Principles of personal data minimization and accuracy during the use of the distributed ledger technology (blockchain) (administrative and legal aspects)
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.15587/2523-4153.2019.182801Keywords:
Distributed ledger technology, Blockchain, personal data protection, reforms, legal techAbstract
The use of citizens` and legal entities` personal information is crucial for the protection of human rights at the current stage of society and information technology development. On the one hand, a high-quality system of processing and using this information can increase the level of citizen participation in government-making processes and assist on creating a human-centric approach in public administration, when the state will have all the necessary information to serve citizens (providing of all administrative services online, use of analytics to improve infrastructure, etc.). On the other hand, misuse and unauthorized access to personal data can lead to violations of citizens' rights, corruption and excessive bureaucracy in administrative procedures.
At the same time, approaches to the protection of personal data should be not formal, but purely practical. The state policy should be based on the solution of real problems, which often require a complete revision of the systematic approaches, in this case the infrastructure of the state registers.
Modern information technologies make it possible to implement large-scale changes in the business processes of collecting, storing and processing personal data of citizens. Moreover, such approaches make it possible to reduce bureaucratic burdens and minimize corruption risks.
Distributed registry technology is a popular solution for improving the performance of government processes and enhancing eGovernment in the country. However, its application requires a proper assessment of the problem and its origins, as well as the outcomes that should be achievedReferences
- Studennykov, S. (2019). Pomylky u kadastrovykh nomerakh: yak vypravyty. Sudovo-yurydychna hazeta. Available at: https://sud.ua/ru/news/publication/148889-pomilki-u-kadastrovikh-nomerakh-yak-vipraviti Last accessed: 29.10.2019
- Shelkovnikov, A. (2016). Blockchain application in the public sector. Available at: https://www2.deloitte.com/content/dam/Deloitte/uk/Documents/Innovation/deloitte-uk-blockchain-app-in-public-sector.pdf Last accessed: 29.10.2019
- Tombs, L. (2019). Could blockchain be the future of the property market? Available at: https://hmlandregistry.blog.gov.uk/2019/05/24/could-blockchain-be-the-future-of-the-property-market/ Last accessed: 29.10.2019
- Pochynok, K. (2016). Istoriia rozvytku ta perspektyvy derzhavnykh reiestriv v Ukraini. Natonal law Journal: Theory and practice, 5, 122–126. Available at: http://www.jurnaluljuridic.in.ua/archive/2016/5/28.pdf Last accessed: 29.10.2019
- Lemieux, V. L. (2016). One Step Forward, Two Steps Backward? Does E-Government make Governments in Developing Countries more Transparent and Accountable? World Development Report Background Paper. Available at: http://pubdocs.worldbank.org/en/287051452529902818/WDR16-BP-One-Step-Forward-Lemieux.pdf Last accessed: 29.10.2019
- Walport, M. J. (2016). Distributed Ledger Technology: beyond block chain. Government office for science, 87 Available at: https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/492972/gs-16-1-distributed-ledger-technology.pdf Last accessed: 29.10.2019
- Hjálmarsson, F. Þ., Hreiðarsson, G. K. Blockchain-Based E-Voting System. Available at: https://skemman.is/bitstream/1946/31161/1/Research-Paper-BBEVS.pdf Last accessed: 29.10.2019
- Allessie, D., Sobolewski, M., Vaccari, L.; Pignatelli, F. (Ed.) (2019). Blockchain for digital Government: An assessment of pioneering implementations in public services. Luxembourg: Publications Office of the European Union, 87. Available at: https://publications.jrc.ec.europa.eu/repository/bitstream/JRC115049/blockchain_for_digital_government_online.pdf Last accessed: 29.10.2019
- Handbook on European data protection law (2018). Available at: https://www.echr.coe.int/Documents/Handbook_data_protection_ENG.pdf Last accessed: 29.10.2019
- Rosenberg, M., Confessore, N., Cadwalladr, C., Dance, G. J. X., Hakim, D. (2018). How Trump Consultants Exploited the Facebook Data of Millions. The New York Times. Politics. Available at: https://www.nytimes.com/2018/03/17/us/politics/cambridge-analytica-trump-campaign.html Last accessed: 29.10.2019
- Cadwalladr, C., Graham-Harrison, E. (2018). Revealed: 50 million Facebook profiles harvested for Cambridge Analytica in major data breach. The Guardian. Available at: https://www.theguardian.com/news/2018/mar/17/cambridge-analytica-facebook-influence-us-election Last accessed: 29.10.2019
- Cambridge Analytica, GDPR – 1 year on – a lot of words and some action (2019). Privacy International. Available at: https://privacyinternational.org/news-analysis/2857/cambridge-analytica-gdpr-1-year-lot-words-and-some-action Last accessed: 29.10.2019
- Pro zakhyst personalnykh danykh (2010). Zakon Ukrainy No. 2297-VI. 01.06.2010. Available at: https://zakon.rada.gov.ua/laws/show/2297-17 Last accessed: 29.10.2019
- Hryn, O. D. (2014). Orhan derzhavnoi vlady yak skladova derzhavnoho aparatu. Naukovyi visnyk Mizhnarodnoho humanitarnoho universytetu. Seriia: Yurysprudentsiia, 1 (11), 11–13.
