Sociocultural analysis of the influence of gender stereotypes on male identity

Abstract

The article is devoted to the sociocultural analysis of the influence of gender stereotypes on the formation of male identity in modern society within the context of social work. The relevance of the study is determined by the intensive transformation of gender norms, the intersection of traditional and new models of masculinity, as well as the need to revise professional approaches to supporting men in situations of stress, family, and professional roles. The theoretical foundation includes the concept of hegemonic masculinity (R. W. Connell et al.), the contributions of Ukrainian and international psychologists and sociologists on gender socialization, “antifemininity” as a normative component of male roles, and the link between gender expectations, health practices, and risk behaviors. Methodologically, the study combines a critical literature review, a comparative analysis of the Ukrainian and European contexts, and the interpretation of empirical materials from international and national organizations (UNFPA, WHO, demographic and sociological reports). The focus is placed on the mechanisms of reproducing stereotypes through family, education, media, and the labor market; their impact on emotional regulation, help-seeking, fatherhood models, men’s participation in unpaid labor, and the distribution of power within the family. Particular attention is paid to professional and institutional barriers to men’s participation in “feminized” fields (education, social work), as well as cultural factors determining readiness for parental leave and partner-based fatherhood. Comparison with EU policies (in particular, Scandinavian approaches to parental leave and gender-sensitive education) serves as a framework for analyzing the possibilities of adapting interventions in Ukraine. The practical segment outlines social work tools: individual counseling, men’s support groups, responsible fatherhood programs, emotional literacy and non-violent communication training, as well as awareness campaigns aimed at deconstructing harmful norms of masculinity. The material is presented in an interdisciplinary manner, which makes it possible to integrate theory, evidence-based research data, and practical approaches to working with different groups of men in Ukraine while considering the European experience.