THE CAUSES AND BACKGROUND OF THE WOMENʼS MOVEMENT IN UKRAINE ILLUSTRATED BY WOMENʼS ASSOCIATIONS (second half of XIX – early XX century)
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.24919/2313-2094.5/37.102611Keywords:
womenʼs movement, womenʼs associations, womenʼs emancipation, feminism, nation, spiritual growthAbstract
The article deals with comprehensive analysis of the womenʼs movement in Ukraine. More thorough attention is given, in particular, to the role of Ukrainian civil societies in Western Ukraine (the second half of the nineteenth – early twentieth century). The authors emphasized that in order to find a unifying idea it is very important to realize the importance of involving women to public life, learning the historical lessons of the womenʼs movement of the first wave, understanding the traditions of the movement and so on.
The authors have traced the actions and active participation of women in life of the nation to realize their democratic right in order to influence political, economic and cultural life of the state, to improve their sociopolitical activity and social status, for formation of a new national women type.
The main causes and background of the process of womenʼs emancipation illustrated by numerous womenʼs associations who actively fought for the development of law, national culture and education. Despite the political development of Russia and Austro-Hungary, womenʼs movement in Ukraine took place within and in accordance with the processes held in womenʼs movement in the countries of the European world.
In order to define the relationship between womenʼs societies in Western Ukraine and Naddniprianski region the authors have analysed the activities of womenʼs cultural and educational societies in the local public and political life. The analysis says that women activities were not directly linked with feminism but concerned the promotion of new psychological perception of women in society.
The article reveals the importance of social activity among famous Ukrainian-women and determines their impact the on the successful establishment and development of the organized womenʼs movement, its public recognition and awakening of national consciousness among all Ukrainian people.
The article shows that the womenʼs movement as in whole Ukraine so Western Ukraine in particular, proved to be in a pressing need of that time. The movement campaign was formed and was developing under contemporary political, social, economic and cultural objectives aimed at the growth of Western Ukraine. The author highlights that the most characteristic features of the womenʼs movement in Western Ukraine was the dominance of the concept of liberal feminism, which is closely connected with the purpose of national liberation struggle and the formation of organizational structure, which resembles in type its contemporary European counterparts.
The suggested theoretical statements and conclusions in the article provide new materials for understanding, awareness and analysis of important cultural and educational activities of womenʼs associations in the set period necessary to complete and holistic playback features of educational thought and history of national education.
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