Features of different methods of vegetative propagation of hops (Humulus lupulus L.)
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.33730/2310-4678.3.2025.342533Keywords:
cultivation, rhizomes, herbaceous cuttings, in vitro, micropropagation, healthy planting materialAbstract
The article compares different methods of vegetative propagation of hops (Humulus lupulus L.). Traditionally, the plant is propagated by rhizome fragments or herbaceous stems. The biggest disadvantage of these methods of vegetative propagation is the high risk of infection with viral diseases and other pathogens. It was found that the largest number of studies on traditional methods of growing hop seedlings was recognized by scientists B.H. Howard, L.H.M. Brighenti, M.F.S. Santos, A. Hassanein, E.N. Gomes, M.M. Fagherazzi, J.J. Guimarães, V.B. Sommer, D. Guerreiro, L. Reis, M.P. Machado, J. Miola. Over the past few years, due to the revival of the hop growing industry, the demand for virus-free hop planting material has increased due to its multipurpose use. The relevance of biotechnological methods that ensure the production of healthy planting material has been proven. The creation of virus-free planting material is based on the use of the method of culture of isolated tissues and organs. The main advantages of microclonal propagation are a high multiplication factor, genetic uniformity and phytosanitary purity. Biotechnology of hop propagation in the world and in Ukraine began to develop intensively in the late 80s. This area of research in the world was engaged in: S.J. Vine & O.P. Jones, R. Gippert et al., A.N. Adams, S. Kubo et al., G. Samyn & W. Welvaert, G. Probasco & S. Winslow, P. Svoboda, J. Farago & M. Nestakova, and in Ukraine — B.F. Kormiltsev, A.A. Klyuvadenko, M.D. Melnychuk, V.B. Kovalev, T.I. Kozlyk, N.P. Ratoshnyuk, L.V. Protsenko and others. Using meristem culture of plant material in 1996, scientists B.A.N. Adams et al. described the successful destruction of the latent hop viroid (HLVd), which is extremely harmful. It was found that when creating protocols for microclonal propagation of hops, many researchers pay attention to studying the influence of plant growth regulators, their concentration and various combinations, the form of iron and the carbon source in the composition of nutrient media. It was noted that today there is no publicly available protocol for microclonal propagation of hops for a wide range of varieties, the latter each variety requires individual components of nutrient media. It has been proven that tissue culture methods can ensure large-scale propagation of healthy and genetically homogeneous plant material regardless of the season.
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