HYDROCARBONS AND MIXTURES ON THEIR BASIS AS AN EFFECTIVE WORKERS FLUIDS OF REFRIGERATING MACHINES

Abstract

The interest for application in refrigerating machines the natural coolants are permanently grows. To them includes such hydrocarbons as R290, R600a and R600, and also non-azeotropic mixtures on their basis. The authors developed the united equations of condition of hydrocarbons R170, R290, R600a and R600 and possible non-azeotropic mixtures for account of thermodynamic properties and characteristics of cycles. The classification of thermodynamic non-regenerative and regenerative cycles of refrigerating machines is developed, in which the specified mixtures are used as working fluids. The results of comparative tests of several hermetic compressors working on R12, R134a, hydrocarbons and their mixtures are resulted. The generalized mathematical model of hermetic compressor describing volumetric and power losses in function from a degree of increase of pressure is created. Is put and solve the task of definition the optimum meanings of cycles pressure on mixtures and structures answering to the extremum of assigned efficiency function. The ways of the further improvement of the characteristics of small refrigerating machines with non-azeotropic mixtures of hydrocarbons as by effective working fluids are shown.