Satellite information resource — modern potential for solving ecological problems of Ukraine’s agrosphere
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.33730/2310-4678.1.2025.328357Keywords:
agroecosystem, remote sensing, database, climate change, military action impact identifiers, agroecological zoning, mappingAbstract
Agroecosystems of Ukraine are experiencing increased impact from climate change and military actions, leading to growing risks of land degradation, desertification, and soil depletion in all natural-climatic zones of the country. Under these conditions, the system of agroecological monitoring becomes crucial, with satellite observations being an integral component that provides both retrospective analysis and operational tracking of the spatial-temporal distribution of negative phenomena. This creates a foundation for improving information support for managing natural and production processes in agriculture and environmental management. The article, based on the report by Corresponding Member of NAAS O.S. Demyanyuk, presents research results conducted within the framework of the National Academy of Agrarian Sciences program “Agrocosmos” (“Satellite agroecological monitoring, agroresource management, and forecasting the impact of climate change on agroecosystem productivity”), aimed at developing scientific and methodological support for using satellite monitoring data to solve environmental problems. Satellite indicators of climate change risks and military actions on agroecosystems have been substantiated and identified. Through retrospective analysis of these indicators’ dynamics over a 40-year period, clear trends of climate change and their impact on agroecosystems in the eastern part of the Forest-Steppe were established, and these indicators were tested for monitoring negative phenomena in agricultural landscapes due to the destruction of the Kakhovka Hydroelectric Power Plant. Identifiers of military actions’ impact on soil cover based on satellite information were established; corresponding map schemes were created using GIS with an assessment of the degree of impact on soil resources in Kharkiv region. To improve information support for agroecological monitoring, particularly regarding the problem of desertification and land degradation processes, the structure of a database for a corresponding information-analytical website has been developed. Based on published sources and conducted research, the high potential of aerospace monitoring data for agroecosystems has been proven for identification of agricultural crops, their classification and mapping, particularly using the vegetation index NDVI, as well as for performing modern dynamic agroecological zoning of agricultural lands according to their suitability for growing agricultural crops with different biological requirements using aerospace monitoring data.
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