Legal grounds for recognition of marriage and marriage agreement as fictitious

Authors

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.15587/2523-4153.2024.301251

Keywords:

fictitious marriage, marriage contract, legal grounds, annulment

Abstract

The relevance of the research topic is connected with the fact that marriage and family relations are of the most importance for society. A person's health, well-being, ability to work, and his/her relationship with other members of society depend on family relationships. Today, it is important for the development of law to establish in people's minds the possibility and sometimes even the necessity of concluding marriage contracts, because it makes it possible to discover the reality of the intention of the other spouse, in order to avoid problems with the division of property. But this is possible only if there are available and understandable rules and the mutual desire of both parties. Conducting scientific research makes it possible to identify problematic points and propose more profitable legal mechanisms for the regulation of social relations.

The most common and, at the same time, the most complex category are disputes over the recognition of marriage contracts as invalid. In the process of their consideration, many questions arise, the answers to which are missing both in the legislation and in the explanations of the Supreme Court of Ukraine. The situation is complicated by the fact that it is new for law enforcement practice and this category of cases has a certain specificity.

In law enforcement, ambiguities arise when resolving cases of invalidity of marriage and application of the consequences of invalidity. There is no uniformity when deciding the issue of persons who have the right to challenge in court a fictitious marriage, another invalid marriage or the abuse of the right. Ambiguities concern the procedure for invalidating a dissolved marriage, concluded with a violation of the degree of consanguinity or in the presence of another registered marriage; approaches to the regulation of relations regarding the exercise of the rights of persons who are or were in an invalid marriage; regulation of contractual relations of persons who entered into civil and family legal relations with them.

In the scientific literature, the criteria of invalidity, the grounds and consequences of the invalidity of a fictitious marriage, as well as the common and different between the invalidity of a marriage and an invalid agreement are not sufficiently presented, the concept and content of the invalidity of a marriage contract are not developed.

It became necessary to distinguish between persons who are in an invalid marriage and persons whose marriage has been declared invalid. Persons who are in an invalid marriage should be recognized as fictitious spouses. The spouses (or one of them) know that they are in an invalid marriage, but before it is contested, there is a fiction of reality, that is, they (or one of them) create for all other persons the appearance of the reality of marriage, a false idea of marriage. However, according to the legislation of Ukraine, these persons are spouses.

Persons whose marriage is declared invalid due to their (one of them) violation of the conditions for the validity of marriage and obstacles are unfaithful spouses. A fictitious marriage can be grounds for invalidating a marriage contract

