Geoinformation technologies for engineering and geodetic surveys in the modernisation of railway infrastructure in Ukraine
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.30837/2522-9818.2024.4.039Keywords:
information process; functional modeling; data flows; laser scanning; stages of engineering and geodetic surveys; Leica GIS tools.Abstract
The subject of the study is remote methods of engineering and geodetic surveys in the modernisation of railway infrastructure in Ukraine. The purpose of the study is to increase the efficiency of engineering and geodetic surveys of railway infrastructure facilities in Ukraine through the use of modern geographic information system technologies. Objectives: To analyse the general state of the railway infrastructure of Ukraine in order to identify possible areas for its improvement; to study the existing regulatory framework governing engineering and geodetic surveys at railway infrastructure facilities during their modernisation; to evaluate the capabilities of modern GIS technologies in solving certain survey tasks; to formalize the processes of field and desk-based surveys; to work out the developed functional models in practice. Results. The results of the activities of JSC "Ukrainian Railways" show that it is the industry leader, but, despite its high development prospects, the modernisation and maintenance of railway infrastructure requires significant funds, which is a significant problem in the context of martial law. This requires the involvement of modern technologies and innovations, in particular, when conducting surveys of railway facilities. The article investigates the possibilities of modern GIS technologies in carrying out engineering and geodetic surveys at railway infrastructure facilities, the links between them, as well as their disadvantages and advantages. The analysis of the current regulatory framework in this area has shown that the use of GIS technologies in surveys is recommended, but not regulated. A DFD diagram has been developed that summarises and formalises the process of integrating materials obtained during surveys using GIS technologies into the country's geodatabase. Based on this diagram, the work of the field and cameral workstages was formalised. The developed functional models were tested empirically, using the example of a project to study the railway track and the surrounding situation on the ground in the direction of Kovel-Yahodyn-Border. It is shown how the proposed models accelerate the planning of such projects. Conclusions: The practical application of the developed functional models increases the efficiency of engineering and geodetic surveys at railway infrastructure facilities. In particular, the systematisation and structuring of data flows, algorithmisation of activities during the field and desk-based stages simplifies the planning of survey projects, increases the information content of the survey materials obtained while reducing the time spent on the work, and improvesthe accuracy of obtaining geometric and geodetic parameters of the area.
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