- Pro zatverdzhennia form zaiav u sferi derzhavnoi reiestratsii yurydychnykh osib, fizychnykh osib – pidpryiemtsiv ta hromadskykh formuvan (2016). Nakaz Ministerstva Yustytsii Ukrainy No. 3268/5. 18.11.2016. Available at: https://zakon.rada.gov.ua/laws/show/z1500-16#n75 Last accessed: 29.10.2019
- Dmytrenko A. Derzhavni reiestry YeDR ta YeDRPOU: istoriia ta sohodennia. Available at: https://minjust.gov.ua/m/str_9998 Last accessed: 29.10.2019
- Zvit za rezultatamy analitychnoho doslidzhennia «Stan ta perspektyvy rozvytku derzhavnykh elektronnykh informatsiinykh resursiv» (2018). Available at: http://tapas.org.ua/wp-content/uploads/2018/11/Report_SEIR_UKR.pdf Last accessed: 29.10.2019
- Deiaki pytannia reformuvannia derzhavnoho upravlinnia Ukrainy (2016). Rozporiadzhennia Kabinetu Ministriv Ukrainy No. 474-r. 24.06.2016. Available at: https://zakon.rada.gov.ua/laws/show/474-2016-%D1%80 Last accessed: 29.10.2019
- Pro zatverdzhennia form zaiavy pro zastosuvannia sproshchenoi systemy opodatkuvannia, rozrakhunku dokhodu za poperednii kalendarnyi rik, zapytu pro otrymannia vytiahu z reiestru platnykiv yedynoho podatku ta vytiahu z reiestru platnykiv yedynoho podatku (2019). Nakaz Ministerstvo Finansiv Ukrainy No. 308. 16.07.2019. Available at: https://zakon.rada.gov.ua/laws/show/z1054-19#n20 Last accessed: 29.10.2019
- United Nations e-government survey 2018: gearing e-government to support transformation towards sustainable and resilient societies (2018). New York, 300. Available at: https://publicadministration.un.org/egovkb/Portals/egovkb/Documents/un/2018-Survey/E-Government%20Survey%202018_FINAL%20for%20web.pdf Last accessed: 29.10.2019
- Nizarov, D., Dankevych, V., Ivinska, K. (Eds.) (2018). Monitorynh zemelnykh vidnosyn v Ukraini: 2016–2017: Statystychnyi shchorichnyk. Kyiv, 168. Available at: http://www.kse.org.ua/download.php?downloadid=1081 Last accessed: 29.10.2019
- Nahorna, O. (2015). Zvidky v elektronnomu kadastri ziavylysia pomylky i yak z nymy pratsiuiut. Available at: https://land.gov.ua/info/zvidky-v-elektronnomu-kadastri-ziavylysia-pomylky-i-iak-z-nymy-pratsiuiut/ Last accessed: 29.10.2019
- Bahara, Ye. M. (2019). Reiderstvo zemelnykh dilianok: prychyny ta sposoby podolannia. Yurydychni konsultatsii Holovnoho terytorialnoho upravlinnia yustytsii u Zakarpatskii oblasti. Available at: https://www.zakjust.gov.ua/yurydychni-konsultatsii/2091-reiderstvo-zemelnykh-dilianok-prychyny-ta-sposoby-podolannia-07032019 Last accessed: 29.10.2019
- SMS Maiak. Available at: http://smsmayak.com.ua/ Last accessed: 29.10.2019
- Pro publichni elektronni reiestry: Proekt Zakonu No. 2110. 10.09.2019. Available at: https://w1.c1.rada.gov.ua/pls/zweb2/webproc4_1?pf3511=66772 Last accessed: 29.10.2019
- Pro systemu «Trembita» (2019). Available at: https://trembita.gov.ua/ua/projects/trembita-vzayemodiya-reyestriv Last accessed: 29.10.2019
- Pro realizatsiiu eksperymentalnoho proektu shchodo stvorennia spryiatlyvykh umov dlia realizatsii prav dytyny (2019). Postanova Kabinetu Ministriv Ukrainy No. 691. 10.07.2019. Available at: https://zakon.rada.gov.ua/laws/show/691-2019-%D0%BF Last accessed: 29.10.2019
- Petrenko, P. (2019). Proekt dlia novonarodzhenykh «e-maliatko» pidtrymano Uriadom Volodymyra Hroismana. Available at: https://www.kmu.gov.ua/ua/news/pavlo-petrenko-proekt-dlya-novonarodzhenih-yemalyatko-pidtrimano-uryadom-volodimira-grojsmana Last accessed: 29.10.2019
- Pro rezultaty perevirky: Nakaz Derzhavnoi Fiskalnoi sluzhby Ukrainy No. 278. 01.04.2016. Available at: https://www.slideshare.net/tsnua/ss-61047589?ref=https://tsn.ua/ukrayina/z-elektronnoyi-bazi-dfs-znikli-sotni-tisyach-vazhlivih-dokumentiv-zmi-633389.html Last accessed: 29.10.2019
