To the issue of legal regulation of artificial intelligence technologies: European experience and Ukrainian realities
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.15587/2523-4153.2025.348505Keywords:
artificial intelligence, legal regime of artificial intelligence, personal data protection, human rights, artificial intelligence technologies, artificial intelligence systems, legal regulation, administrative and legal regulationAbstract
The article emphasizes the importance and relevance of legal regulation of the development, creation, implementation, and use of artificial intelligence systems in the current context of globalization and digitalization of all spheres of public life. It is noted that the use of artificial intelligence systems, along with significant benefits, may also carry significant risks in various areas. In particular, these are the areas of information and cybersecurity, exploitation of artificial intelligence technologies, ethics, and legal regulation. The article examines the main provisions of the Artificial Intelligence Act, which entered into force on August 1, 2024, and is the world's first regulatory act controlling the use of artificial intelligence systems based on risks. It is determined that, in accordance with the provisions of the said Law, four groups of risks are distinguished. The author distinguishes the range of entities (public and private) that are subject to the obligations set out in the Artificial Intelligence Act, for example, (suppliers (program developers), deployers of artificial intelligence systems, etc.) It is noted that artificial intelligence systems intended exclusively for military, defense or national security purposes are exempt from regulation, regardless of the type of entity engaged in such activities. It is noted that in connection with the adoption of the Artificial Intelligence Act, the issue of legal regulation of artificial intelligence technologies in Ukraine is becoming even more relevant. The author emphasizes that today Ukraine has a number of legal acts, which directly or indirectly relate to the use of artificial intelligence technologies. At the same time, the author emphasizes the need to further develop an effective mechanism for regulating the development, creation, implementation, and use of artificial intelligence systems. The first step in this direction may be the implementation of the Artificial Intelligence Act, and the second – the development and further implementation of a comprehensive Law on Artificial Intelligence based on a European legal act
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