Clinical-psychopathological and psychometric features of maladaptive disorders which are a characteristic of students who have experienced psycho-emotional stress

A.I.  Sharun; L.M. Yuryeva

doi:10.26641/2307-0404.2022.2.260257

Authors

A.I. Sharun Dnipro State Medical University, V. Vernadskoho str, 9, Dnipro, 49044, Ukraine https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0567-8799
L.M. Yuryeva Dnipro State Medical University, V. Vernadskoho str, 9, Dnipro, 49044, Ukraine https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1713-1037

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.26641/2307-0404.2022.2.260257

Keywords:

students, internally displaced persons, psychometry, adaptation disorders, stress, relatives of combatants

Abstract

The purpose of this study is to discover the most relevant psychopathological features of maladaptive disorders arising under the influence of psycho-emotional stress in the student community and associated with consequences of military conflict, and identify potential diagnostic and treatment-rehabilitation measures for improving effectiveness of their primary, secondary and tertiary prevention in future. The study was conducted in 4 stages on the basis of an adapted questionnaire and a set of psychometric methods, involving 249 adult students (over 18 years), including a group of respondents at greatest risk – and namely students who are internally displaced persons and students children of anti-terrorist operation participants. The studies have shown a decrease in psychological well-being, the predominance of leading psychopathological symptoms of anxiety, lack of interest in life, lack of motivation, loss of vital energy, feelings of hopelessness, suicidal thoughts, somatic symptoms in the form of disorders of the cardiovascular, gastrointestinal systems, higher medium severity levels of asthenic manifestations; worse than the general indicator of quality of life among the respondents of the main group. Inverse correlation between a high level of state anxiety (r= -0.6) and trait anxiety (r= -0.45) and a low level of mental well-being has been proved. The obtained results can be used to substantiate and continue transformation of the system of social and medical support in health care, in particular when developing measures aimed at preventing development of non-psychotic mental disorders among students in Ukraine, which will optimize human resources and further health improvement of student youths.

References

Antomonov MY. [Mathematical processing and analysis of medical and biologic data]. 2-d ed. Kyiv: Medinform; 2018. p. 579. Russian.

Biziuk AP, Vasserman LI, Iovlev BV. [Application of the Integrative Anxiety Test (ITT): Guidelines]. Sankt Peterburg; 1997. p. 23. Russian.

Gusakova IV, Omelchenko OD, Nikolaenko OA, Bogomaz OV. [The level of depression and anxiety among students studying at the medical university of Ukraine]. Medicine. Juvenisscientia. 2017;( 2):13-15. Russian. Available from: https://readera.org/14110151

Kіosieva OV. [Psychopathological characteristics of the emotional sphere in undergraduate students]. Uk-rainskyi vіsnik psihonevrolohіi. 2016;24(1):60-63. Russian.

doi: https://doi.org/10.11603/1681–2786.2016.1.6592

Malahov PS, Asieieva YuO, Harіtonova AS. [Problems of adaptation of medical students]. Medichna psiholohiia. 2016;(2):3-5. Ukrainian. Available from: http://nbuv.gov.ua/UJRN/Mpsl_2016_11_2_3

Pshuk NG, Slobodianiuk DP. [The role of psy-chosocial factors in the genesis of social maladaptation in student youth]. Ukrainskyi vіsnik psihonevrolohii. 2015;23(2):86-91. Ukrainian. Available from: http://uvnpn.com.ua/upload/iblock/d3f/d3f5232d0c31aac7e 5270f2bf509f1c9.pdf

Chaban OS, Khaustova OO, Bezsheiko VG, Mos-kalenko OV. [Validation of the “Quality of Life Asses-sment Scale”]. Ukrainskyi vіsnik psihonevrolohіi. 2017;25(1):159-60. Ukrainian. Available from: http://nbuv.gov.ua/UJRN/Uvp_2017_25_1_179

Chaban OS, Khaustova OO, Trachuk LYe. [Ways to increase the effectiveness of teaching students majoring in "Medical Psychology"]. Medichna psi-holohіia. 2016;(1):3-8. Ukrainian. Available from: http://nbuv.gov.ua/UJRN/Mpsl_2016_11_1_3

Shevelenkova TD, Fesenko PP. [Psychological well-being of the individual]. Psihologicheskaia diag-nostika. 2005;(3):95-121. Russian.

Malkova LD. [Asthenic state scale (ASS)]. [In-ternet]. Russian. Available from: https://psycabi.net/testy/129-test-dlya-diagnostiki-astenii-shkala-astenicheskogo-sostoyaniya-shas-l-d-malkovoj

Yurieva LM, Shornіkov AV. [Psychological state of future physicians during distance learning]. Zdobutky klі¬nіch¬noi i eksperimentalnoi medytsyny. 2021;(1):156-9. Ukrai¬nian. doi: https://doi.org/10.11603/1811-2471.2021.v.i1.12008

Bachem R, Casey P. Adjustment disorder: A diagnosis whose time has come. J. Affect. Disord. 2017;227:243-53. doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jad.2017.10.034

Derogatis LR. SCL-90-R: Administration, Scoring of Procedures Manual-II for the R (evised) Version and Other Instruments of the Psychopathology Rating Scale Series: Clinical Psychometric Research Incorporated; 1992.

Fink DS, Lowe S, Cohen GH, Sampson LA, Ur-sano RJ, Gifford RK, et al. Trajectories of posttraumatic stress symptoms after civilian or deployment traumatic event experiences. Psychol. Trauma. 2017;9:138. doi: https://doi.org/10.1037/tra0000147

Gradus JL. Prevalence and prognosis of stress disorders: A review of the epidemiologic literature. Clin. Epidemiol. 2017;9:251. doi: https://doi.org/10.2147/CLEP.S106250

O'Donnell ML, Agathos JA, Metcalf O, Gibson K, Lau W. Adjustment Disorder: Current Developments and Future Directions. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2019 Jul 16;16(14):2537. PMID: 31315203. doi: https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph16142537

Schmieschek H. Questionnaire for the determi-nation of accentuated personalities. Psychiatrie, Neurolo-gie und Medizinische Psychologie. 1970;22(10):378-81.