- Nakamoto, S. (2019). Bitcoin: A Peer-to-Peer Electronic Cash System. Available at: https://bitcoin.org/bitcoin.pdf Last accessed: 29.10.2019
- Chinchilla, C. (2019). A Next-Generation Smart Contract and Decentralized Application Platform. Available at: https://github.com/ethereum/wiki/wiki/White-Paper Last accessed: 29.10.2019
- FSA trials first use of blockchain (2018). Available at: https://www.food.gov.uk/news-alerts/news/fsa-trials-first-use-of-blockchain Last accessed: 29.10.2019
- Robson, G. (2019). Enhancing our registers. Available at: https://hmlandregistry.blog.gov.uk/2019/10/01/enhancing-our-registers/ Last accessed: 29.10.2019
- The European Union Blockchain Observatory and Forum. Available at: https://www.eublockchainforum.eu/ Last accessed: 29.10.2019
- Emirates Blockchain Strategy 2021. Available at: https://government.ae/en/about-the-uae/strategies-initiatives-and-awards/federal-governments-strategies-and-plans/emirates-blockchain-strategy-2021 Last accessed: 29.10.2019
- KSI blockchain in Estonia: Frequently asked questions. Available at: https://e-estonia.com/wp-content/uploads/2019aug-faq-ksi-blockchain-1-1.pdf Last accessed: 29.10.2019
- Deiaki pytannia realizatsii pilotnoho proektu iz zaprovadzhennia elektronnykh zemelnykh torhiv i zabezpechennia zberihannia ta zakhystu danykh pid chas yikh provedennia (2017). Postanova Kabinetu Ministriv Ukrainy No. 688. 21.06.2017. Available at: https://zakon.rada.gov.ua/laws/show/688-2017-%D0%BF Last accessed: 29.10.2019
- Nekrasov, V. (2017). Obdilenyi blokcheinom: chomu zemelnyi kadastr otrymav "nepovnyi" Blockchain. Available at: https://www.epravda.com.ua/publications/2017/10/11/629979/ Last accessed: 29.10.2019
- Martyn, A. (2018). Blockchain-kadastr, yak Derzhheokadastr narodyv myshu! Available at: https://agropolit.com/blog/271-blockchain-kadastr-yak-derjgeokadastr-narodiv-mishu Last accessed: 29.10.2019
- Elektronnyi auktsion Openmarket: Pro nas. Available at: http://blockchain.gov.ua/ Last accessed: 29.10.2019
- Pro skhvalennia Kontseptsii rozvytku elektronnoho uriaduvannia v Ukraini (2017). Rozporiadzhennia Kabinetu Ministriv Ukrainy No. 649-р. 20.09.2017. Available at: https://www.kmu.gov.ua/ua/npas/250287124 Last accessed: 29.10.2019
- Pytannia Ministerstva tsyfrovoi transformatsii (2019). Postanova Kabinetu Ministriv Ukrainy No. 856. 18.09.2019. Available at: https://zakon.rada.gov.ua/laws/show/856-2019-%D0%BF Last accessed: 29.10.2019
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2019 Roman Яковлєв
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Our journal abides by the Creative Commons CC BY copyright rights and permissions for open access journals.
Authors, who are published in this journal, agree to the following conditions:
1. The authors reserve the right to authorship of the work and pass the first publication right of this work to the journal under the terms of a Creative Commons CC BY, which allows others to freely distribute the published research with the obligatory reference to the authors of the original work and the first publication of the work in this journal.
2. The authors have the right to conclude separate supplement agreements that relate to non-exclusive work distribution in the form in which it has been published by the journal (for example, to upload the work to the online storage of the journal or publish it as part of a monograph), provided that the reference to the first publication of the work in this journal is included.