THE POTENTIAL OF BIOPRODUCTIVITY OF IRRIGATED AGRICULTURAL SYSTEMS IN THE RIGHT-BANK FOREST–STEPPE ZONE
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.33730/2310-4678.3.2019.185885Keywords:
forest-steppe zone, climate change, stationary experiment, fertilizer system, wetting conditions, coefficient of variation, bioproductivity, irrigationAbstract
It has been shown that in the forest-steppe zone, the irrigation network covered almost 0.8 million hectares in the early 1990s. Due to climate change, there was a need to justify the feasibility of restoring and expanding irrigation land. Subject of research — information base of stationary experience (1973). The goal is to evaluate the bioproductive potential of agroecosystems, including irrigated ones, in the RightBank Forest Steppe.Methods. Climate change assessment was performed on the basis of Climate Water Balance (CWB) and Hydrothermal Coefficient (HTC) values, crop yields and crop rotation productivity were determined by field experiments. It was found that the impact on crop yields of all crop rotation long-term use of straw with NPK and manure with NPK was equivalent to an increase in crop rotation productivity from 4.7 on a natural background to 6.4 t f.u./ha or 27%. In the most favorable years, imitating close to the optimum level of humidification, the crop rotation productivity on the control increases to 7.6 t f.u. / ha or 37%, against the background of «Straw + NPK» — to 8.9 t f.u./ha or by 33% and against the background of «Manure + NPK» — to 8.8 t f.u./ha or 32%. Fertilizers reduce the coefficient of variation of crop yields from high — 35% to medium — 23–25%. In the total crop rotation productivity, the share of winter wheat ranges from 8–10%, sugar beet — 10–12%, corn MWM — 17–23%, peas — 5–6%, clover — 7–8% and spring barley — 7–9%. So, short-rotation crop rotation is offered for production: 1 — corn; 2 — winter wheat (spring barley); 3 — sugar beets. With the improvement of nutritional and waterair regimes and optimization of crop rotation factor, the expected productivity of typical black soil in the Right-Bank Forest Steppe will be at the level of 12 t f.u./ha.
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