Tectonics and deep structure of the southwestern part of the East European Craton within Ukraine. PART II.
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.24028/gj.v46i5.310287Keywords:
Moho, Ukraine, Sarmatia, East European craton, tectonics, geodynamics, mantleAbstract
У другій частині статті продовжується розгляд, за комплексом геофізичних методів, глибинної будови земної кори регіонів України, зокрема Волино-Подільської плити (ВПП), а також поверхні Мохо і мантії до глибини 850 км. Наведено геотермічну, густинну, геомагнітну та геоелектричну моделі кори. За сейсмічними даними показано, що осадовий чохол ВПП на межі з Транс’європейською шовною зоною (ТТЗ) занурюється на глибину біля 4 км проти 8—10 км, як вважалося раніше, тому що решту глибинної частини Підкарпатського трогу складають подрібнені докембрійські кристалічні породи. Межею між Східноєвропейським кратоном (СЄК) і варисцидами Західної та Центральної Європи (ВЗЦЄ) є Передкарпатський розлом, який піднімається від кільоподібного прогину поверхні Мохо під Передкарпатський передовий прогин. Кільоподібний прогин поверхні Мохо під ТТЗ є найглибшою частиною цієї поверхні на території України за даними профілів ширококутного відбиття/заломлення (WARR). У середньому глибина залягання поверхні Мохо на території України, за даними WARR, становить 40—45 км. За матеріалами геотраверсів ГСЗ і профілів WARR у земній корі і верхній частині верхньої мантії спостерігаються лістричні зони розломів, які занурюються в мантію до глибини спостержень сейсмічними методами (75—80 км). Далі у вигляді субдукуючих слебів завтовшки 100—250 км і протяжністю від 300 до 1000 км вони простежуються, за даними сейсмотомографії, на глибину 250—400 км. У статті коротко розглянуто особливості методики сейсмотомографічних досліджень, розробленої в Інституті геофізики ім. С.І. Субботіна НАН України, і наведено схему розміщення основних сутурних зон і слебів на дослідженій території. Занурення слебів спостерігається головно від Фенноскандії та від межі Фенноскандія — Волго-Уралія під Сарматію, а також від СЄК під ТТЗ і ВЗЦЄ і від ВЗЦЄ під ТТЗ. З цього випливає, що результати сейсмотомографії цілком об’єктивно підтверджують висновки прибічників плитотектонічних ідей, висловлені у 1970—1980-х роках ще до появи цих результатів. Наведено загальні висновки за результатами досліджень, викладених у І і ІІ частинах статті. Наголошується, що отримані у ХХІ ст. геофізичні та геологічні дані не залишають сумнівів у тому, що геологічний розвиток Сарматії, в тому числі платформної території України, від неоархею до сучасності відбувається за геодинамічними законами плитової—плюмової тектоніки, яким автори не бачать серйозної альтернативи.
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Copyright (c) 2024 Sergii Mychak, Vitaly Starostenko, Oleg Gintov, Ganna Murovska, Dmytro Lysynchuk
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