Prevention and counteraction to corruption in the judicial system of Ukraine: international standards and regulatory regulation
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.61345/1339-7915.2024.6.8Keywords:
corruption, courts, prevention of corruption in courts, international and national anti-corruption legislation, shortcomings of legal regulationAbstract
The article clarifies international standards and regulatory regulation of preventing and countering corruption in the judicial system. The system of international acts in the field of preventing and countering corruption is determined; the features of regulatory regulation of preventing and countering corruption in the judicial system of Ukraine are clarified and some ways of its improvement are identified.
As a result of the study, it was established that the basis of international legal regulation and legislation of Ukraine on the prevention of corruption and corruption-related offenses in the judicial system are the provisions of such international regulatory documents as – the Civil Convention on Combating Corruption, the UN Convention against Corruption, the Criminal Convention on Combating Corruption (and the Additional Protocol thereto); laws of Ukraine - the Laws of Ukraine «On Prevention of Corruption», «On the Principles of State Anti-Corruption Policy for 2021-2025», «On the National Anti-Corruption Bureau of Ukraine», «On the Judiciary and the Status of a Judge», the Criminal Code of Ukraine and the Code of Ukraine on Administrative Offenses; subordinate legislation - decisions of the Cabinet of Ministers of Ukraine, orders and explanations of the National Agency for the Prevention of Corruption, on the features of the application of anti-corruption legislation; acts of doctrinal interpretation of legislation - decisions of higher judicial instances (the Constitutional Court of Ukraine and the Supreme Court) on the application of anti-corruption legislation in the process of considering cases of administrative or criminal corruption offenses.
It has been established that the main shortcomings of national legislation on the prevention of corruption and corruption-related offenses in the activities of a judge (court) are the following: a large number of anti-corruption regulatory acts that use the same concepts but with a slightly different interpretation; hasty and inconsistent adoption of amendments and additions to them; ineffectiveness of Anti-Corruption Programs, most of the provisions of which remain unimplemented due to the lack of either financial support or effective implementation mechanisms; lack of systematization of recommendations on the application of anti-corruption norms; lack of mandatory use of case law of higher courts on the application of anti-corruption legislation in the activities of courts.
References
Mistse Ukrainy v Indeksi spryiniattia koruptsii [Cities of Ukraine in the Corruption Perception Index](Corruption Perceptions Index – CPI) za 2024 rik: Transparency International Ukraine. URL: https://cpi.ti-ukraine.org. [Ukr.]
Mizhnarodne spivtovarystvo u borotbi z koruptsiieiu [International cooperation in the fight against corruption]. Baza danykh «Navchalni materialy». URL: https://works.doklad.ru/view/a5C1ydJ3S10/all.html (data zvernennia: 18.11.2024). [Ukr.]
Konventsiia Orhanizatsii Obiednanykh Natsii proty koruptsii vid 31 zhovtnia 2003 r. [Convention of the Organization of United Nations against Corruption] (ratyfikovana zghidno iz Zakonom Ukrainy «Pro ratyfikatsiiu Konventsii Orhanizatsii Obiednanykh Natsii proty koruptsii» vid 18 zhovtnia 2006 roku № 251-V. https://zakon.rada.gov.ua/laws/show/995_c16#Text [Ukr.]
Kryminalna konventsiia pro borotbu z koruptsiieiu № ETS173 vid 27 sichnia 1999 r. [Criminal Convention for the Combating of Corruption] (ratyfikovana zghidno iz Zakonom Ukrainy «Pro ratyfikatsiiu Kryminalnoi konventsii pro borotbu z koruptsiieiu» vid 18 zhovtnia 2006 r. № 252-V. https://zakon.rada.gov.ua/laws/show/994_101#Text [Ukr.]
Pro ratyfikatsiiu Dodatkovoho protokolu do Kryminalnoi konventsii pro borotbu z koruptsiieiu vid 18.10.2006 r. [For the ratification of the Additional Protocol to the Criminal Convention against Corruption] № 253-V. URL: https://zakon.rada.gov.ua/laws/show/253-16. [Ukr.]
Tsyvilna konventsiia pro borotbu z koruptsiieiu vid 04.11.1999 r. [Civil Convention for the Fight against Corruption] URL: https://zakon.rada.gov.ua/laws/show/994_102. [Ukr.]
Pro zapobihannia koruptsii: Zakon Ukrainy vid 14 zhovtnia 2014 roku № 1700-VII. [To prevent corruption] Vidomosti Verkhovnoi Rady. 2014. № 49. St.2056. [Ukr.]
