Epidemiological features of the skin cancer
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.15587/2313-8416.2016.64835Ключевые слова:
melanoma, carcinoma skin, Kaposi's sarcoma, morbidity, prevalence, recurrence, mortalityАннотация
Background: The relevance of the study of oncological pathology of the skin is due to the annual increase of morbidity rate of skin cancer and significantly high mortality rate among patients. The research of epidemiological features of skin cancer will identify risk groups and those who need primary medical care.
The basis for the research of the epidemiological features of skin cancer among the contingent of SIS – State Institution of Science “Research and Practical Centre of Preventive and Clinical Medicine” of the State Administrative Department (SIS “RPC PCM” SAD) is personalized information on patients that's stored in the database of the SIS since 1996. For the retrospective epidemiological analysis were used data from 2005 to 2014. The obtained results were compared with corresponding figures among patients from Kyiv and Ukraine.
Results: The morbidity rate of melanoma and NMCS (Non-melanoma cancers of the skin) is higher than the corresponding figures of the population of Kyiv and Ukraine, despite the decline in the incidence of melanoma in 2014 by 14 % compared to the year 2013. The mortality rate of patients with skin cancer, mainly due to patients with melanoma, among the contingent of SIS is also higher than the corresponding figures of the population of Kyiv and Ukraine. The majority of patients with skin cancer were men of the 2nd period of middle age and elderly age. The highest morbidity rate of skin cancer was registered in age groups of 65–74 years old and 75 years old and older regardless of gender. The recurrence and prolongation of oncological process were registered among patients with melanoma in 2.3 %, and among patients with NMCS– 1.1 % annually.
Conclusions: The obtained results showed a significant prevalence of skin cancer among the contingent of SIS compared with the morbidity rate of melanoma among the population of Kyiv and Ukraine. The analysis of epidemiological characteristics show the need for raising awareness of primary care physicians of the earliest clinical manifestations of skin cancer, raising patients awareness of the negative effects of ultraviolet radiation and solariums, the need for protection against ultraviolet irradiation, the use of methods of self-examination, timely reference to a doctor
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