study of the deep structure of the region. Of particular interest are studies of modern geodynamics of the Earth’s crust, since large deposits of oil and gas and other types of minerals are often located near tectonically active faults. The thesis estimates the dynamics of the geomagnetic field for the time interval 2008—2023 and presents the results of calculating the magnetizing effect and the values of the δВа component, which may be caused by modern geodynamic processes.

Research of environmentally hazardous geological processes using electroprospecting methods

O.Ya. Sapuzhak — 2025-04-07

Electroprospecting methods are successfully used to solve problems related to environmentally hazardous geological processes. The study was carried out using the time domain electromagnetic method at various objects of local and regional importance. We detected anomalies of apparent resistivity are connected with the zones of development of hazardous geological processes: filtration-suffusion and subsidence on the territory of the Ivano-Frankivsk National Technical University of Oil and Gas, sulfate karst on the territory of a school in the Bartativ, Lviv oblast, on a construction site in Lviv and along the railway track in Chernivtsi oblast; salt karst on the territories of the Stebnyk and Kalush-Holyn potash deposits. The results confirmed the effectiveness of solving geoecological problems using the time domain electromagnetic method.

Geophysical study of the probable burial site of Hetman Vyhovsky

O.Ya. Sapuzhak — 2025-04-07

According to historical sources, the burial of Hetman Vyhovsky may be located in the village of Ruda, Stryi district, Lviv region. Before conducting archaeological excavations at the probable site of its location, near a church, it was necessary to identify promising sites for this place. For this purpose, a complex of geophysical studies using magnetic reconnaissance and ground-penetrating radar sounding methods was applied. Anomalous zones in the magnetic field were detected. Also, ground-penetrating radar sounding recorded local inhomogeneities, mainly located in zones of magnetic anomalies. The nature of the discovered objects indicates that they may be the target archaeological objects, namely, ancient burials and underground remains of structures.

On the issue of expert evaluation of groundwater exploration in the Kirovograd oblast

V.K. Svistun — 2025-04-07

The results of expert assessment of electrical exploration in the Kirovograd oblast are considered, taking into account the compiled large-scale gravimetric maps. The results of groundwater searches in the fractured zone of crystalline rocks of the Archean-Proterozoic were reinterpreted. Using gravity exploration data significantly increases the efficiency of isolation and localization of water-saturated rocks and reduces economic costs in the search for groundwater. The proposed complex of geophysical works can be used as an improved method for searching for potable groundwater in territories determined both by the peculiarities of the geological structure of the Ukrainian Shield and by technogenic factors (residential and industrial communication networks and other anthropogenic components). The regularities are recommended to be taken into account in the process of searching and exploring groundwater for economic and household use.

Diagnostics of the sources of geomagnetic variations for the superstorm of October 10—11, 2024 according to the Ukrainian geomagnetic observatories’ data

T.P. Sumaruk — 2025-04-07

The paper analyses magnetospheric-ionospheric sources of geomagnetic variations for the superstorm of October 10—11, 2024. This event occurred at the maximum of the 25th Wolf cycle and the beginning of a 100-year cycle of geomagnetic activity. During this period, superstorms similar to the storms of October—November 2003 will occur.

To analyze the sources of variations, 1-minute values of Ukrainian geomagnetic observatories were used. The sources of geomagnetic variations were identified based on the indices of geomagnetic activity and model calculations. The influence of magnetospheric sources and auroral ionospheric electric currents in the middle latitudes variations was diagnosed. The contribution of eachsources calculated.

Formation, development and the current state of geomagnetic observatories of Ukraine

Yu.P. Sumaruk — 2025-04-07

The development path of geomagnetic observatories of Ukraine from their foundation to the present is shown. The process of modernization of these observatories and their current state is described. The first digital magnetovariation stations at the geomagnetic observatories «Lviv» and «Odesa» were installed thanks to close cooperation with the Institute of Geophysics of the Polish Academy of Sciences. Today, the main software for preparing data in the INTERMAGNET formats is the software developed by Polish colleagues.

Comprehensive analysis of the correlation between structural and material heterogeneities of different layers of the lithosphere of the Dnieper-Donetsk Basin

O.V. Usenko — 2025-04-07

The calculations of thermal field parameters at oil and gas fields for the Chernihivskyi and Lokhvitskyi blocks of DDB allowed us to define geothermal gradient changes with depth. At all fields, there are wells with stable gradients of 19—21 °C/km, and ones with sharp changes. On the Chernihivskyi block territory, these changes are negative (the gradient decreases to 15—17 °C/km); between the Kherson—Smolensk tectonic suture to the Pereiaslav-Khmelnytskyi—Pryluky Fault, changes are both negative and positive, and to the southeast from it (at the Lokhvitskyi block) they are exclusively positive (increases of up to 35—55 °C/km). Here, the depth of the gradient jump corresponds with the depth of the hydrogeological inversion — the change of the highly mineralized chloride-calcium waters of the upper hydrodynamic layer to thermal, weakly mineralized hydrocarbonate-sodium waters of the lower layer. Also, within the Lokhvitskyi block, a connection has been established between the gradient jump depths and layering of strata with AHSP (Abnormally high stratum pressure). Its occurrence is a consequence of the gas accumulating in tectonically or lithologically shielded traps. The area of layers with AHSP distribution, where only an increase in the geothermal gradient was recorded, is limited by decompression zones, revealed by the gravity modeling data. Within its boundaries, the gradient change is either negative or changes in both directions. The reasons for this pattern need further analysis.

