Comparative analysis of aldehyde dehydrogenase 1 expression in polyps and adenocarcinoma of the distal colon

Authors

  • M.A. Shyshkin Zaporizhzhіa State Medical University, Department of Pathological Anatomy and Forensic Medicine, Maiakovskyi av., 26, Zaporizhzhia, 69035, Ukraine https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8979-8463
  • T.O. Khrystenko Zaporizhzhіa State Medical University, Department of Pathological Anatomy and Forensic Medicine, Maiakovskyi av., 26, Zaporizhzhia, 69035, Ukraine https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3364-3339

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.26641/2307-0404.2020.4.221242

Keywords:

polyps, colorectal cancer, aldehyde dehydrogenase 1

Abstract

Aldehyde dehydrogenase 1 (ALDH1) is one of the most widely used cancer stem cells markers, even though the question of its significance for certain stages of colorectal carcinogenesis is still unclear. The aim of this study was to compare ALDH1 immunohistochemical expression levels in polyps and adenocarcinoma of the distal colon. Histopathological and immunohistochemical studies of biopsies from 40 patients (biopsies of polyps and histologically non-changed mucosa of the distal colon), as well as surgical material of colorectal adenocarcinoma from 30 patients were carried out. It was established that distal colonic polyps are characterized by cytoplasmic expression of ALDH1 with the median of relative area that is equal to 25.63 (18.26; 30.42)% stromal cells. ALDH1 expression by epitheliocytes is revealed exclusively in dysplastic polyps with the median of the area that is equal to 22.13 (17.22; 30.05)%. Colorectal adenocarcinoma is characterized by cytoplasmic expression of ALDH1 with the medians of the area that are equal to 40,22 (22,54; 47,77)% stromal cells and 32,12 (23.64; 40.28)% cancer cells. The area of ALDH1+ cells varies depending on the pTNM stage of the carcinoma, herewith the median of ALDH1+ stromal cells is significantly increasing during the tumor progression from the I to the III stages that displays increasing in number of stromal cells which are involved in oncogenic signaling pathways activation. The median of ALDH1+ cancer cells is significantly increasing during the tumor progression from the III to the IV stages that shows increasing number of cancer cells that acquire properties of stem cells on advanced stages of colorectal adenocarcinoma. Comparative analysis of the parameters obtained for polyps and carcinoma indicates that the median of ALDH1+ stromal cells area in polyps is 2 times smaller than the median of ALDH1+ stromal cells area in carcinoma, and the median of ALDH1+ epitheliocytes area in polyps is 1.5 times smaller than the median of ALDH1+ cancer cells area.

References

Tumanskyi VO, Yevsieiev AV, Kovalenko IS, Zubko MD. [Patent of Ukraine 99314, IPC 2015.01 G01N 21/00 G06K 9/00 The technique of digital morphometry of immunohistochemical slides]. Biuleten, 10. Ukrainian.

Vermani L, Kumar NS, Talukdar A, Deka M, Kan­nan R, Kumar R. Abstract 4924: High ALDH1 ex­pres­sion in colorectal carcinoma could predict early onset of the disease. Cancer Research. 2019;79(13):4924. doi: https://doi.org/10.1158/1538-7445.AM2019-4924

Singh S, Arcaroli J, Thompson DC, Messers­mith W, Vasiliou V. Acetaldehyde and retinaldehyde-me­tabolizing enzymes in colon and pancreatic cancers. Advances in experimental medicine and biology. 2015;815:281-94. doi: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-09614-8_16

Kozovska Z, Patsalias A, Bajzik V, Durinikova E, Demkova L, Jargasova S, Smolkova B, Plava J, Kuce­rova L, Matuskova M. ALDH1A inhibition sensitizes colon cancer cells to chemotherapy. BMC Cancer. 2018;18(1):656. doi: https://doi.org/10.1186/s12885-018-4572-6

Moharil RB, Dive A, Khandekar S, Bodhade A. Cancer stem cells: An insight. J Oral Maxillofac Pathol. 2017;21(3):463. doi: https://doi.org/10.4103/jomfp.JOMFP_132_16

Choi JE, Bae JS, Kang MJ, Chung MJ, Jang KY, Park HS, Moon WS. Expression of epithelial-mesen­chymal transition and cancer stem cell markers in colo­rectal adenocarcinoma: Clinicopathological signifi­cance. Oncol Rep. 2017;38(3):1695-705. doi: https://doi.org/10.3892/or.2017.5790

Kuşoğlu A, Biray Avcı Ç. Cancer stem cells: A brief review of the current status. Gene. 2019;681:80-85. doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gene.2018.09.052

Petrie A, Sabin C. Medical Statistics at a Glance. 4th edition. Wiley-Blackwell; 2019. p. 208.

Chen J, Xia Q, Jiang B, Chang W, Yuan W, Ma Z, Liu Z, Shu X. Prognostic Value of Cancer Stem Cell Marker ALDH1 Expression in Colorectal Cancer: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. PLoS One. 2015;10(12):e0145164. doi: https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0145164

Ruscito I, Darb-Esfahani S, Kulbe H, Bellati F, Zizzari IG, Koshkaki HR, Napoletano C, Caserta D, Rughetti A, Kessler M, Sehouli J, Nuti M, Braicu EI. The prognostic impact of cancer stem-like cell biomarker aldehyde dehydrogenase-1 (ALDH1) in ovarian cancer: A meta-analysis. Gynecol Oncol. 2018;150(1):151-7. doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ygyno.2018.05.006

Vassalli G. Aldehyde Dehydrogenases: Not Just Markers, but Functional Regulators of Stem Cells. Stem cells international. 2019;2019:3904645. doi: https://doi.org/10.1155/2019/3904645

Downloads

Published

2020-12-28

How to Cite

1.
Shyshkin M, Khrystenko T. Comparative analysis of aldehyde dehydrogenase 1 expression in polyps and adenocarcinoma of the distal colon. Med. perspekt. [Internet]. 2020Dec.28 [cited 2024Nov.14];25(4):95-8. Available from: https://journals.uran.ua/index.php/2307-0404/article/view/221242

Issue

Section

CLINICAL MEDICINE