Features of public service organization in the customs authorities of Ukraine: analysis of legislative novelties

Abstract

The aim of the work is to examine the specifics of organizing public service in the customs authorities of Ukraine, focusing on analyzing legislative novelties affecting the performance of state functions by customs officers, improving management and staffing processes, and ensuring the efficiency of the customs service in the context of recent legal changes.

The methodological basis of the study includes an analysis of relevant legal documents, including amendments to the Customs Code of Ukraine and the Law on Civil Service, as well as a review of scientific literature and legal commentary on the subject. The research also involves comparative analysis of international practices, particularly from the European Union, to inform the development of customs competencies in Ukraine.

Results reveal that significant reforms have been introduced to the organization of public service in customs authorities, notably the establishment of specific requirements for candidates based on customs competencies, the shift to contractual civil service, and the introduction of a one-time certification for all customs officers. However, these changes have led to legal uncertainties, especially concerning the minimum duration of service contracts and contradictions between new provisions and the Constitution of Ukraine. Furthermore, while the introduction of rotation and psychophysiological testing is aimed at reducing corruption risks, their practical implementation remains unclear.

Conclusions emphasize the need for further clarification of key provisions, particularly regarding the minimum duration of service contracts and the requirement for re-certification. The study also highlights the importance of developing a clear structure for customs competencies tailored to the needs of the Ukrainian customs service. The introduction of specific customs competencies is seen as a crucial step in improving the effectiveness of personnel policy, though its successful implementation will depend on further refinement and standardization of legal frameworks. Additionally, issues surrounding the rotation mechanism and the mandatory nature of psychophysiological testing should be addressed to ensure the smooth functioning of these reforms.