Features of the legal status of political parties as legal entities: comparative-legal characteristics

Authors

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.15587/2523-4153.2023.294272

Keywords:

political parties, legal entities under public law, legal personality, non-entrepreneurial societies

Abstract

In the article, the author examines political parties as subjects of civil relations. The characteristics of political parties as legal entities are analyzed: organizational unity, which is expressed in the fact that parties, as organizations, have a certain structure and a system of bodies; the sign of separate property of political parties has a certain specificity, with peculiarities in the ways of acquiring ownership rights over the property of political parties. Political parties, as legal entities, bear civil liability, and they can independently appear in court as defendants.

The author also examines the doctrine and legislation of Western countries regarding the concept, creation, and activities of political parties in Germany, the United States, Great Britain, and Serbia. The concept of a political party in Western countries is considered, with a political party in Serbia, understood as a voluntary association of citizens, created with the aim of achieving political goals through the democratic formation of the political will of citizens and participation in elections. A political party in Serbia is granted the status of a legal entity from the date of its entry into the register of political parties.

A distinctive feature of political parties in Germany is their ambiguous legal status. By their legal nature, they are private organizations, created in accordance with the norms of private law; however, they also possess a public character due to certain constitutional privileges, granted to them.

The article explores the issue of the legal nature of political parties in Ukraine and the features that distinguish political parties from other public associations. The author examines the issue of the legal personality of political parties and points out that they possess two components - social and political.

Furthermore, the article analyzes the criteria for categorizing legal entities as either private or public law entities in the law of Ukraine and in the law of France. In French law, such criteria include the following: the establishment of a legal entity originating from public or private initiative, the rules governing its creation, operation, and oversight by public authorities, the method of financing (public subsidies or mandatory payments), and the presence of public authorities

Author Biography

Victoriia Piddubna, Yaroslav Mudryi National Law University

PhD, Associate Professor

Department of Civil Legal Policy, Intellectual Property Law, and Innovation

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Published

2023-12-29

How to Cite

Piddubna, V. (2023). Features of the legal status of political parties as legal entities: comparative-legal characteristics. ScienceRise: Juridical Science, (4(26), 4–12. https://doi.org/10.15587/2523-4153.2023.294272

Issue

No. 4(26) (2023)

Section

Juridical Science

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Copyright (c) 2023 Victoriia Piddubna

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