THE FACTOR OF DEGRADATION AND DIRECTIONS FOR THE PERFORMANCE OF THE SOILS OF THE SOUTH STEPHEN OF UKRAINE
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.33730/2310-4678.1.2019.170593Keywords:
degradation, desertification, irrigation, climate change, soils fertility.Abstract
The article presents the results of perennial investigations in the field of causes of degradation and
desertification of the irrigated soils of Southern Steppe of Ukraine, scientifically substantiated measures
directed to decrease of degradation and reconstruction of the soils fertility. The methodological basis of
the investigations is made up by the modern methods of scientific research: historical, system analysis
and approach, economic, statistical, and graphical methods. The natural and anthropogenic factors of
influence on the processes of degradation and desertification of the soils are determined. It was proved that
one of the causes of degradation is their natural dryness, which is accompanied by lack of precipitation,
negative water balance, and connected with it specific process of soil formation. The measures of the soil
fertility conservation are substantiated. The example of practical use of the results of the investigations
in State Enterprise Research Farm «Askaniiske» of the Institute of Irrigated Agriculture of the NAAS is
given. The developed measures of the soils fertility conservation allow to prevent their degradation, provide
the non-deficient balance of humus, increase the efficiency of agricultural activity on the irrigated
lands, improve ecological state of agricultural landscapes, and solve an important state task of providing
food safety as a component of the national safety of Ukraine.
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