FEATURES OF CARBON DIOXIDE AS WORKING SUBSTANCE USEGE IN VAPOR-COMPRESSION REFRIGERATORS. EFFECTIVE CYCLES AND EXPERIENCE OF IN-TRODUCTION IN THE NATIONAL ECONOMY
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.15673/0453-8307.4/2015.39283Keywords:
Refrigerator cycle, Natural refrigerating agents, Carbon dioxide, Refrigerating coefficient, Degree of thermodynamic perfectionAbstract
As working substances of the vapor-compression refrigerators (VCR) it is possible to use various substances. These are specially synthesized connections – freons, and natural coolants – ammonia, carbon dioxide, hydrocarbons. In work the cycles VCR suitable for work on carbon dioxide (R744) are analysed. Subcritical, transcritical, throttle, detander and cascade cycles in which carbon dioxide is applied as coolant of the low temperature contour are considered. Comparison of throttle cycles with various cooling temperature characteristics, one - and two-level compression is given. The short history of the refrigeration units working at CO2 introduction is presented, the list of the producers who are letting out the equipment taking into account features of the studied working substance is provided. Advantages of the cooling systems working at carbon dioxide on the basis of their operation in various European countries experience are shown.
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