Решение задачи снижения износа фрикционной накладки тормозной системы автомобиля

Авторы

  • Evren S. Velizade Азербайджанский технический университет (AZ1073, Азербайджан, г. Баку, пр. Г. Джавида, 25), Azerbaijan https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6275-7090

Ключевые слова:

фрикционная пара, накладка, барабан, равномерный износ, шероховатость, оптимальная микрогеометрия поверхности трения

Аннотация

Изнашивание накладки и барабана тормозного механизма автомобиля происходит неравномерно, поэтому целесообразно уменьшать износ там, где он имеет наибольшее значение. Зная оптимальную микрогеометрию поверхности трения фрикционной пары, эту задачу возможно решить конструкторско-технологическими методами на этапах проектирования и изготовления. В работе теоретически решается задача по нахождению микрогеометрии поверхности трения, обеспечивающей равномерный износ фрикционной накладки. Принята модель шероховатой поверхности трения. Для решения поставленной задачи оптимизации сначала рассматривается износоконтактная задача о вдавливании накладки в поверхность тормозного барабана. Температурные функции, контактное давление, напряжения и перемещения в накладке и барабане ищутся в виде разложений по малому параметру. Для упрощения члены, содержащие степени малого параметра выше первой, отбрасываются. Каждое приближение удовлетворяет системе дифференциальных уравнений плоской термоупругости. Решение краевой задачи теории теплопроводности в каждом приближении находится методом разделения переменных. В каждом приближении для решения задачи термоупругости используются термоупругий потенциал перемещений и метод степенных рядов. С помощью метода наименьших квадратов построена замкнутая система алгебраических уравнений, позволяющая получить решение задачи оптимального проектирования пары трения «барабан-накладка» в зависимости от геометрических и механических характеристик тормозного барабана и накладки. Найденная микрогеометрия поверхности трения обеспечивает повышение износостойкости фрикционной накладки.

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Опубликован

2020-10-16

Выпуск

Раздел

Динамика и прочность машин