Geodynamic studies at the Poltava Gravimetric Observatory based on astrometric and GPS observations

L.Ya. Khalyavina — 2025-04-07

The principles of studying changes in the gravitational field based on joint astrometric and GPS observations are considered. Joint observations at Poltava in 2001.5—2021.8 were analysed (namely, horizontal deformations of the Earth’s surface in the ETRF2014 system based on GPS monitoring and the local vertical line drift based on observations of stars with a prismatic astrolabe).The trends of the meridional projections — the N-components of crustal displacements and the DZ-drift of the vertical line have opposite directions. The observation point shifts to the north at +0.29 mm/yr, and the vertical line drifts to the south at –0.9 mas/yr. The agreement of these parameters is possible supposing (hﬃ–30 km) a mass build-up in the Poltava rift node zone caused by magmatic activity. According to the EGM2008 gravity field model, the coordinates of anomaly mass are λ=34.5 °E and j=49.85 °N. It lies 27.5 km north of Poltava. Estimates of gravity field disturbances are: at the «Poltava» observation point in the direction of the anomaly dgﬃ4 mGl/yr, on the surface above the anomaly source — dgﬃ8 mGl/yr.

Geodynamic shape evolution and inhomogeneous distribution of the Earth’s density

A.L. Tserklevych — 2025-04-07

The paper presents the results and their interpretation in the study of planetary distributions of density and energy in an ellipsoidal planet under an additional condition — the minimum gravitational energy of the Earth. Also, the components of the density distribution gradient characterizing the horizontal movements of inhomogeneous masses are determined.

Denudation of the Ukrainian Carpathians of the neotectonic stage

V. Shlapinsky — 2025-04-07

Several stages of denudation processes have been traced in the Carpathian region. The first is associated with the so-called pre-Polyanytsya erosion, which took place after the inversion of the flysch sedimentation basin during the transition to the formation of molasses. In the Boryslav-Pokutskyi nappe, denudation had lasted for approximately 800 thousand years. The next stage of denudation occurred during thrust processes and after their completion and continues to this day. Over the millions of years, several kilometers of Carpathian rock deposits have been denuded.

Seismic activity of the Dnieper-Donetsk Basin, geodeformation fields and geotectonics of its seimogenic zones

V.P. Shliahovyi — 2025-04-07

The features of earthquakes in the center of the Dnieper-Donetsk Basin are being studied. Such events had not occurred for a century, but have been occurring near Poltava often in recent years. The reasons are unknown. Events can be generated by natural and man-made factors: activation of tectonic deformation fields, intensive production of the fluids, other large-scale man-made activities. A comparative analysis of seismicity, geophysics of the Dnieper-Donetsk Basin, and similar oil and gas provinces is performed.

A review of earthquake precursors

S.V. Shcherbyna — 2025-04-07

Over the course of scientific and technical work, the co-authors and their colleagues have developed and tested several modern methods of studying earthquake precursors. One of the methods is unique, its novelty has been recorded in the form of a patent for a utility model. Some other methods have been effectively tested many times, and successful forecast results have been obtained. All the methods listed below can be classified as spatiotemporal or parametric-temporal according to scientific directions. Such a simplified classification of earthquake precursor methods makes it possible to evaluate the results of their work efficiency and reliability according to the properties of their use.

International cooperation and publications of V.I. Starostenko indexed in Scopus and Web of Science

A.I. Yakimchik — 2025-04-07

The article analyses publications and scientometric indicators of Academician Vitality Ivanovich Starostenko, Doctor of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Professor, Head of the Department of Deep Earth Processes and Gravimetry, Advisor to the Directorate of the S.I. Subbotin Institute of Geophysics of the NAS of Ukraine, who celebrated his 90th anniversary this year. The scientific achievements of this outstanding geophysicist and organizer of science are summarized, and quantitative indicators from his profiles in the Scopus and Web of Science Core Collection databases are given. His Hirsch Index currently stands at 23, which is sky-high for the vast majority of Ukrainian scientists working in the field of Earth sciences. A list of V.I. Starostenko’s main co-authors and the number of works indexed in Scopus written with them is provided. In total, there are 150 co-authors. Information about the countries is provided, and scientists from various organizations who collaborated with V.I. Starostenko are mentioned.

