DEVELOPMENT OF DIFFERENT CRYOGENIC FILLING AND BENCH COMPLEXES OF ROCKET AND SPACE ENGINEERING
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.18198/j.ind.gases.2014.0739Keywords:
Cryogenic systems, Hydrogen, Nitrogen, Oxygen, Rocket and space engineering, Bench and launch complexes, Gas ejectorsAbstract
The stages of Cryogenmash designing cryogenic systems of accumulation, storage, refrigeration, fueling the units of rocket and space engineering (RCE) with liquid hydrogen and oxygen, which were developed since the 60s of the last century, are considered in development. The description of domestic bench and launch systems as well as the systems developed for the international space exploration programs has been given. A particular attention is paid to the analysis of methods of liquid hydrogen and oxygen refrigeration and thermostating in the rocket tanks and their consumption depending on the requirements. The efficiency and safety of the developed systems with retaining cryogenic fuel quality is ensured by cryogenic fuel refrigeration in the fuel flow while filling the tank of the rockets. This unique method is accepted in the world practice as basic and is used not only in the Energy-Buran system, but also in the systems of Angara, Zenit-SeaLaunch and HSLV.
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