Organizational and methodological foundations of physical rehabilitation of low-mobility internally displaced persons under martial law

Abstract

The article examines the organizational and methodological foundations of physical rehabilitation for low-mobility internally displaced persons (IDPs) under martial law. An analysis is conducted of functional impairments and rehabilitation needs of this population, including the consequences of combat-related injuries, exacerbation of chronic diseases, age-related changes, as well as the impact of prolonged displacement and residence in inadequate living conditions. Organizational models of service provision are considered, ranging from inpatient care to mobile multidisciplinary teams and the involvement of the civil society sector, including the establishment of rehabilitation spaces in areas of compact residence of IDPs. The study describes the adaptation of physical therapy methods, including modified protocols of therapeutic exercise and occupational therapy for implementation in shelters and temporary accommodation centers, the use of remote (telerehabilitation) approaches, and the training of family members and volunteers in basic elements of assistive support. Practical cases are analyzed, in particular, mobile teams of the Ukrainian Red Cross in Odesa region that provided individualized rehabilitation programs for individuals affected by strokes, amputations, and fractures. The main barriers to accessing rehabilitation services are identified, including insufficient awareness among IDPs of their right to free care, as well as a shortage of qualified personnel and resources. The conclusions emphasize the need to develop a comprehensive rehabilitation system based on accessibility, personalization, and multidisciplinary principles, promising areas for further research (improvement of treatment protocols, expansion of telerehabilitation, strengthening the resource potential of communities).