Chard powder as natural source of nitrites for fermented dried sausages: physicochemical and microbiological studies

Authors

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.15587/2706-5448.2023.284648

Keywords:

chard powder, drying, nitrate-rich beets, vegetables, food coloring, minced meat products, quality characteristics

Abstract

Nitrites are added to sausage products to accelerate ripening, improve color and microbiological indicators. Chard (Beta vulgaris var. cicla) is one of the best natural sources of nitrites, as it contains a lot of nitrates – 1680 mg/kg in a fresh vegetable. However, chard has not been used as a source of nitrites in sausage technology and in cooking it is used only in fresh, boiled or sautéed form. There are no technologies for industrial drying and processing of chard into powder. Chard powder was obtained by microwave vacuum drying and grinding to 200 microns, which was determined by the appropriate sieve size. Five samples of fermented dried sausages were prepared and evaluated during the ripening process: C1 (without nitrite and sodium nitrate), C2 (100 mg/kg sodium nitrite and 100 mg/kg sodium nitrate), M1 (0.5 % chard powder), M2 (1 % chard powder) and M3 (1.5 % chard powder). With the addition of 1.5 % chard powder (Sample M3), the protein content increased by 22.74 %, ash content increased by 41.82 %, and dietary fiber content increased by 93.75 % compared to the control sample C2. Nitrite was formed from chard powder during the ripening process, especially in treatments M2 and M3. After the entire production process of fermented dried sausages for 35 days, nitrates were detected only in sample C2. The yield of fermented dried sausages enriched with chard powder decreased by 15.95 % compared to the control sample C2. Chard powder improved the microbiological parameters of sausage products, especially in sample M3. The content of aerobic mesophilic bacteria increased by 5.84 % and the content of lactic acid bacteria increased by 8.96 % in sample M3 compared to control C2 after 35 days of fermentation and drying, which is related to the activity of the starter. The organoleptic parameters of fermented dried sausages enriched with chard powder for samples M2 and M3 were better in terms of color and texture. The results of the analysis of nutritional value, pH, nitrites and nitrates indicate the effectiveness of adding 1.5 % chard powder (Sample M3) obtained by microwave vacuum drying as a potential source of nitrites in fermented dried sausages.

Author Biographies

Tetyana Holovko, State Biotechnological University

Doctor of Technical Science, Professor

Department of Meat Technology

Vasyl Pasichnyi, National University of Food Technologies

Doctor of Technical Sciences, Professor, Head of Department

Department of Meat and Meat Products Technology

Nadiia Lapytska, T. H. Shevchenko National University «Chernihiv Colehium»

PhD, Senior Lecturer

Department of Chemistry, Technology and Pharmacy

Mykola Holovko, State Biotechnological University

Doctor of Technical Science, Professor

Department of Chemistry, Biochemistry, Microbiology and Food Hygiene

Olha Vasilenko, Sumy National Agrarian University

PhD, Associate Professor

Department of Occupational Safety and Physics

Daria Mishan, Sumy National Agrarian University

Department of Food Technology and Safety

Yaroslav Dziuba, Sumy National Agrarian University

Department of Food Technology and Safety

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Chard powder as natural source of nitrites for fermented dried sausages: physicochemical and microbiological studies

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Published

2023-06-30

How to Cite

Holovko, T., Pasichnyi, V., Lapytska, N., Holovko, M., Vasilenko, O., Mishan, D., & Dziuba, Y. (2023). Chard powder as natural source of nitrites for fermented dried sausages: physicochemical and microbiological studies. Technology Audit and Production Reserves, 3(1(71), 15–21. https://doi.org/10.15587/2706-5448.2023.284648

Issue

Vol. 3 No. 1(71) (2023): Industrial and technology systems

Section

Materials Science

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Copyright (c) 2023 Tetyana Holovko, Vasyl Pasichnyi, Nadiia Lapytska, Mykola Holovko, Olha Vasilenko, Daria Mishan, Yaroslav Dziuba

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