Numerical Simulation of Metal Hydride Battery Heat Conducting Matrix Heat-stressed and Deformed State
Keywords:
metal hydride, hydrogen, heat-conducting matrix, heat-stressed state, temperature levelAbstract
The problem of safe and effective storage of hydrogen is dealt with by many researchers in different countries. The method of storing hydrogen in a chemically bound state in metal hydride accumulators has a number of advantages in comparison with the storage methods in compressed or liquefied form. The use of metal hydrides makes it possible to achieve high packing density of hydrogen, which today reaches from 0.09 to 0.19 g/cm3, and for intermetallic hydrides − up to 0.56 g/cm3. The high safety of hydrogen storage in metal-hydride batteries should also be noted, which is especially important when using hydrogen in transport. When using numerical methods, the heat-stressed state of the heat-conducting matrix of a cylindrical metal hydride battery is considered. The matrix is made of an aluminum alloy and has rectangular cells filled with metal hydride in the form of a fine powder. The matrix is heated by two electric heating elements: a rod-type central element and a cylindrical peripheral one. The radial and axial expansions of the matrix in a body are limited by elastic elements made of heat-resistant steel. The simulation of the heat-conducting matrix heat-stressed and deformed states is performed for a hydrogen desorption regime for 900s at a temperature of 350 °C. As a metal hydride, magnesium hydride (MgH2) is chosen. The packing density of hydrogen in a metal hydride is assumed to be 0.11 g/cm3. The problem can be solved in Cartesian coordinates in a three-dimensional stationary setting. Calculation results show that during the hydrogen desorption process, the maximum temperature difference in the radial direction of the heat-conducting matrix is about 40 °C. The maximum radial expansion of the heat-conducting matrix reaches 0.56 mm, which is not critical for the reliable operation of a metal-hydride battery. The level of equivalent von Mises stresses varies within 10-60 MPa on the sections of the heat-conducting matrix cell-based structure, which does not exceed the level of the stress boundary values for the aluminum alloy, i.e. for these matrix design parameters there is a reserve for increasing heat exchange intensity.References
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