Complex application of the reflected and refracted wave methods in the study of the Kurinsky depression

Hafiz Shakarov

doi:10.24028/gj.v48i2.350967

Authors

Hafiz Shakarov Azerbaijan State Oil and Industry University; «Oil Gas Scientific Research Project» Institute SOCAR, Baku, Azerbaijan, Azerbaijan

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.24028/gj.v48i2.350967

Keywords:

seismic exploration, refracted wave method, reflected wave method, dynamic and kinematic parameters, composition, seismogram, boundary velocity, seismic wave correlation, dynamic depth section

Abstract

The article presents a comprehensive study of the geological and deep structure of the Kurinsky depression. The research is based on regional seismic profiles acquired using a specially designed observation system that ensures the simultaneous recording of both reflected and refracted waves along the same profile. Field surveys were carried out using the 2D common depth point method with vibratory sources and refracted-wave observations employing explosive sources to track deep geological boundaries. Analysis of the kinematic and dynamic parameters of the wavefield has shown that the most reliable information on geological structure, elastic heterogeneities, and tectonic features is primarily contained in the reflected and refracted wavefields. Combining reflected and refracted wave data, especially in the deeper zones where reflection data alone is limited, allows for the creation of higher-quality dynamic depth sections. The combination allowed for the separation of seismic signals from noise, improved the mapping of Mesozoic structures, and enabled reliable correlation of seismic horizons at depths greater than 8—10 km.

The results indicate that the joint application of seismic reflection and refraction methods significantly enhances the completeness, accuracy, and reliability of seismic data interpretation. The analysis shows that, when selecting an appropriate observation system during seismic investigations, it is possible to record different types of waves along the same profile. These waves correspond to different geological boundaries and depths and are registered at different time intervals. The proposed comprehensive methodology enables the development of a more reliable seismogeological model of deep structures and is recommended for use in other regions with complex geology, as well as in hydrocarbon exploration. The results indicate that investigations of this type should be carried out in other regions using a denser network of seismic profiles.

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