REGULARITIES OF INFLUENCE OF TECHNOLOGICAL PARAMETERS AND EXTERNAL FACTORS ON THE TEMPERATURE AND COMPOSITION OF COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OF PYROTECHNICAL NITRATE-METAL MIXTURES
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.24025/2306-4412.4.2020.215189Keywords:
pyrotechnic mixtures, thermodynamic calculations, nitrate-containing oxidizer, metal fuel, combustion processes, fire safety.Abstract
Methods for calculating the temperature and composition of combustion products of mixtures of magnesium and potassium nitrate powders, which are widely used in the equipment of various pyrotechnic articles (lighting, signaling, tracing, etc.), are currently absent. The aim of this work is to determine the use of thermodynamic methods to calculate the dependences of the temperature and composition of combustion products of pyrotechnic mixtures of magnesium and potassium nitrate powders on the ratio of components and external pressure. The results of thermodynamic calculations of the dependences of the temperature and composition of combustion products of pyrotechnic mixtures of magnesium and potassium nitrate powders on the coefficient of excess oxidant α = 0,1…3,0, the value of organic additive e = 5…20 % and external pressure P = 105… 3*107 Pa, which determine the explosive modes of their combustion, are obtained. The research has been carried out using the methods of thermodynamic analysis of combustion processes of mixtures taking into account the phase imbalance of their combustion products. According to the thermodynamic calculation, the temperature of the combustion products significantly depends on the coefficient of excess oxidant in the mixture and pressure and has a maximum. From the data of thermodynamic calculations of the temperature of combustion products of mixtures of magnesium + potassium nitrate + paraffin, stearin, naphthalene, anthracene it follows that the introduction of additives of organic matter into the mixture of magnesium with sodium nitrate does not significantly change the overall temperature of combustion products, pressure for double mixture. The analysis of the results of calculations shows that regardless of the nature of the additive, the curve Tс(α), as in the case of a double mixture, at different pressures has a maximum. When adding paraffin, naphthalene and anthracene to the mixture, the value of Tс at α = 0,1, in contrast to the double mixture and the mixture with the addition of stearin, is greater than at α = 6,0. The introduction of the addition of stearin into the mixture, regardless of the coefficient of excess oxidant and pressure, leads to a significant reduction in Tс. The introduction of the same additives of paraffin, naphthalene and anthracene in the mixture leads to a significant decrease in Tс, regardless of α only in the region of low pressure, in the region of high pressure for large α (α > 5,0), on the contrary, increasing the addition of these substances leads to an increase in Tс. When adding stearin, naphthalene and anthracene additives to the mixture, the position of the maximum Tсmax is shifted towards the excess of oxidant, which is not observed when adding paraffin to the mixture.
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Copyright (c) 2020 Роман Борисович Мотрічук, Оксана В’ячеславівна Кириченко, В’ячеслав Андрійович Ващенко, Сергій Олександрович Колінько, Тетяна Іванівна Бутенко, Євгеній Павлович Кириченко, Валентин Вікторович Цибулін The authors who publish in this journal agree to the following terms:The authors reserve the right to authorship of their work and give the journal the right to first publish this work under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License CC BY-NC, which allows other persons to freely distribute published work with a mandatory reference to authors of the original work and the first publication of the work in this journal.
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