Author Biographies

Olga Yavor, Yaroslav Mudryi National Law University

Doctor of Law, Professor

Department of Civil Law Nо. 2

Tetyana Kirichenko, Kharkiv National University of Internal Affairs

PhD, Associate Professor

Department of Civil Law and Procedure

References

  1. Pro vnesennia zmin i dopovnen do Kodeksu pro shliub i simiu Ukrainskoi RSR (1992). Ukaz Prezydii Verkhovnoi Rady Ukrainskoi Radianskoi Sotsialistychnoi Respubliky No. 783 X. 23.06.1992. Available at: https://zakon.rada.gov.ua/laws/show/783-10
  2. Simeinyi Kodeks Ukrainy (2002). Vidomosti Verkhovnoi Rady Ukrainy. No. 21-22, st. 135. Available at: https://zakon.rada.gov.ua/laws/show/2947-14#Text
  3. Mendzhul, M. V., Leta, A. V. (2022). Legal grounds for recognizing a marriage agreement invalid (analysis of judicial practice). Uzhhorod National University Herald. Series: Law, 67, 93–96. https://doi.org/10.24144/2307-3322.2021.67.18
  4. Iarotskyi, V. L. (2011). Pravovidnosyny, shcho vynykaiut bez nalezhnoi pravovoi pidstavy. Aktualni problemy tsyvilnoho prava. Kharkiv: Pravo, 19.
  5. Zhylinkova, I. V., Antoshkina, V. K., Diachkova, N. A., Moskaliuk, V. Yu. et al.; Zhylinkova, I. V. (Ed.) (2008). Simeinyi kodeks Ukrainy. Kharkiv: Ksylon, 855.
  6. Bodnar, T. V.; Kuznietsova, N. S. (Ed.) (2013). Rozvytok simeino-pravovoi doktryny. Pravova doktryna Ukrainy. Vol. 3: Doktryna pryvatnoho prava Ukrainy. Kharkiv: Pravo, 488–501.
  7. Vatras, V. A. (2002). Subiektnyi sklad pravovidnosyn shchodo implantatsii embriona dytyny zhintsi iz henetychnoho materialu podruzhzhia. Visnyk Khmelnytskoho instytutu rehionalnoho upravlinnia ta prava, 4, 72–75.
  8. Hopanchuk, V. S. (1998). Zakonodavstvo Ukrainy Pro shliub ta simiu. Kyiv: Naukova dumka, 237.
  9. Krasytska, L. V. (2017). Dohovir yak pravova forma rehuliuvannia simeinykh vidnosyn. Aktualni problemy pryvatnoho prava: dohovir yak pravova forma rehuliuvannia pryvatnykh vidnosyn. Kharkiv: Pravo, 44–47.
  10. Kozhevnykova, V. O. (2014). Members of family relationships are subject to the legal status of a family membe. Aktualni problemy vdoskonalennia chynnoho zakonodavstva Ukrainy, 35, 99–113. Available at: http://nbuv.gov.ua/UJRN/apvchzu_2014_35_12
  11. Lepekh, S. M. (2008). Problemy realizatsii prav na ukladennia ta rozirvannia shliubnoho dohovoru. Visnyk Lvivskoho natsionalnoho universytetu, 47.
  12. Rozghon, O. Features of notarial legal relations with a foreign element arising from the certification of marital contracts. Almanakh mizhnarodnoho prava, 19, 145–154.
  13. Romovska, Z. V. (2009). Ukrainske simeine pravo. Kyiv: Pravova yednist, 500.
  14. Safonchyk, O. I. (2004). Pravove rehuliuvannia prypynennia shliubu v Ukraini [PhD dissertation.; Odeska natsionalna yurydychna akademiia].
  15. Truba, V. I. (2008). Do pytannia pro neobkhidnist zakonodavchoho rehuliuvannia derzhavnoi reiestratsii shliubnykh dohovoriv. Universytetski naukovi zapysky, 3, 61–64. Available at: http://nbuv.gov.ua/UJRN/Unzap_2008_3_14 Last accessed: 02.03.2018
  16. Tsyverenko, G. P. (2014). Factual reasons for the emergence of international legal responsibility. Aktualni problemy derzhavy i prava, 73, 152–157.
  17. Iavor, O. A. (2015). Rol yurydychnykh fiktsii u rehuliuvanni simeinykh pravovidnosyn. Aktualni problemy pryvatnoho prava. Kharkiv: Pravo, 209–213.
  18. Zhylynkova, Y. V. (2005). Brachnyi dohovir. Kharkiv: Ksylon, 173.
  19. Apopii, I. V. (2010). Simeine pravo Ukrainy. Kyiv: Tsentr uchbovoi literatury, 360.
  20. Raichuk, A. B. (2005). Poniattia «prypynennia shliubu», «rozirvannia shliubu», «rozluchennia», yikh spivvidnoshennia. Visnyk Kyivskoho natsionalnoho universytetu imeni T. H. Shevchenka. Yurydychni nauky, 67-69, 127–129.
  21. Baranova, L. M., Borysova, V. I., Zhylinkova, I. V. et al.; Borysova, V. I., Zhylinkova, I. V. (Ed.) (2004). Cimeine pravo Ukrainy. Kyiv: Yurinkom Inter, 200.
  22. Biriukov, I. A., Hopanchuk, V. S., Zaika, Yu. O. et al.; Hopanchuk, V. S. (Ed.) Simeine pravo Ukrainy. Kyiv: Istyna, 356.
  23. Tsyvilnyi kodeks Ukrainy vid 16.01.2003 r. No. 435-IV (2003). Vidomosti Verkhovnoi Rady Ukrainy, 40–44. Available at: http://zakon2.rada.gov.ua/laws/show/435-15
  24. Fedushchak-Zaslavska, H. (2011). Stanovlennia i rozvytok pravovykh konstruktsii u davnomu Rymi. Visnyk Lvivskoho Universytetu. Seriia yurydychni nauky, 52, 120–126.