Another (the last one) jubilee congratulation, this time from myself: I am 90

V.I. Starostenko — 2025-04-07

Another (the last one) jubilee congratulation, this time from myself: I am 90

Congratulations on the 90th birthday of Vitaliy Ivanovich Starostenko

Department Staff — 2025-04-07

Congratulations on the 90th birthday of Vitaliy Ivanovich Starostenko

EUROPROBE leadership (1991―2001) — V.I. Starostenko

R. Stephenson — 2025-04-07

This short paper is meant to be a brief 90^th birthday celebration of Academician Vitaly Starostenko’s fundamental contributions to EUROPROBE (a solid Earth integrated multidisciplinary programme of the European Science Foundation in the 1990s). Several major workshops of EUROPROBE projects and themes were held in Ukraine under Vitaly’s leadership and guidance, not to mention innumerable visits of many, many scientists to Ukraine, especially to the Institute of Geophysics, enabling numerous collaborative scientific works and scientific publications. Two major geophysical acquisition programmes in Ukraine were developed and executed under the EURIPROBE umbrella.

From the idea to the creation of an automated interpretation system of potential fields GMT-AUTO: step by step

I.B. Makarenko — 2025-04-07

We outline the way to GMT-Auto, an automated complex for interpreting potential fields. It includes three stages: 1995—2000, 2001—2009 and in 2010- the present day. The work at each stage included solving direct problems and creating software for entering information presented on paper, and outputting the received data in the graphical format. In 1995—2000, solutions to the direct gravimetry problem for an inhomogeneous randomly truncated vertical rectangular prism were given and programs were developed for calculating gravitational effects in a rectangular (3D Gravity) and spherical (Sfera) coordinate systems. The MAP program was created. It is oriented towards working with maps that do not contain images of functions with discontinuities of the first order. Algorithms were improved and a software package was created, which made it possible to automatically build geophysical maps based on field values at discretionary points on the plane. In 2001—2009 the Geophys0 package was developed for automated interactive processing of black and white images of geological and geophysical data, the main content of which is information about contour lines and their discontinuities of the first order (faults, breaks, etc.). In 2003, a solution was found for the direct stationary geothermal problems about the distribution of heat and heat flow in the homogeneous half-space, generated by a stationary source (an inhomogeneous, randomly cut, vertical rectangular prism). In 2005, there was found a strict solution to the direct magnetometry problem for arandomly cut vertical rectangular prism and a quadrangular pyramid with anisotropic magnetic accessibility (the accessibility is given inside the bodies as a function of coordinates). In 2006, the Profile software package was developed to solve direct problems in gravimetry, magnetometry, and geothermy, in which the possibility of taking into account the terrain relief was additionally implemented. In 2009, to solve the direct problem of magnetometry, an algorithm for calculating magnetic fields for complex-shaped monoclinals and folded structures with homogeneous anisotropy was proposed, and the Magnitca program was created. From 2010 to the present, work has been carried out to create the interactive software complex Isohypse, for processing monochrome (black and white) and color (original maps) images of objects given in rectangular or geographic coordinate systems. In 2010—2011, the SpaceMap program was developed, which made it possible to enter information into the computer, represented graphically in the form of bodies (areas). In 2015, the Sfera program algorithm was improved, adding the ability to specify the depth of the roof and the base of the layer both as a number and as a file. In 2021, the GMT-Auto complex began to be used to build density models along the profile line. The experience of its application is presented both for solving regional problems and for solving complex applied problems of modern geology.

Can’t help saying. Notes on one of the world’s leaders in the Earth Sciences (Vitaly Ivanovych Starostenko is 90!)

O.B. Gintov — 2025-04-07

The life and outstanding achievements of the modern world leader in Earth sciences and organizational talent of V.I. Starostenko are briefly reviewed in connection with his 90th birthday.

Notes on the “experience of jubilee self-congratulation” of V. I. Starostenko (towards the 90th anniversary)

V.P. Kobolev — 2025-04-07

This article is devoted to the significant milestones accomplished during the research career of the outstanding Ukrainian scientist-geophysics, V.I. Starostenko. His considerations on geophysics, science, Academy, some biographic data and thoughts have been presented.

V. I. Starostenko: 90th anniversary and the 50th anniversary of the Specialized Scientific Council!

M.I. Orlyuk — 2025-04-07

The article is dedicated to the contribution of Vitaliy Ivanovich Starostenko to the training of highly qualified personnel, namely, to his work in the Specialized Academic Council for the defense of dissertations for the degree of Doctor and Candidate of Sciences at the S.I. Subbotin Institute of Geophysics of the NAS of Ukraine.

A word about Ukraine’s flagship of marine sciences (towards V. I. Starostenko’s 90th anniversary)

O.A. Shchiptsov — 2025-04-07

The article is dedicated to V.I. Starostenko, an outstanding Ukrainian geophysicist who has significant and diverse experience in organizing strategically important events for domestic science. He took an active part in many marine expeditions and conducting research within the framework of international scientific programs and projects. The results of scientific expeditions obtained in various water areas of the World Ocean became the basis for writing fundamental works devoted to the structure of the Earth's crust and upper mantle.

Student to Academician (Alma mater congratulates Vitaly Starostenko on his 90th birthday)

S.A. Vyzhva — 2025-04-07

The article briefly describes the history of the Geological Faculty of Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv. Outstanding teachers and graduates are mentioned - one of whom is Doctor of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Professor, Academician of the NAS of Ukraine Starostenko Vitaliy Ivanovych - a graduate of the Department of Geophysics in 1958.