Medical-demographic problems of Ukraine and some ways of their overcoming.
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.26641/2307-0404.2018.3.147966Keywords:
dynamics of demographic indicators, depopulation, demographic crisis, ecological catastrophyAbstract
The article covers the main medical and demographic problems of Ukraine: birth-rate decline, growth of mortality; moving of qualified personnel abroad, which led to a decrease in the population over the years of independence by more than 9.5 million people. The total birth rate in Ukraine in 2017 was 10.3 per 1000 people, which is 14.9% lower than in 1991. The lowest birth rate was observed in 2000-2002 (7.8, 7.7, 8.1). Then gradually there is an increase in the indicators in 2012 - 11.4 per 1000 people. The total mortality rate in 2017 is 14.4, which is 11.6% higher than in 1991. According to the analysis period, the lowest mortality rate was registered in 1991 - 12.9%. The most high-speed in the period 2005-2008. (16.6, 16.2, 16.4). The natural increase from -0.8 dropped to-4.1 (more than 5 times). The demographic situation in Ukraine is characterized by depopulation, it is characterized by demographic crisis, the main features of which are adverse changes not only in the number but also in the healthy of population, which is manifested in the decrease in the average life expectancy, the deterioration of the health of children and adolescents, the growth of malformations among newborns, high mortality rates from circulatory system diseases; oncological diseases, injuries, poisonings and other consequences of external causes; men's super mortality. The main causes of these phenomena are the protracted economic crisis, the ecological catastrophe (Chernobyl), the country's being in a state of hybrid war, which led to a sharp decline in living standards, uncertainty of the population in the future deaths of people. We offered some ways to over come the country's demographic crisis.
References
Bikonya SF. [Transformation of the Ukrainian Economy in the Aspect of the New Economic and Scientific Theory]. Naukovi pračí Don. NTU. Ser.: Economical.Donetsk, DonNTU, 2005;89:102. Ukrainian.
Lehan VM, Ipatov AV, Gubar IO, Zakov OL. [Using the DALY methodology for assessing the global burden of diseases of the population ofUkraine]. Conference "Demographic and medical statistics ofUkraineat the XXI table”. Kyiv. 2004;152. Ukrainian.
Gaborets YuYu, Dudina OO. [The dynamics of morbidity incidence of the child population ofUkrainein the regional aspect and the prevalence of illness among them].Ukraine. Healthy nation. 2017;4(45):18-22. Ukrainian.
[Demographic situation inUkraine]. [Internet]. Available from: https://economistua.com/demograficheskaya-situatsiya-v-ukraine. Russian.
[Demographic situation inUkraine: 100 died – 58 born people]. [Internet]. Available from: https://health.unian.ua/country/1980691. Ukrainian.
Yeroshkina TV, Borisenko SS. [The dynamics of socio-demographic indicators of the population of the Dnipropetrovsk region]. Actual problems of economics. 2015;276-84. Russian.
[The Law ofUkraine"On the All-Ukrainian Population Census"; 19 October 2000]. Available from: http://zakon2.rada.gov.ua/laws/show/2058-14. Ukrainian.
Krapivina AA. [Characteristics of the morbidity and prevalence of diseases among the adult population ofUkrainein the gender aspect].Ukraine. Healthy nation. 2017;326-7. Ukrainian.
Lehan V, Rudyi V, Nolte E. [Health systems in the transition period].Ukraine.Copenhagen, WHO Regional Office forEurope. 2004;144. Russian.
Lehan VM, Slabkiy GO, Shevchenko MV. [Health Care Development Strategy].Ukrainevimir.Kiev. 2006;6-12. Ukrainian.
Lіbanova E. [How to overcome the demographic crisis]. Labor and salary. 2007;12:4-5. Ukrainian.
Markovych II. [The effect of medical and demographic indicators on the reform of the medical sector as a component of the security system ofUkraine].Ukraine. Healthy nation. 2013;29-34. Ukrainian.
[Peaceful Democratization -Geneva: United Nations Economic and Social Council]. 2011;35. Russian.
Palіenko OA. [Demographic crisis inUkraine: ways to overcome it]. YoungScientist. 2017;133-6. Ukrainian.
Poznyak OV. [Demographic Perspectives ofUkrainebefore 2060]. Demografiya ta sotsialna ekonomika. 2014;72-84. Ukrainian.
[Strategy of demographic development for 2006-2015: Projects / projects. for the vetch. І.M. Nowak]. Кyiv. 2005;20. Ukrainian.
Tkachenko L. [Demografichnu crisis can be overcome if ...]. Osvita Ukrainy. 2005;10-11. Ukrainian.
[Annual report on the state of health of the population ofUkraineand the sanitary and epidemiological situation]. 2015 edit. BV Shafransky. Kyiv. 2016;452. Ukrainian.
Anand S Ammar W Evans T. eds. Report of te scientific peer review group of health systems performance assesment.Geneva, WHO; 2002. Available from: http//www.who.int/health-systems- performance
Hemmingsson H, Jonsson H. An occupational perspective on the concept of participation in the international classification of functioning, disability and health – some critical remarks. The American Journal of Occupational Therapy. 2005;59:569-76.
Lekhan V, Rudiy V, Richardson E. Ukraine: Health system review. Health Systems in Transition. 2010;12(8):1-183.
Melse JM. Essink-Bot ML Kramers PGN, Hoymeans NA. National burden of disease calculation: Dutch DALYs. American Journal of Public Health. 2000;1241-47.
Monitoring of The strategy for health for all by The year 2000. Part 2. Monitoring by country.Copenhagen: WHO, Regional office forEurope. 1998;296.
MurrayCJL, Lopez AD. Progress and directions in refinting the global burden of disease approach respronce to Williams. Health Economics. 2000;69-82.
Summary measures of population health: concepts, ethics, measurement and applications, edited by Christooher J.L. Murray.Geneva, WHO. 2002;770.
Evans D Tandon A,MurrayCJL Lauer J. The comparative efficiency of national health systems in producing health: an analysis of 191countries.Geneva: World Health Organization; 2000.
Downloads
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2018 Medicni perspektivi (Medical perspectives)
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Submitting manuscript to the journal "Medicni perspektivi" the author(s) agree with transferring copyright from the author(s) to publisher (including photos, figures, tables, etc.) editor, reproducing materials of the manuscript in the journal, Internet, translation into other languages, export and import of the issue with the author’s article, spreading without limitation of their period of validity both on the territory of Ukraine and other countries. This and other mutual duties of the author and all co-authors separately and editorial board are secured by written agreement by special form to use the article, the sample of which is presented on the site.
Author signs a written agreement and sends it to Editorial Board simultaneously with submission of the manuscript.
