Morphological indicators of different maize hybrids depending on sowing dates in the conditions of the Left-Bank Forest-Steppe

Authors

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.33730/2310-4678.1.2024.302629

Keywords:

biometric indicators, plant height, cob attachment height, interphase periods, grain moisture, yield

Abstract

In the conditions of the Left-Bank Forest-Steppe, the influence of different sowing dates of maize hybrids of various maturity groups (Megan 250, Orilskaya 320) on the passage of phenological phases of development, morphological indicators of plants, and productivity was investigated. It was established that the sowing dates had a significant impact on the growth and development of maize plants regardless of the biological properties of hybrids. A general trend was observed of increasing the duration of interphase periods for the early sowing date in the first decade of May. A significant difference in the linear dimensions of maize plants of the studied hybrids and the height of cob attachment was found depending on the sowing dates. The tallest maize plants of the Megan hybrid (296 cm) and the Orilskaya hybrid (270 cm) were sown on May 23, which was 4.4–10.5% and 13.7–17.0% higher, respectively, than for the early (May 5) and late (June 10) sowing dates. Accordingly, the maximum values of cob attachment height of 106 cm and 112 cm were obtained for the May 23 sowing date. The grain moisture content of maize in all years of the study was lowest (18.1–19.6%) for the May 5 and May 23 sowing dates, and highest for the late sowing date of June 10, reaching 35–39%. It was determined that for the conditions of the Left-Bank Forest-Steppe, the optimal sowing date for the mid-ripening maize hybrid Megan 250 and the mid-ripening hybrid Orilskaya is May 23, which ensures grain yield at the level of 12.31 t·ha–1 and 11.86 t·ha–1, respectively.

Author Biographies

D. Shatsman, LLC “Eurosem”

Candidate of Agricultural Sciences

O. Demyanyuk, Institute of Agroecology and Environmental Management of NAAS

Doctor of Agricultural Science, Professor, Corresponding Member of NAAS

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Published

2024-02-29

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No. 1 (2024)

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