The formation and development of concepts of access to court: a historical and legal context

Authors

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.15587/2523-4153.2024.310273

Keywords:

access to court, justice, right to appeal to court, judicial decision, judicial proceedings

Abstract

The article is dedicated to the study of the elements of the formation and development of the judicial branch of power in specific historical periods in the context of outlining the principle of access to justice, particularly from the establishment of early states to modern times. In light of this, the article draws attention to the manifestations and signs of ensuring citizens' right of access to court from the perspective of studying the general historical progress of the judiciary. The analysis allowed the author to identify four main stages in the formation of the principle of access to justice in the world history of state and law: ancient, new, modern, and globalization. At the same time, the author emphasizes the different degrees of development and characteristic features of specific historical stages of the evolution of access to court and justice. It is established that already at the stage of formation and development of the ancient type of state and law (both Eastern and Western typologies), the formation of territoriality as one of the key components of the principle of access to justice began. Initially, judicial functions within the competence of the bodies and officials of the ancient states were combined with administrative and executive functions. The period of modern times is associated with the formulation of the political and legal idea of the separation of powers with the identification of an independent judiciary and the concept of due process, which is based on the modern notion of the ideal model of the organization and functioning of the judiciary in a democratic society. The rapid development and evolution of access to justice occurred in the modern stage, including the Florentine project of M. Cappelletti's "access to justice movement," which included a set of measures, aimed at ensuring real access to justice. The article concludes that the modern concept of access to court and justice involves its comprehension through empirical and pluralistic (multifaceted) approaches, taking into account not only obstacles and barriers to access to court and justice but also analytical data on the real state of affairs in the field of justice, considering various aspects of access to justice in the modern world

Author Biography

Olha Balatska, The National University of Ostroh Academy

PhD, Associate Professor, Director

Educational and Scientific Institute of Law by I. Malynovskyi

References

  1. Andrusenko, D. V. (2021). Historical and legal aspects of the formation and development of the principle of access to justice. New Ukrainian Law, 6, 48–53. https://doi.org/10.51989/nul.2021.6.7
  2. Bihun, V. S. (2011). Filosofiia pravosuddia: ideia ta zdiisnennia. Kyiv, 330.
  3. Bulkat, M. S. (2019). Teoretyko-pravovi zasady sudovoi vlady: suchasnyi kontsept [Doctoral dissertation].
  4. Buryi, V. (2018). The Right of Access to Justice as a Prerequisite for Human Rights Enforcement. NaUKMA Research Papers. Law, 1, 25–28. https://doi.org/10.18523/2617-2607.2018.25-28
  5. Horodovenko, V. V. (2012). Pryntsypy sudovoi vlady. Kharkiv, 447.
  6. Zubachova, I. (2009). Istoriia stanovlennia sudovoi vlady ta yii rol u systemi podilu derzhavnoi vlady. Yurydychna Ukraina, 9, 4–9.
  7. Kapustynskyi, V. A. (2013). Osoblyvosti funktsionalnoho pryznachennia sudovykh orhaniv u davnikh derzhavakh. Visnyk Vyshchoi rady yustytsii, 2, 36–46.
  8. Koval, I. M., Vizniak, D. A. (2020). Vytoky i heneza formuvannia sudovoi systemy Indii. Zakhyst prav i svobod liudyny ta hromadianyna v umovakh formuvannia pravovoi derzhavy. Lviv: Vydavnytstvo Lvivskoi politekhniky, 17–19.
  9. Kozakevych, O. M. (2021). Zabezpechennia dostupu do pravosuddia v tranzytyvnykh umovakh [Doctoral dissertation; Natsionalnyi universytet «Odeska yurydychna akademiia»].
  10. Kostytskyi, V. V. (2023). Podil vlady u konteksti teoloho-sotsiolohichnoho pravorozuminnia (narysy pravovoi teorii). Odesa: Vydavnychyi dim «Helvetyka», 192.
  11. Kryzhanivskyi, V. (2010). Henezys nezalezhnoi sudovoi vlady. Yurysprudentsiia: teoriia i praktyka, 83, 37–41.
  12. Marochkin, I. Ye., Sybilova, N. V., Zozulynskyi, O. B. (2013). Orhanizatsiia sudovykh ta pravookhoronnykh orhaniv. Kharkiv: Pravo, 528.
  13. Mizhnarodnyi pakt pro hromadianski i politychni prava (1973). Pryiniatyi 16 hrudnia 1996 r. Heneralnoiu Asambleieiu OON (ratyfikovanyi Ukazom Prezydii Verkhovnoi Rady Ukrainskoi RSR No. 2148-VIII vid 19 zhovtnia 1973 r.). Available at: https://zakon.rada.gov.ua/laws/show/995_043#Text Last accessed: 01.08.2024
  14. Ovcharenko, O. M. (2008). Dostupnist pravosuddia ta harantii yoho realizatsii. Kharkiv: Pravo, 304.
  15. Prytyka, D. M., Kondratova, I. D. (2011). Pravovi zasady stanovlennia sudovoi vlady v Ukraini. Visnyk hospodarskoho sudochynstva, 3, 57–72.
  16. Sakara, N. Yu. (2010). Problema dostupnosti pravosuddia u tsyvilnykh spravakh. Kharkiv: Pravo, 256.
  17. Shemshuchenko, Yu. S. (2016). Sudova reforma v Ukraini u svitli yevropeiskoho dosvidu: konstytutsiinyi aspekt. Chasopys tsyvilnoho i kryminalnoho sudochynstva, 6 (33), 47–59.
  18. Cappelletti, M., Garth, В. (1979). Access to Justice: The Worldwide Movement to Make Rights Effective: A General Report. Access to Justice. Milan, 1, 5–124.
  19. Cardozo, B. N.; Freeman, M. (Ed.) (1979). Nature of the Judicial Process. In: Lloyd’s Introduction to Jurisprudence. London: Stevens&Sons, 1002.
  20. Garth, B. G., Mauro, C. (1978). Access to Justice: The Newest Wave in the Worldwide Movement to Make Rights Effective. Maurer Faculty, 1142. Available at: https://www.repository.law.indiana.edu/facpub/1142
  21. Jacob, H. (1979). Access to Justice In England. Access to Justice, 1, 415–478.

Downloads

Published

2024-09-30

How to Cite

Balatska, O. (2024). The formation and development of concepts of access to court: a historical and legal context. ScienceRise: Juridical Science, (3(29), 4–12. https://doi.org/10.15587/2523-4153.2024.310273

Issue

No. 3(29) (2024)

Section

Juridical Science

License

Copyright (c) 2024 Olha Balatska

Creative Commons License

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.

Our journal abides by the Creative Commons CC BY copyright rights and permissions for open access journals.

Authors, who are published in this journal, agree to the following conditions:

1. The authors reserve the right to authorship of the work and pass the first publication right of this work to the journal under the terms of a Creative Commons CC BY, which allows others to freely distribute the published research with the obligatory reference to the authors of the original work and the first publication of the work in this journal.

 2. The authors have the right to conclude separate supplement agreements that relate to non-exclusive work distribution in the form in which it has been published by the journal (for example, to upload the work to the online storage of the journal or publish it as part of a monograph), provided that the reference to the first publication of the work in this journal is included.