Uroky zarubizhnoho dosvidu stvorennia ta diialnosti spetsialnykh antykoruptsiinykh orhaniv dlia Ukrainy [Lessons from foreign experience in creating and operating special anti-corruption organizations for Ukraine]. Navchalni materialy onlain : baza danykh. URL: https://pidruchniki.com/84742/pravo/uroki_zarubizhnogo_dsvidu (data zvernennia: 18.11.2024). [Ukr.]
DZhAFAROVA O.V., LYSENKO V.I & LEMISh O.O. (2018) Mizhnarodni standarty borotby z koruptsiieiu [International standards for combating corruption]. Priorytetni napriamy diialnosti Natsionalnoi politsii Ukrainy: zbirnyk materialiv kruhloho stolu. Kharkiv, S. 127-130. [Ukr.]
Eksperty: borotysia z koruptsiiu zavazhaie vplyv Uriadu na antykoruptsiini instytutsii ta oliharkhiv – na politychni partii [Experts: the fight against corruption will have an impact on the government’s anti-corruption institutions, and oligarchs will have an impact on political parties] Pechat Yua. URL: http://pechat-ua.info/novosti-ukrainy/item/2607-eksperti-borotisya-z-koruptsiyuzavazhae-vpliv-uryadu-na-antikoruptsijni-institutsiji-taoligarkhiv-na-politichni-partiji (data zvernennia: 18.11.2024). [Ukr.]
Pro zasady derzhavnoi antykoruptsiinoi polityky na 2021-2025 roky: Zakon Ukrainy vid 20.06.2022 № 2322-IX [For the principles of state anti-corruption policy]. Ofitsiinyi visnyk Ukrainy. 2022. № 56. St. 3272. [Ukr.]
Pro zatverdzhennia Derzhavnoi antykoruptsiinoi prohramy na 2023-2025 roky: Postanova KMU vid 04.03.2023 № 220 [For the approval of the State Anti-Corruption Program]. Ofitsiinyi visnyk Ukrainy. 2023. № 31. St. 1685. [Ukr.]
Pro sudoustrii i status suddiv: Zakon Ukrainy 2 chervnia 2016 roku № 1402-VIII [For the judiciary and the status of judges]. Vidomosti Verkhovnoi Rady. 2016. № 31. St.545. [Ukr.]
Pro zatverdzhennia Poriadku provedennia spetsialnoi perevirky stosovno osib, yaki pretenduiut na zainiattia posad, yaki peredbachaiut zainiattia vidpovidalnoho abo osoblyvo vidpovidalnoho stanovyshcha, ta posad z pidvyshchenym koruptsiinym ryzykom, i vnesennia zmin do deiakykh postanov Kabinetu Ministriv Ukrainy [For approval of the Procedure for conducting a special inspection in relation to persons applying for positions, considering the appointment of a specific or particularly specific position]: Postanova Kabinetu Ministriv Ukrainy vid 25 bereznia 2015 r. № 171. URL: https://zakon.rada.gov.ua/laws/show/171-2015-%D0%BF#Text. [Ukr.]
Shchodo zastosuvannia okremykh polozhen Zakonu Ukrainy «Pro zapobihannia koruptsii» stosovno zakhodiv finansovoho kontroliu» [The application of certain provisions of the Law of Ukraine“On the Prevention of Corruption” in relation to financial control measures”]: Roziasnennia Natsionalnoho ahentstva z pytan zapobihannia koruptsii vid 13.02.2020 № 1. URL: https://dorndi.org.ua/files/upload/%D1%80%D0%BE%201.pdf. [Ukr.]
Pro zatverdzhennia Metodolohii upravlinnia koruptsiinymy ryzykamy: nakaz Natsionalnoho ahentstva z pytan zapobihannia koruptsii vid 28 hrudnia 2021 roku № 830/21 [For approval of the Methodology for managing corruption risks: order of the National Agency for the Prevention of Corruption]. URL: https://zakon.rada.gov.ua/laws/show/z0219-22#n9. [Ukr.]
Shchodo zastosuvannia okremykh polozhen Zakonu Ukrainy «Pro zapobihannia koruptsii» stosovno zakhodiv finansovoho kontroliu v umovakh voiennoho stanu (podannia deklaratsii, povidomlennia pro suttievi zminy v mainovomu stani, povidomlennia pro vidkryttia valiutnoho rakhunka v ustanovi banku-nerezydenta, provedennia perevirok)»: Roziasnennia Natsionalnoho ahentstva z pytan zapobihannia koruptsii vid 07.03.2022 № 4 [The application of certain provisions of the Law of Ukraine “On the Prevention of Corruption” regarding financial control in martial law conditions]. URL: https://nidi.org.ua/upload/file/rozyasnennya_nazk_4_v_d_07.03.2022.pdf. [Ukr.]
Downloads
Published
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2025 Mykola Makarov
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.
