Determination of the influence of the thermostabilizer content on the cyclic processing of polyvinyl chloride
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.15587/2706-5448.2025.322887Keywords:
thermal degradation, rheometric analysis, plastogram, tensile strength, impact strength, melt flow index, extrusionAbstract
The object of the study is the process of cyclic recycling of polyvinyl chloride (PVC). The main problem of multiple recycling of polyvinyl chloride is poor thermal stability. This problem is associated with insufficient stabilization of polyvinyl chloride at the stage of manufacturing the initial product. Usually, such products are difficult to recycle, since the content of additives in polyvinyl chloride is designed for one-time manufacturing of products and does not provide for repeated cyclic recycling. In addition, it may be necessary to modify the PVC composition to obtain the characteristics necessary for a new application. The thermal stability of polyvinyl chloride can be improved by various methods of physical modification. One of the key methods is the introduction of a stabilizer in a rational amount. To solve the problems set in the work, PVC composites with an adjustable stabilizer content from 2 to 5 mass parts were manufactured. The manufactured composites were recycled up to 5 times. At each cycle of PVC composites processing, thermal stability and melting point were determined using the RM-200C Hapro rheometer plastograph (Harbin University of Science and Technology Harbin Technology Co. Ltd, China). Mechanical properties were also determined on a tensile machine according to ISO 527-2:2012, Charpy impact strength according to ISO 179 and ASTM D256, and melt flow index according to ISO 1133:199.
The study found that increasing the stabilizer content by only 1–2 parts by mass from its base concentration of 3 parts by mass increases the life of the PVC composite by 1.5–2 times. A stabilizer content of 4–5 parts by mass allows maintaining sufficiently stable physical and mechanical characteristics of the PVC composite during 5 processing cycles.
As a result of the research, a PVC formulation suitable for cyclic processing was proposed, which is achieved by introducing 4–5 mass parts of the stabilizer at the stage of primary PVC production. This allows maintaining the mechanical characteristics of the material, valuable for the final application during multiple processing compared to typical PVC composites used on the market for the production of window profiles.
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