Foreign experience in ensuring the accessibility of social services for internally displaced persons with limited mobility

Abstract

The article provides a comprehensive analysis of foreign experience in ensuring the accessibility of social services for internally displaced persons (IDPs) with limited mobility amidst increasing scales of forced migration and the transformation of social protection systems. The relevance of the study is driven by the intensification of the problem of social integration for individuals with limited mobility who, due to the war, find themselves in a state of forced displacement and face numerous physical, informational, economic, and institutional barriers. The aim of the work is to evaluate effective international approaches, models, and technologies for adapting social services to the needs of IDPs with limited mobility and to identify opportunities for their implementation in the Ukrainian context. The paper analyzes contemporary international concepts, specifically the transition from the medical to the social model of disability, as well as the principle of "positive duty" for social service providers regarding the elimination of barriers. Significant attention is paid to the typology of accessibility policy strategies (liberal-passive, conservative active-targeted, and transformative), which determine the nature of interaction between the state and vulnerable groups of the population. The study findings establish that the most effective tools for ensuring accessibility are multidisciplinary mobile teams, case management, domiciliary care (provision of services at the place of residence), integrated centers based on the "one-stop-shop" principle, digitalization of social support, and the introduction of innovative technologies (including robotic systems and electronic services). It is proved that such approaches contribute to overcoming territorial and institutional barriers, reducing administrative burdens, and increasing the level of personalization of assistance. At the same time, a number of limitations of digital transformation related to technological, sensory, and organizational factors are identified. The scientific novelty of the study lies in the systematization of foreign models for ensuring the accessibility of social services for IDPs with limited mobility and the justification for the feasibility of transitioning from an individual-adaptive to a transformative paradigm of social policy. The practical significance of the results obtained lies in the possibility of their use for modernizing the national social protection system, implementing a barrier-free environment, and increasing the effectiveness of social work under martial law.