Characterization of cumulative exposure and risk assessment of specific effects of pesticide impact on the nervous system during their simultaneous intake with apples into the human body
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.26641/2307-0404.2025.4.348734Ключові слова:
pesticides, neurotoxic effects, residues in food products, cumulative dietary riskАнотація
The purpose of the study is to characterize the cumulative exposure and quantify the risk of specific effects of insecticidal pesticides of different chemical classes on the nervous system when they enter the body simultaneously with apples at the level of approved maximum permissible levels. By literature data, inactive and minimal dose levels of abamectin, emamectin benzoate, milbemectin, alpha-cypermethrin and acetamiprid for their specific effects on the nervous system were established. Domestic reference values – acceptable daily doses, maximum permissible levels of insecticides in apples were studied and their comparative characteristics were carried out with those established in the European Union. A comparative characteristic for the daily exposure of the studied insecticides in apples when they enter the children and adults’ bodies according to the scenario of maximum permissible levels is carried out. It was found that acetamiprid (0.00026/0.0001 mg/kg bw (body weight) for children 2-6 years/adults, respectively) is characterized by the highest level of exposure for which the maximum permissible level is approved – 0.05 mg/kg. The greatest contribution to the risk of cumulative alimentary effects is made by abamectin (65.8-66.4%), for which the lowest permissible daily dose (0.0002 mg/kg) is justified. The determined risk parameters from cumulative alimentary exposure are within accep table values (hazard index <1, total exposure margin >100). It was found that the cumulative effect per unit of body weight for children is higher compared to adults. It is shown that the effect of a mixture of the studied substances when they are taken with apples in the maximum permissible quantities will not lead to adverse health consequences for different age groups of the population (adults and children 2-6 years), in particular, the effect on nervous system. The results obtained indicate that the reference values of the studied insecticides approved in Ukraine will ensure safety for the health of consumers when they enter the body with apples. Recommendations are given on the need to take into account processing factors in food production technology and baby food hygiene.
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