  25. Kyrychenko, T. S. (2019). The mechanism of marriage dissolution owing to its inability of further existence as a union between man and the woman (after the change of the gender of one of the spouses). Law and Society, 3 (1), 92–98. https://doi.org/10.32842/2078-3736-2019-3-1-16
  26. Toniyevych, Y. D. (2013). Legal consequences of failure to comply brides undergo a medical review and inform each other about state of their health. Visnyk Vyshchoi rady yustytsii, 2 (14), 158–172.
  27. Postanova Verkhovnoho Sudu u skladi kolehii suddiv Pershoi sudovoi palaty Kasatsiinoho tsyvilnoho sudu vid 02.06.2021 roku u spravi No. 367/3276/19. Available at: https://reyestr.court.gov.ua/Review/97517513
  28. Pro sudovu praktyku rozghliadu tsyvilnykh sprav pro vyznannia pravochyniv nediisnymy (2009). Postanova Plenumu Verkhovnoho Sudu Ukrainy No. 9. 06.11.2009. Available at: https://zakon.rada.gov.ua/laws/show/v0009700-09.
  29. Postanova Verkhovnoho Sudu vid 10.02.2021 No. 754/5841/17. Available at: https://verdictum.ligazakon.net/document/94938438
  30. Postanova Verkhovnoho Sudu vid 03.06.2019 No. 317/3272/16-ts. Available at: https://verdictum.ligazakon.net/document/80363827?utm_source=jurliga.ligazakon.net&utm_medium=news&utm_content=jl01
  31. Vereitsi, O. (2016). Zastosuvannia prezumptsii ta fiktsii u rehuliuvanni simeinykh vidnosyn. Mala intsiklopediia notariusa, 5, 174–185. Available at: http://yurradnik.com.ua/wp-content/uploads/2016/11/Vereitsi.pdf
  32. Rishennia Prymorskoho raionnoho sudu m. Odesy vid 27.09.2018 po spravi No. 522/23757/17. Available at: https://verdictum.ligazakon.net/document/76865066?utm_source=jurliga.ligazakon.ua&utm_medium=news&utm_campaign=Verdictum_text&utm_content=jl01
  33. Postanova Verkhovnoho Sudu vid 03.07.2019 No. 369/11268/16-ts. Available at: https://verdictum.ligazakon.net/document/83482786
  34. Rishennia Druzhkivskyi miskyi sud Donetskoi oblasti No. 4886968 vid 29.05.2009. Available at: https://youcontrol.com.ua/catalog/court-document/4886968/
  35. Postanova Verkhovnoho sudu u skladi kolehii suddiv Tretoi Sudovoi palaty Kasatsiinoho tsyvilnoho sudu vid 26.02.2020 roku u spravi No 755/19197/18. Available at: https://reyestr.court.gov.ua/Review/88016384
  36. Postanova Verkhovnoho sudu Ukrainy vid 05.06.2018 roku. m. Kyiv. Sprava No. 543/730/14-ts. Provadzhennia No. 14-149tss18. Available at: https://verdictum.ligazakon.net/document/72028890?utm_source=biz.ligazakon.net&utm_medium=news&utm_content=bizpress01
  37. Postanova Verkhovnoho Sudu u skladi kolehii suddiv Druhoi sudovoi palaty Kasatsiinoho tsyvilnoho sudu vid 30.01.2018 roku u spravi No. 756/7489/15-ts. Available at: https://reyestr.court.gov.ua/Review/72073900
  38. Kasinof, L. (2017). Refugees Paid One Euro an Hour by German Employment Program. Coda Story. Available at: https://codastory.com/migration-crisis/integration-issues/german-employment-program-for-refugees-pays-one-euro-an-hour-sometimes-less
  39. Principles of European Family Law. Commission on European Family Law. Available at: http://ceflonline.net/principles/

Downloads

Published

2024-04-04

How to Cite

Yavor, O., & Kirichenko, T. (2024). Legal grounds for recognition of marriage and marriage agreement as fictitious. ScienceRise: Juridical Science, (1(27), 18–25. https://doi.org/10.15587/2523-4153.2024.301251

Issue

No. 1(27) (2024)

Section

Juridical Science

License

Copyright (c) 2024 Olga Yavor, Tetyana Kirichenko

Creative Commons License

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.

Our journal abides by the Creative Commons CC BY copyright rights and permissions for open access journals.

Authors, who are published in this journal, agree to the following conditions:

1. The authors reserve the right to authorship of the work and pass the first publication right of this work to the journal under the terms of a Creative Commons CC BY, which allows others to freely distribute the published research with the obligatory reference to the authors of the original work and the first publication of the work in this journal.

 2. The authors have the right to conclude separate supplement agreements that relate to non-exclusive work distribution in the form in which it has been published by the journal (for example, to upload the work to the online storage of the journal or publish it as part of a monograph), provided that the reference to the first publication of the work in this journal is included.