CLASSIFICATION OF CARBON DIOXIDE UTILIZATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE CONDITIONS OF A CLOSED CYCLE ECONOMY
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.24025/2306-4412.2.2021.227052Keywords:
carbon dioxide, conversion, organic compounds, carbon capture and storage technology, greenhouse gases.Abstract
The current state of the environment no longer allows to treat it thoughtlessly. A large number of different substances are released into the environment. Carbon dioxide is one of them. Its emissions into the air have reached such critical values that a large number of scientists are beginning to take it seriously, and develop a variety of technologies not only to reduce emissions into the air, but also to recycle the amount already in the air. Various methods can be used to prepare various compounds from carbon dioxide, in particular:
- ordinary thermal conversion of carbon dioxide. It, in turn, is divided into the decomposition of carbon dioxide and the conversion of CO2 in combination with a co-reagent, methane, H2 or H2O. The first method is not very effective and is used little. The second one makes it possible to obtain various organic compounds;
- solar thermochemical conversion – the use of solar energy for thermochemical transformation. This method does not require additional energy sources and does not have a negative impact on the environment; - photochemical conversion. This method differs from solar conversion in that it uses photon energy to carry out the reaction;
- chemical-free conversion. This conversion of solar energy into chemical energy is a "natural" photosynthesis for biofuel production;
- electrochemical conversion. This is a method in which electrical energy is supplied to create a potential between the two electrodes of the cell, which makes it possible to convert carbon dioxide into chemical compounds;
- plasma carbon dioxide conversion technology. This is a method that uses different types of plasma. Discharges as the largest plasma sources used to convert carbon dioxide include a dielectric barrier discharge (also called "quiet" due to "slow" electrons), a microwave oven, a sliding arc, а de-cay, a corona, a spark, and a pulse. Each of the methods can be used depending on the task and capabilities of the region where the use of this method is planned.
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